Not available / text

Freie Univ., Diss--Berlin, 1999.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 267-283). Also available on the Internet.

Focusing on the Tsachila, Amerindians of western Ecuador, this thesis examines how competing "common knowledge" accounts of the afterlife (conventional Tsachi, Catholic, and Protestant) are related to experiences of encounters with ghosts. Inspired by conversation analysis it advocates the study of these encounters through close attention to how accounts of them are constructed in conversation, from which they emerge as inherently disruptive and resistant to any definitive interpretation. From this starting point a descriptive account is given of the ways in which these anomalous experiences form the background to everyday life among the Tsachila. Experiential associations are identified linking ghosts with the circadian patterns of sound, light and sociality. Next the thesis examines and compares a selection of myths depicting the dead and animals and it is shown that the boundaries between myth and everyday life and between the living and the dead are uncertain and subject to revision in the light of experience. They cannot be taken for granted but must be constantly reinforced. An example of such reinforcement is provided by the Tsachi celebration of the Catholic Day of the Dead, and it is shown how this intersects with and is inflected by Tsachi attitudes to the dead and their disposal. In the final chapter a selection of accounts of personal encounters with ghosts is examined to reveal ways in which the common knowledge previously discussed is shaped, deployed and contested in the context of these accounts. It is suggested, in conclusion, that personal experience of this kind cannot be treated as simply a cultural expression, but that it exerts a motivating and disruptive force on thought and action.

Orientador: Jose Luiz dos Santos / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T18:27:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_CarlosAlbertoBorgesda_D.pdf: 4248231 bytes, checksum: c7257d0d5f589cc01341ecffa9328332 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: A Revolta do Rupununi, acontecida em 1969, no sul da Guiana, foi um movimento armado preparado por fazendeiros com objetivo de criar um novo país na região. Apoiada pela Venezuela, que através do auxilio militar dado aos fazendeiros, anteviu a possibilidade de recuperar a Zona en Reclamación, a Revolta contou com a participação de alguns índios, principalmente aqueles tidos como parentes de H. P. C. Melville, o primeiro estrangeiro a criar gado no Rupununi. Depois de dois dias de iniciado o movimento, alguns fazendeiros, acompanhados por um grupo de índios, retiraram-se para a Venezuela na condição de exilados, outros fugiram para o Brasil ou foram capturados pela Guyana Defense Force, chamada por Forbes Burnhan, presidente da Guiana, para sufocar o movimento armado. A preparação, a organização, o desfecho e o fracasso do movimento explicam relações políticas e sociais densas entre a Venezuela e a Guiana, fazendeiros e índios, bem como revelam disputas étnicas conseqüentes da colonização britânica no país / Abstract: The Revolt of Rupununi, happened in 1969, in the south of Guyana, it was an armed movement prepared by farmers with the objective of creating a new country in the area. Leaning to Venezuela, the military help the farmers that saw the opportunity to recover the zona en reclamación, the Revolt counted with the participation of some Indians, mainly those had as relatives of H. P. C. Melville, the first stranger to grow up cattle in Rupununi. Two days after the movement, some farmers, accompanied by a group of Indians, left for Venezuela as political exiles', others fled to Brazil or were captured by the Guyana Defense Forces, which were ordered by Forbes Burnhan, president of Guyana, to quell the armed movement. The preparation, the organization, the ending and the failure of the movement revealed the profound relationship regarding the political and social sphere between Venezuela and Guyana, also between the farmers and the Indians, as well reveals the consequent ethnic disputes to the British colonization period / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

Orientador: John Manuel Monteiro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T19:59:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Matos_MariaHelenaOrtolan_D.pdf: 11431083 bytes, checksum: 648645267c0fa3c0035bacff38a1e541 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Esta tese aborda os desdobramentos do movimento indígena no Brasil, após a promulgação da Constituição de 1988, quando uma nova fase se iniciou com mudanças significativas na forma jurídica e política de inserção das populações indígenas no Estado brasileiro. Descreve e analisa o modo de atuação dos líderes do movimento indígena, a partir das experiências exemplares indígenas vivenciadas no contexto interétnico do Vale do Javari. Aborda a criação do Conselho Indígena do Vale do Javari (CIVAJA), como organização protagonista de acontecimentos da história do movimento indígena. Como instrumento de análise, recorre à noção de rede para tratar as relações entre os atores sociais como múltipla e não apenas uni-direcional. A criação de organizações indígenas é tratada como parte do processo de definição de espaços interculturais no Estado brasileiro. Sob a abordagem do diálogo intercultural, questiona se a participação indígena nas esferas públicas governamentais de atuação tem permitido a articulação entre os distintos sistemas de significados ou tem mantido o predomínio hierárquico do sistema não-indígena. Ao final, conclui que, apesar da pluralidade étnica ser reconhecida pela sociedade brasileira, não se criou meios para concretizá-la como princípio organizativo do Estado nacional / Abstract: This dissertation deals with the indigenous movement in Brazil after the promulgation of the Constitution of 1988, when a new phase began and significant changes took place in the political and juridical forms of insertion of the indigenous populations into the Brazilian state. It describes and analizes the role of the indigenous movement¿s leaders based on the example of indigenous experiences witnessed in the interethnic context of the Vale do Javarí. It discusses the process of creation of the Indigenous Council of the Vale do Javarí (CIVAJA) as an organization active in various events in the history of the indigenous movement. The thesis adopts the notion of network as an analytical instrument, in order to capture the relationships between social actors as multiple rather than unidirectional processes. The creation of indigenous organizations is analyzed as part of the process of definition of intercultural spaces within the Brazilian state. From a perspective of intercultural dialogue, the study moves toward questioning whether the indigenous participation in the governmental public spheres has permitted exchanges between the different systems of meaning, or if it has left the hierarchical predominance of the non-indigenous system in place. Eventually, the dissertation concludes that despite the recognition of ethnic plurality by Brazilian society, means of substantiating that recognition into a concrete organizational principle of the nation-state have not been devised. / Doutorado / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

Orientador: Claudete de Castro Silva Vitte / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T09:28:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Senhoras_EloiMartins_D.pdf: 2321781 bytes, checksum: bc98461bf8eb8d2aafcef04a6d004469 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A referente tese de doutorado tem o objetivo de mapear uma agenda de estudos sobre os processos de regionalização transnacional sul-americana a fim de ampliar e aprofundar as discussões sobre esta temática de crescente relevância para a compreensão das novas determinações espaciais e escalas de poder. A agenda de estudos focados na América do Sul pretende utilizar uma série de discussões sobre os novos atores, os novos temas e novas escalas de análise internacional, com o objetivo de demonstrar quais são as variáveis que afetam a integração transnacional e que, portanto, definem as relações e lógicas espaciais de poder intra e inter territórios e fronteiras no Brasil e na América do Sul. O estudo pretende demonstrar que uma frutífera agenda de pesquisa sobre a regionalização transnacional na América do Sul tem que levar em consideração estudos geoestratégicos sobre a difusão diplomática de processos institucionais e sobre a extroversão paradiplomática de atores empresariais; bem como estudos sobre o conteúdo geopolítico de exploração dos recursos naturais e da agenda de segurança e defesa no subcontinente. Com essa discussão sincrônica são fornecidos subsídios para a reflexão e o aprofundamento do debate sobre os atores e as múltiplas facetas temáticas que afetam simultaneamente o processo e regionalização transnacional na América Sul por meio de vetores de integração e fragmentação. / Abstract: This doctoral thesis has mapped a research agenda on the processes of transnational regionalization in South America taking for granted the purpose to open a wider discussion about this subject of increasing relevance to the understanding of new spatial determinations and scales of power. The selected agenda of research focused on South America brings into play a series of discussions about new actors, new themes and international scales of analysis in order to demonstrate the main variables that affect cross-border integration and, therefore, define spatial relations and logics of power within and between territories and frontiers in Brazil and South America. This study was written to demonstrate that a fruitful research agenda on transnational regionalization in South America is supposed to take into account geo-strategic studies about diplomatic diffusion of institutional processes, paradiplomatic extraversion of business, as well as studies on the content of geopolitical exploitation of natural resources and the agenda of security and defense in the subcontinent. In the course of this synchronous discussion subsidies are provided for reflection and further debate about the actors and the multifaceted issues that simultaneously affect the process of transnational regionalization in South America through vectors of integration and fragmentation. / Doutorado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Doutor em Ciências

Orientadores: Angela Borges Martins, Peter Warren Fritsch, Frank Almeda / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T20:09:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AranhaFilho_JoaoLuizMazza_D.pdf: 23081315 bytes, checksum: a40a92f4f2f08a68c7f851a3edd989ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O presente estudo consiste de uma revisão taxonômica das espécies sul-americanas de Symplocos seção Hopea, um grupo reconhecido principalmente por apresentar flores unissexuadas (espécies dioicas) e estames e estaminódios arranjados em grupos mais ou menos alternos aos lobos da corola. No total foram reconhecidas 27 espécies da seção para o continente, sendo que destas espécies quatro já foram publicadas como novas para a ciência e outras seis foram propostas como novas. O nome Symplocos pentandra, amplamente utilizado em trabalhos florísticos, foi validado; uma espécie anteriormente considerada sinônimo de S. itatiaiae foi restabelecida (S. dasyphylla); quatro nomes com prioridade (S. arbutifolia, S. revoluta, S. estrellensis e S. oblongifolia) foram restabelecidos; novas sinonimizações foram realizadas; vários nomes foram lectotipificados; S. rizzinii, anteriormente excluída de Symplocaceae, foi considerada como pertencente à família; e o nome Symplocos sect. Hopea foi restabelecido (não Symplocos sect. Barberina). Além disso, descrições, fotos, ilustrações, comentários, chave de identificação, lista de materiais examinados, dados de distribuição, fenológicos e ecológicos foram fornecidos / Abstract: This study concerns a taxonomic revision of the South American species of Symplocos section Hopea, which can be recognized mainly by its unisexual flowers and stamens and staminodes somewhat arranged in clusters alternate with the corolla lobes. A total of 27 species of the section were recognized for the continent, four of them were already published as new to sciences and other six were proposed as new. The name Symplocos pentandra, largely used in floristic surveys, was validated; one species previously considered synonym of S. itatiaiae was re-established; four names with priority (S. arbutifolia, S. revoluta, S. estrellensis and S. oblongifolia) were re-established; new synonyms were proposed; several names were lectotypified; S. rizzinii, excluded from Symplocaceae in previous treatment, was considered as a Symplocaceae member; and the name Symplocos sect. Hopea was re-established (not Symplocos sect. Barberina). In addition, descriptions, photos, illustrations, comments, identification key, specimens studied, distribution, phenological, and ecological data were provided / Doutorado / Biologia Vegetal / Doutor em Biologia Vegetal

The present work focuses on the sources and transport of water vapor to the La Plata Basin (LPB), and the role of groundwater dynamics on the simulation of hydrometeorological conditions over the basin. In the first part of the study an extension to the Dynamic Recycling Model (DRM) is developed to estimate the water vapor transported to the LPB from different regions in South America and the nearby oceans, and the corresponding contribution to precipitation over the LPB. It is found that more than 23% of the precipitation over the LPB is from local origin, while nearly 20% originates from evapotranspiration from the southern Amazon. Most of the moisture comes from terrestrial sources, with the South American continent contributing more than 62% of the moisture for precipitation over the LPB. The Amazonian contribution increases during the positive phase of El Niño and the negative phase of the Antarctic Oscillation. In the second part of the study the effect of a groundwater scheme on the simulation of terrestrial water storage, soil moisture and evapotranspiration (ET) over the LPB is investigated. It is found that the groundwater scheme improves the simulation of fluctuations in the terrestrial water storage over parts of the southern Amazon. There is also an increase in the soil moisture in the root zone over those regions where the water table is closer to the surface, including parts of the western and southern Amazon, and of the central and southern LPB. ET increases in the central and southern LPB, where it is water limited. Over parts of the southeastern Amazon the effects of the groundwater scheme are only observed at higher resolution, when the convergence of lateral groundwater flow in local topographical depressions is resolved by the model. Finally, the effects of the groundwater scheme on near surface conditions and precipitation are explored. It is found that the increase in ET induced by the groundwater scheme over parts of the LPB induces an increase in near surface specific humidity, accompanied by a decrease in near surface temperature. During the dry season, downstream of the regions where ET increases, there is also a slight increase in precipitation, over a region where the model has a dry bias compared with observations. During the early rainy season, there is also an increase in the local convective available potential energy. Over the southern LPB, groundwater induces an increase in ET and precipitation of 13 and 10%, respectively. Over the LPB, the groundwater scheme tends to improve the warm and dry biases of the model. It is suggested that a more realistic simulation of the water table depth could further increase the simulated precipitation during the early rainy season.

Advances in seismology allow us to obtain "high-resolution" images of the Earth's subsurface. This dissertation summarizes the results of three seismic studies on three different continents, with the aim of better understanding the crust and upper mantle structure of seemingly disparate yet ultimately related regions. The seismic techniques of Pn tomography and P-wave receiver function (RF) analysis are applied to central Turkey (Pn tomography), western Argentina and southwestern Wyoming, USA (RF analysis). These studies look at both a present-day convergent margin (Andean subduction zone, Argentina) and two ancient ones (Bitlis-Zagros collision zone of Arabia-Africa with Eurasia, Turkey; Farallon subduction zone, Wyoming).Using Pn tomography, we were able to detect the limit of the slab rupture edge along the Central Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey. Slab break-off is an important process that modifies the mantle in tectonically active regions, and the limit of the oceanic Arabian slab break-off along the Bitlis-Zagros Suture Zone, thought to have begun at 11 Ma, was previously undetermined.Using RF analysis, we obtained high-resolution images of the subducting slab beneath the Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina. Continental Moho contours roughly follow terrane boundaries, suggesting that ancient terranes continue to exert control over present-day continental deformation. Overthickened oceanic crust is often cited as a cause of flat slab subduction; our RF results indicate that the crust is moderately overthickened, around 11-16 km. Further, we image offsets in the RF arrivals that indicate the subducted slab is broken or offset in along trench-subparallel fractures.The crustal structure beneath southwestern Wyoming, the location of ancient Farallon flat slab subduction, was studied using RF analysis. Looking at regional crustal structure, results include a new depth to Moho map. Coherency of the seismic signal across the dense LaBarge array (55 stations, ~250 m spacing) was investigated, with results showing that complicated shallow structure can greatly impact the resulting RF signal. Modeling of RFs using synthetics helped to separate the complex signal containing multiple primary conversions and their reverberations, which interact constructively and destructively. The dense spacing of the LaBarge array allowed unique opportunities to investigate coherency of waveforms across very short distances.