Estudamos a otimização do método SOR clássico, para a resolução de um sistema linear Ax = b, com A não-singular, a partir dos resultados de Young [55, 57] e Varga [50, 51] para matrizes de blocos p-cíclicas consistentemente ordenadas. Num primeiro nível, a otimização refere-se à escolha do parâmetro de relaxação do SOR que produz a maior velocidade de convergência, e, num segundo nível, à escolha da p-ciclicidade que apresenta o melhor desempenho com os valores ótimos do parâmetro, e damos ênfase ao caso 2-cíclico. Além disso, descrevemos a otimização do parâmetro em três generalizações: a) num relaxamento das condições sobre o espectro da matriz de Jacobi associada a A; b) no método SOR para matrizes singulares; c) num novo método SOR, que substitui a decomposição A = D - L - U, onde D, L e U são a diagonal de A, a parte triangular inferior estrita de A e a parte triangular superior estrita de A, pela A = D - P - Q, onde P pertence a uma classe de matrizes constru ída a partir das matrizes-escada. Descrevemos também a aplicação do caso singular às cadeias de Markov, comentamos a computação paralela aplicada ao SOR, e apresentamos diversas simulações relativas à otimização desse método. / We study the optimization of the classic SOR method for solving a linear system Ax = b, where A is a nonsingular p-cyclic consistently ordered block matrix, based on the discoveries of Young [55, 57] and Varga [50, 51]. In a first levei, the optimization refers to the choice of the SOR relaxation parameter, which produces the greatest convergence speed and, in a second levei, to the p-cyclicity that presents the best performance with the optimal parameter values and emphasize the 2- cyclic case. Moreover we describe three SOR generalizations concerning optimization: a) by weakening the conditions on the spectrum of Jacobi matrix associated with A; b) by considering the SOR method for singular matrices; c) by approaching a new SOR, that replaces the splitting A = D - L - U, where O, L and U are the diagonal of A, the strict lower triangular part of A and the strict upper triangular part of A. respectively, by this one A = D - P - Q, where P is a stair matrix or a matrix even more general than a stair matrix. We also describe the application of the singular case to Markov chains, discuss parallel computing applied to SOR method, and present severa! simulations regarding the optimization of that method.

Estudamos a otimização do método SOR clássico, para a resolução de um sistema linear Ax = b, com A não-singular, a partir dos resultados de Young [55, 57] e Varga [50, 51] para matrizes de blocos p-cíclicas consistentemente ordenadas. Num primeiro nível, a otimização refere-se à escolha do parâmetro de relaxação do SOR que produz a maior velocidade de convergência, e, num segundo nível, à escolha da p-ciclicidade que apresenta o melhor desempenho com os valores ótimos do parâmetro, e damos ênfase ao caso 2-cíclico. Além disso, descrevemos a otimização do parâmetro em três generalizações: a) num relaxamento das condições sobre o espectro da matriz de Jacobi associada a A; b) no método SOR para matrizes singulares; c) num novo método SOR, que substitui a decomposição A = D - L - U, onde D, L e U são a diagonal de A, a parte triangular inferior estrita de A e a parte triangular superior estrita de A, pela A = D - P - Q, onde P pertence a uma classe de matrizes constru ída a partir das matrizes-escada. Descrevemos também a aplicação do caso singular às cadeias de Markov, comentamos a computação paralela aplicada ao SOR, e apresentamos diversas simulações relativas à otimização desse método. / We study the optimization of the classic SOR method for solving a linear system Ax = b, where A is a nonsingular p-cyclic consistently ordered block matrix, based on the discoveries of Young [55, 57] and Varga [50, 51]. In a first levei, the optimization refers to the choice of the SOR relaxation parameter, which produces the greatest convergence speed and, in a second levei, to the p-cyclicity that presents the best performance with the optimal parameter values and emphasize the 2- cyclic case. Moreover we describe three SOR generalizations concerning optimization: a) by weakening the conditions on the spectrum of Jacobi matrix associated with A; b) by considering the SOR method for singular matrices; c) by approaching a new SOR, that replaces the splitting A = D - L - U, where O, L and U are the diagonal of A, the strict lower triangular part of A and the strict upper triangular part of A. respectively, by this one A = D - P - Q, where P is a stair matrix or a matrix even more general than a stair matrix. We also describe the application of the singular case to Markov chains, discuss parallel computing applied to SOR method, and present severa! simulations regarding the optimization of that method.

The nineteenth century presents a great increase in publications of guitar methods. Most authors of the time published several versions of their works. Fernando Sor, perhaps the most prominent guitar composers of the time—whose Méthode is regarded today as the most important of the period—only published one edition. However, Napoleon Coste took on the task to do a second account. The literature reviewed shows substantial existing information regarding background, type of text, tone, and contents of Sor's work, but comparisons to date are not substantial. Therefore, there is a need to compare these two texts side by side to yield a complete view of their pairing. The existing negative views of Coste's edition hinder the importance of Coste's work as reference to Segovia's publication of Sor studies, and as a clearer pedagogical application of many of Sor's concepts which are sidetracked by his response to criticism and his elaborations in matters beyond his main subject matter. I provide a comprehensive review of Sor's method, an outline and a consideration of his concepts. Then I offer a complete English translation of Coste's method which is inexistent until now. The comparison follows pointing at differences and similarities. Results show that Coste clarifies and complements many of the principles in less text and simpler language. He modifies certain others either to approach Sor's practice or to depart to a newer standard. He offers his own lessons and sections to apply Sor's concepts. Coste's text heads towards a pedagogical synthesis of Sor's method, but it is incomplete because he omits some concepts without leading the readers to consult Sor. Coste's pedagogical and practical relevance is fundamental for modern standard techniques.

No description available.

Fueron necesarios casi tres siglos de intérpretes de la vida y obra Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz para que la crítica abrace un justo medio y se aproxime a un análisis histórico y documental que asuma el intento de librarse de prejuicios ideológicos. Previamente, dos opciones habían teñido las páginas sobre la monja jerónima. Su obra había sido leída casi hagiográficamente desde Diego Calleja o como el testimonio de una figura rebelde y heterodoxa desde Dorothy Schons; como el sacrosanto conflicto de un alma que en los últimos años de su vida abrazó la santidad o como el atrevimiento de un personaje disidente e inusual. Estas inversas e incompatibles consideraciones sobre Sor Juana fueron fomentadas por los intentos de esclarecimiento de los oscuros años finales de su vida, su súbita renuncia a sus libros y aparatos científicos.

Una de las líneas críticas que ha calado con más fuerza en los estudios sobre Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz es la propuesta por Octavio Paz en su famoso libro Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz o las trampas de la Fe de 1982. En él, se plantea una lectura de la vida de esta monja a partir de una constante rebeldía frente a su entorno, básicamente, a causa de una condición que le habría de causar numerosos problemas siempre: su natural inclinación a los asuntos del conocimiento. Esta línea de lectura va a tener una influencia muy fuerte, sobre todo, en el estudio de sus últimos años, los cuales estuvieron marcados por la polémica en torno de la publicación de la Carta atenagórica sin su autorización en el mes de diciembre de 1690 por parte del obispo de Puebla, Manuel Fernández de Santa Cruz. En esa carta, de circulación privada en primera instancia, Juana Inés refutaba al teólogo portugués Antonio de Vieira por su Sermón del mandato. Tal publicación no consentida, además, fue acompañada por una carta en la que el propio Fernández de Santa Cruz, disfrazando su pluma como la monja Sor Filotea, responde a Sor Juana y le pide una dedicación más atenta a las letras sagradas. La respuesta a esta carta no se hizo esperar y, en marzo de 1691, saca a la luz Sor Juana la Respuesta a Sor Filotea de la Cruz en la cual establece una defensa del estudio de las mujeres y de su participación en la vida pública eclesiástica. / Tesis

The thesis focuses on two letters written by Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz: The "Carta Atenagorica" (1690) and The "Respuesta a sor Filotea" (1691), as well as on the "Carta de sor Filotea de la Cruz a sor Juana Ines de la Cruz" (1690), written by Manuel Fernandez de Santa Cruz, bishop of Puebla. The "Respuesta a sor Filotea," inspired by the "Carta de sor Filotea," presents an elaborated defence of the "Carta Atenagorica" and the right to discuss theological principles that the author claims on her behalf. / The thesis was inspired by the main theme of the "Respuesta a sor Filotea" as well as the polemical content of the other two letters. The introduction briefly presents the historical context in which the polemic took place. It also explains the objectives of the thesis and comments some of the critical work related to this theme. Chapters one and two analyse the "Carta Atenagorica," focusing on the theological discussion. / Chapters three and four analyse the "Carta de sor Filotea." Chapter three examines the intentions of the bishop of Puebla when he published Sor Juana's letter under the title of "Atenagorica." The analysis of the bishop's letter is in chapter four. / Chapter five examines, in the light of the preceding chapters, the "Respuesta a sor Filotea" and presents the conclusion.

This dissertation considers the intersection of aurality and visuality in seventeenth-century New Spanish poet Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz’s (1648/1651-95) acoustico-poetic discourse. Prior scholarship has focused either on the author’s engagement with Western music theory and compositional practices or else the role of musical references in her works. This has resulted in the marginalization of Sor Juana’s engagement with sound through disciplines that are not strictly musical or poetic, including: acoustics, cognitive theory and visual art. I address these lacunae by considering such concepts as echo, reflection, Ear, Voice, musica poetica (links between music and rhetoric) and musical pathos within the poet’s canon. Throughout my readings, Athanasius Kircher’s encyclopedic musical treatises— Musurgia universalis (1650) and Phonurgia nova (1673), both of which circulated within New Spain during Sor Juana’s lifetime—stand out as important sources by which such ideas were transmitted. My approach sharpens extant scholarship on these topics and identifies two new influences within Sor Juana’s poetic world: Aristotelian theories of cognition and Kircher’s unique position on musica poetica. More generally, this dissertation engages emerging scholarship on Ear in the early modern world and thus responds to the critical limits of ocularcentrism.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-09T22:44:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaSouzaMarques_TESE.pdf: 2267676 bytes, checksum: f71e2156c17464c73f99c0aec00ef206 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-10T22:44:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaSouzaMarques_TESE.pdf: 2267676 bytes, checksum: f71e2156c17464c73f99c0aec00ef206 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T22:44:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JessicaSouzaMarques_TESE.pdf: 2267676 bytes, checksum: f71e2156c17464c73f99c0aec00ef206 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Neste trabalho foram produzidas membranas de quitosana reticuladas ionicamente, utilizando o ?cido sulf?rico como agente de reticula??o para serem aplicadas no tratamento de ?guas residuais da ind?stria do petr?leo. Duas metodologias de reticula??o das membranas foram desenvolvidas: homog?nea e heterog?nea. No processo homog?neo a vari?vel analisada foi a raz?o molar de SO42-/ NH3+ (1:6 e 1:4), enquanto, no processo heterog?neo o tempo de imers?o das membranas em ?cido sulf?rico foi a vari?vel em estudo, sendo utilizado tempos de 5 e 30 minutos. Os resultados de FTIR-ATR evidenciaram a forma??o de liga??es i?nicas entre os grupos NH3+protonados da quitosana e os ?ons sulfato do agente reticulante. Apenasnas membranas heterog?neas indicando um grau de reticula??o bastante pequeno para as homog?neas.As an?lises de TG/DTG e DRX confirmaram a forma??o dessas intera??es, como tamb?m demonstraram que houve a forma??o de uma nova estrutura na regi?o superficial das membranas CS5 e CS30 em rela??o ?s membranas de CS, CS16 e CS14. Os ensaios de intumescimento em meio aquoso evidenciaram que os processos de reticula??o reduziram a capacidade de sor??o das membranas. Enquanto que em meio ?cido as membranas de CS16 e CS14 aumentaram a capacidade de sor??o at? um percentual m?ximo de aproximadamente 140%, e as de CS5 e CS30 atingiram um m?ximo de 60%. As propriedades mec?nicas indicaram o comportamento r?gido e d?ctil das membranas reticuladas. Atrav?s dos experimentos de sor??o de solu??o de CuCl2, foi determinado que o m?ximo de efici?ncia foi obtido para as membranas CS16 com 73% de remo??o de cobre em pH 5,0 e 87% em pH 4,0. Os experimentos realizados com CuSO4 tamb?m resultaram em 80% de remo??o de ?ons de Cu2+ para as membranas de CS16. Tamb?m foi verificado que o aumento da concentra??o e da temperatura refletiram na diminui??o da capacidade de adsor??o para todas as membranas. Os resultados de cin?tica evidenciaram que as membranas foram melhor caracterizadas pela equa??o de pseudo-segunda-ordem. E, osEstudos de equil?brio demonstraram que as membranas de CS, CS16 e CS14 seguem o modelo de Langmuir, enquanto que as membranas de CS5 e CS30 seguem o modelo de Freundlich. Os experimentos de filtra??o resultaram em m?ximo de reten??o de ?ons de Cu2+ para as membranas de CS16 e CS5, atingindo 92 e 98% respectivamente. / In this work a chitosan (CS) ionically crosslinked were manufactured by treatment with sulfuric acid solution for application in the treatment of wastewater from oil industry. Two crosslinking process were developed: homogeneous and heterogeneous. In the homogeneous process the ratio molar of SO42-/ NH3+ (1:6 and 1:4) were the variable analyzed, denominated CS16 and CS14 respectively. In the heterogeneous process the soaking time of the membranes in sulfuric acid solution were the variable studied, being used times of 5 (CS5) and 30 (CS30) minutes. FTIR-ATR results indicated no changes in the characteristics of chitosan after homogeneous crosslinking process, while heterogeneous crosslinking showed formation of ionic bonds between protonated groups from chitosan and the crosslinking agent sulfate ions. TG/DTG and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of these interactions, as also shown the new structure on the surface region of CS5 and CS30 membranes compared to CS, CS16 e CS14. Swelling test in aqueous medium have shown that crosslinking process reduced the membrane sorption capacity. Swelling test in acid medium demonstrated that CS16 and CS14 membranes increasing the adsorption capacity up to a maximum percentage of 140% approximately, whereas the CS5 e CS30 reached a maximum of 60%. The mechanical properties indicated the stiff and ductile behavior of crosslinked membrane. Adsorption experiments of CuCl2 results that CS16 membranes reached the efficiency maximum with 73% of copper removal at pH 5.0 and 87% at pH 4.0. The experiments with CuSO4 also obtained efficiency maximum to the CS16 membrane and 80% to the removal of Cu2+ ions. Also was verified that the increase of concentration and temperature cause a decrease in the adsorption capacity for all membranes. Kinetics study indicated that pseudo-second-order obtained characterized better the membranes. Equilibrium studies demonstrated that the CS, CS16 and CS14 follow the Langmuir model, whereas CS5 and CS30 follows Freundlich model. Filtration experiments results with rejection maximum to the CS16 and CS5 membranes, reaching 92 and 98% respectively.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-22T11:26:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - B?rbara Magalh?es Neto.pdf: 3282939 bytes, checksum: a4ead0ff5e7307971c24940b1bea36a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-22T11:26:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - B?rbara Magalh?es Neto.pdf: 3282939 bytes, checksum: a4ead0ff5e7307971c24940b1bea36a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-19 / Among the many existing methods for removing heavy metals off the effluents, the adsorption process stands out for being considered most effective, at lower cost. The phenomenon of adsorption consists in a process of the transfer of one or more constituents of a fluid phase to a surface of a solid phase. The adsorption process depends on physical and chemical characteristics, as: structural properties of the adsorbent (porosity, functional groups), adsorbate (ionic radius and coordination number), interaction between adsorbent and adsorbed. New technologies have emerged with focus returned to the use of biological materials with adsorbing properties for the treatment of effluents, in particular, removal and recovery of heavy metals, showing good performance. The main advantages of using natural adsorbents (biosorbents) in the process of sorption are: low waste generation, easy recovery of metals, the possibility of reuse of the adsorbent and lower operating costs, depending on the adsorbent material used in the process. From the foregoing this research used tablets of composite material, formed of recycled low density polyethylene (LDPErec) as polymer matrix and adsorbent materials (coconut fibber FC, chitosan Qui or clay B) and a comparative study using such tablets as adsorbents, to removal of the chromium (III), in order to determine which tablet has a better adsorption of chromium (III).To this end, there were realized three experimental design, where they were evaluated the influence of the size of coconut fibber particles, the composition of LDPErec/Fc, LDPErec/B, LDPErec/Qui, LDPErec/FC/Qui and LDPErec/B/Qui, the concentration of chromium (III) adsorbate and the exposure time of the tablets in the chromium (III) solution. With the results can conclude that the models used in the experimental design were valid for the evaluation of significant variables of this work, as the best chromium (III) removal conditions. That happened to the composition values of 40/60% to the tablets of LDPErec/FC1, LDPErec/FC3 and LDPErec/B. The particle size range of coconut fibber that proved more favourable was smaller particle size (100-120 mesh) in the composition of 40/60 %. The conductivity has been used to predict a chromium (III) sorption model but it proved not to be good parameter / Entre os muitos m?todos existentes para a remo??o de metais pesados em efluentes, o processo de adsor??o destaca-se por ser considerado um dos mais efetivos, com menor custo. O fen?meno da adsor??o consiste em um processo de transfer?ncia de um ou mais constituintes de uma fase fluida para a superf?cie de uma fase s?lida. O processo de adsor??o depende de caracter?sticas f?sicas e qu?micas, como: propriedades estruturais do adsorvente (porosidade, grupos funcionais), do adsorvato (raio i?nico, n?mero de coordena??o) e intera??es entre o adsorvente e o adsorvato. Novas tecnologias t?m surgido com o foco voltado para a utiliza??o de materiais biol?gicos com propriedades adsorventes para tratamento de efluentes, e particularmente, na remo??o e recupera??o de metais pesados, apresentando bom desempenho. As principais vantagens de utiliza??o de adsorventes naturais (biossorventes) no processo de sor??o s?o: baixa gera??o de res?duos, f?cil recupera??o dos metais, a possibilidade de reutiliza??o do adsorvente e menor custo operacional, dependendo do material adsorvente que ? utilizado no processo. A partir do exposto essa pesquisa utilizou pastilhas de materiais comp?sitos, formadas por polietileno de baixa densidade reciclado (PEBDrec) como matriz polim?rica e materiais adsorventes (fibra de coco-FC, quitosana-Qui ou argila-B) e realizar um estudo comparativo utilizando essas pastilhas como adsorventes, na remo??o de cromo (III), a fim de determinar qual apresenta uma melhor adsor??o de cromo. Com esta finalidade, foram realizados tr?s planejamentos experimentais, onde foram avaliadas a influ?ncia da granulometria das part?culas de fibra de coco, a composi??o das pastilhas de PEBDrec/FC, PEBDrec/B, PEBDrec/Qui, PEBDrec/FC/Qui e PEBDrec/B/Qui, a concentra??o do adsorvato de cromo (III) e o tempo de exposi??o das pastilhas a solu??o de cromo (III). Com os resultados p?de-se concluir que os modelos usados nos planejamentos experimentais foram v?lidos para a avalia??o da signific?ncia dessas vari?veis, como para as melhores condi??es de remo??o do cromo (III), as quais aconteceram nos valores de composi??o de 40/60% das pastilhas de PEBDrec/FC1, PEBDrec/FC3 e PEBDrec/B. A faixa granulom?trica da fibra de coco que se mostrou mais favor?vel foi de menor granulometria (100-120 mesh) na composi??o de 40/60%. Utilizou-se a t?cnica de condutividade para predizer um modelo de sor??o de cromo (III), por?m nas condi??es do estudo, a condutividade n?o demonstrou ser um bom par?metro