The thesis deals with the socio-spatial transformation of the Prague district Karlin. This post- socialist and post-industrial developing dynamic district has changed its character in the recent decades. I follow on from the post-socialist theories that perceive the city of the so- called hybrid perspectives. These theories reveal it as a whole and take into account the everyday experience of the changing city. I describe these experiences of the inhabitants and visitors of Karlin with the concepts of social production and social construction, which combine the macroanalysis of social, economic and political influences and the microanalysis of individual living experience. I work on the assumption at the same time that the socio- spatial change manifests itself in the everyday activities of people and their rhythmicity which is the result of social construction and the production of urban space. The aim of the thesis is to describe the socio-spatial change through the example of Karlin Square with the analysis of rhythmicity. I use several qualitative methods of urban studies. In particular, I use the following methods: semi-structured interviews with mental mapping, participating observations and diaries

Nos recherches sont basées sur l'étude des villages montagnards de Lattaquié qui étaient, à partir des années 1960, le théâtre d'un mouvement intense d'émigration résultant, d'une part, de la pauvreté des terres agricoles et donc de l'impossibilité de l'exploiter pour satisfaire les besoins vitaux, et d'autre part, du fait que la région de Lattaquié représente la région d'origine du pouvoir politique. L'état Ba'thiste a suivi ses démarches pour intégrer les habitants de Lattaquié, zone minoritaire sur le plan national, au sein des autres régions dont les habitants représentent la majorité ethnique en Syrie.Ces dernières années, suite au développement survenu dans ces villages, beaucoup d'habitants ont quitté les lieux d'accueil pour revenir à leur village natal.Les migrants de retour, après avoir ramené des fonds et s'être adaptés aux particularités d'urbanité, ont transformé les campagnes à tous les niveaux. Ce nouveau type de vie, apporté par les revenants à leurs villages d'origine avec beaucoup de modifications sociales, a conféré une nouvelle forme aux villages de la campagne montagnarde de Lattaquié, différentes de la situation antérieure de ces villages et plus précisément avant l'arrivée du parti Ba'th au pouvoir dans les années 1960.Pour connaître la configuration actuelle de la campagne montagnarde de Lattaquié, il est nécessaire de poser la question suivante:Dans quelle mesure la transformation de la vie sociale dans les villages de montagne de Lattaquié influence-t-elle la configuration architecturale et urbanistique de ces villages? / Our research is based on the study of mountain villages of Latakia who were from the 1960s, the scene of intense emigration movement resulting , on the one hand , poverty of agricultural land and therefore the inability to operate to meet the vital needs , and secondly , because the region of Latakia is the region of origin of political power. The Ba'athist state followed its efforts to integrate people of Latakia , minority area on the national level in other regions whose inhabitants are ethnic majority in Syria.In recent years, following the development occurred in these villages, many people have left the area to return home to their native village.Returnees , after bringing funds and have adapted to the particularities of urbanity , transformed campaigns at all levels .This new type of life , brought by ghosts in their home villages with many social changes , has given a new shape to the mountain villages of the countryside of Lattakia , different from the previous situation of these villages and specifically before arrival of the ruling Baath party in the 1960s .For the current configuration of the mountain countryside of Latakia , it is necessary to ask the following question:To what extent the transformation of social life in the mountain villages of Latakia she influences the architectural and urban configuration of these villages?

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciano dos Santos Diniz.pdf: 7061936 bytes, checksum: f7007f1ff2e85f254ec30e2065e7e856 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In order to strengthen the role of cities in the domestic economic environment national and ensure their integration into the global market, the modifying actions proceeded by the Government, in conjunction with private capital, not always broaden the citizens' right to the city. Sometimes such actions lead, albeit unintentionally, to the intensification of inequality, exclusion, and socio-spatial segregation of the poorest segments of the population. The objective of the research was to identify whether the interventions made by the Government in the North Section of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, since 2005, have initiated the gentrification process of the study area Venda Nova. Specifically, it sought to identify the elements that characterize the gentrification process, understood as ennoblement/elitization of certain areas, with conceptual basis of national and international literature. Therefore, were researched the occurrence of land order changes; the changes in urban infrastructure, in the typology of buildings and in census indicators. For this purpose, in the present study, it was used a bibliographical, documental and survey research with older residents, recent residents and former residents that allowed knowing and evaluating the gentrification phenomenon in its temporality. The research has concluded that, in fact, the interventions proceeded by the government in the North Sector of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte have initiated the gentrification process of the study area, which is characterized by an active role of the Government; the reinvestment of public and private capital in the surrounding environment; changes in the order land; the transformation of the built environment; the reorganization of the social cartography of the area with the arrival of higher-socioeconomic-level residents; and finally, the indirect displacement of low-income residents / As ações modificadoras procedidas pelo Poder Público, em articulação com o capital privado, a fim de consolidar o papel das cidades no cenário econômico nacional e garantir sua inserção no mercado global, nem sempre caminham no sentido de ampliar o direito dos cidadãos à cidade. Por vezes, tais ações acarretam, ainda que involuntariamente, a intensificação da desigualdade, da exclusão e da segregação socioespacial das parcelas mais pobres da população. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar se as intervenções realizadas pelo Poder Público no Vetor Norte da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, a partir de 2005, deram início ao processo de gentrificação da Área de Estudo Venda Nova AEVN. De forma específica, buscouse identificar os elementos que caracterizam o processo de gentrificação, entendido como enobrecimento/elitização de determinadas áreas, à luz de bibliografia nacional e internacional. Assim, foram pesquisadas a ocorrência de alteração da ordem fundiária; as alterações na infraestrutura urbana, na tipologia dos imóveis e nos indicadores censitários. Para tanto, no presente estudo, foram utilizadas pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de levantamento com moradores antigos, moradores recentes e ex-moradores, que permitissem conhecer e avaliar, na sua temporalidade, o fenômeno da gentrificação. A pesquisa concluiu que, de fato, as intervenções procedidas pelo Poder Público no Vetor Norte da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte principiaram o processo de gentrificação da área de estudo, o qual é caracterizado pela ativa atuação do Poder Público; pelo reinvestimento de capital público e privado no ambiente circundante; pela alteração da ordem fundiária; pela transformação do ambiente construído; pela reorganização da cartografia social da área, com a chegada de moradores com níveis socioeconômicos mais elevados; e, finalmente, pelo deslocamento indireto dos moradores de baixa renda

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:55:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciano dos Santos Diniz.pdf: 7061936 bytes, checksum: f7007f1ff2e85f254ec30e2065e7e856 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In order to strengthen the role of cities in the domestic economic environment national and ensure their integration into the global market, the modifying actions proceeded by the Government, in conjunction with private capital, not always broaden the citizens' right to the city. Sometimes such actions lead, albeit unintentionally, to the intensification of inequality, exclusion, and socio-spatial segregation of the poorest segments of the population. The objective of the research was to identify whether the interventions made by the Government in the North Section of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, since 2005, have initiated the gentrification process of the study area Venda Nova. Specifically, it sought to identify the elements that characterize the gentrification process, understood as ennoblement/elitization of certain areas, with conceptual basis of national and international literature. Therefore, were researched the occurrence of land order changes; the changes in urban infrastructure, in the typology of buildings and in census indicators. For this purpose, in the present study, it was used a bibliographical, documental and survey research with older residents, recent residents and former residents that allowed knowing and evaluating the gentrification phenomenon in its temporality. The research has concluded that, in fact, the interventions proceeded by the government in the North Sector of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte have initiated the gentrification process of the study area, which is characterized by an active role of the Government; the reinvestment of public and private capital in the surrounding environment; changes in the order land; the transformation of the built environment; the reorganization of the social cartography of the area with the arrival of higher-socioeconomic-level residents; and finally, the indirect displacement of low-income residents / As ações modificadoras procedidas pelo Poder Público, em articulação com o capital privado, a fim de consolidar o papel das cidades no cenário econômico nacional e garantir sua inserção no mercado global, nem sempre caminham no sentido de ampliar o direito dos cidadãos à cidade. Por vezes, tais ações acarretam, ainda que involuntariamente, a intensificação da desigualdade, da exclusão e da segregação socioespacial das parcelas mais pobres da população. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar se as intervenções realizadas pelo Poder Público no Vetor Norte da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, a partir de 2005, deram início ao processo de gentrificação da Área de Estudo Venda Nova AEVN. De forma específica, buscouse identificar os elementos que caracterizam o processo de gentrificação, entendido como enobrecimento/elitização de determinadas áreas, à luz de bibliografia nacional e internacional. Assim, foram pesquisadas a ocorrência de alteração da ordem fundiária; as alterações na infraestrutura urbana, na tipologia dos imóveis e nos indicadores censitários. Para tanto, no presente estudo, foram utilizadas pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de levantamento com moradores antigos, moradores recentes e ex-moradores, que permitissem conhecer e avaliar, na sua temporalidade, o fenômeno da gentrificação. A pesquisa concluiu que, de fato, as intervenções procedidas pelo Poder Público no Vetor Norte da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte principiaram o processo de gentrificação da área de estudo, o qual é caracterizado pela ativa atuação do Poder Público; pelo reinvestimento de capital público e privado no ambiente circundante; pela alteração da ordem fundiária; pela transformação do ambiente construído; pela reorganização da cartografia social da área, com a chegada de moradores com níveis socioeconômicos mais elevados; e, finalmente, pelo deslocamento indireto dos moradores de baixa renda

Spray is an efficient tool in the usage whose primary objectives are to obtain droplets with increased liquid surface area and more dispersed liquid over a larger volume. The determination of spray characteristics has been a topic of extensive research recently. In the present investigation, the flow structure of a spray issuing from an oil burner nozzle was determined in a parametrical manner. The main tool in the experimental research is the Interferometric Particle Imaging (IPI) configuration. This method exploits the interference between light reflected from and refracted through individual transparent spray droplets which are illuminated by a laser light sheet in a wide angle forward-scatter region. Based on a scattering theory, the droplet diameter of spray particles can be related to the light pattern scattered from that particle. In addition, using double-framed images also enables the calculation of velocities associated with these particles. In this way, as a representation of spray structure, the droplet size and velocity distributions were obtained prior to a change in the primary parameters of liquid flow e.g. surface tension, viscosity, density and the injection pressure. The evolution of spray characteristics in space were also examined by conducting measurements in different radial and axial locations relative to spray centerline.

I carried out an observational study of historic high resolution aerial imagery spanning six decades (1950-2014) to identify recent and historic spatial extent of mangrove forests, within the municipal boundaries of the City of Tampa, Florida USA. My objectives were to map mangrove distribution and spatial extent and any change or patterns of change discernable. I observed variable patterns of change and rates of expansion varied between sites spatially as well as within sites between time intervals. I found notable changes in mangrove extent in the Tampa from historic and modern aerial imagery for the ~64-year period between 1950 and 2014. There were significant losses in areal extent between 1950 and 1973, much of which could be directly attributed to anthropogenic modification of the Tampa coastal landscape. All the regions observed had recovered or surpassed their original extent by the end of the period reviewed (1950-2014). It appears much of the recovery observed is a result of recolonization of created or modified shorelines. Results of these observations may contribute to the body of information used to inform conservation and management objectives in the City of Tampa and Tampa Bay.

Population displacement has long been a controversial companion of development. The central tension has been between the position challenging the kind of development that removes people from their homes, livelihoods and communities, and a managerial position that the impoverishment risks of displacement can be mitigated through an effective intervention. Whereas recent research has been devoted to unpacking a rather unsuccessful performance of involuntary resettlement as a mitigation measure, this study aims to question the assumption of mitigation itself by expanding the concept of development impacts beyond the realm of displacement. Through an empirical study of a railway project in Metro Manila, the Philippines, I examine how urban residents are affected by a large-scale demolition and displacement that took place in their locality. Semi-structured interviews were conducted along the railway tracks after the land was cleared of informal settlements since the study placed particular focus on residents who were not physically displaced. They are identified in my research as non-displaced people. Few studies have addressed the possibility that other people might have been adversely affected in situ and this is particularly so in urban areas. Empirical findings reveal that the physical environment and socio-economic relationships in the locality were significantly transformed through the clearance; impacting the tenure status, livelihoods and social milieu of non-displaced people. Tenure security was important for avoiding displacement but was not a definitive factor as a number of people are still informal settlers who continue to be faced with other eviction threats. For the non-displaced, the physical change of the locality became relevant when their productive capital, notably, a second house or business space, was affected. The loss or erosion of physical capital had a secondary impact on livelihoods, which was compounded by the rupture in the local livelihood network following a mass population outflow. Whereas the income of locally-based businesses decreased substantially, livelihoods that operate beyond the locality remain relatively resilient. Differentiated experiences of a local change are also reflected in a range of evaluations that describe local social ambiance before and after the event. Diverse ways in which non-displaced people were affected underline that the current conceptualisation of impacts is limited to one dimension of displacement. This raises the need to adopt a more holistic and disaggregated approach to understanding the complexities of development impacts. A discussion on whether and how they can be mitigated would benefit further from such a comprehensive study.

Text in Afrikaans / In this study the relationship between political decision making, spatial change and provision of selected municipal services was investigated. Legislation and policy, spatial demarcation and local government structures are determined by political decision making on various government levels. The international system as well as the local history and factors leading to spatial change impact on municipal demarcation and service delivery. Demographic change due to re-delimitation of boundaries, densification within the area of jurisdiction and immigration imply that service requirements change. In 1994/5, the rural and residential areas were incorporated to the former Verwoerdburg and formed the Southern Pretoria Metropolitan Substructure (Centurion). In December 2000 Centurion lost its autonomous status and was incorporated as administrative unit into the larger Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. Restructuring have implications for the political representation of communities, the spatial extension of service networks, priority areas, and the location of service provision points. / In hierdie studie is die verband tussen politieke besluitneming, ruimtelike verandering en die lewering van geselekteerde munisipale dienste ondersoek. Wetgewing en beleid, ruimtelike afbakening en plaaslikeowerheidstrukture word deur politieke besluitneming op verskillende regeringsvlakke bepaal. Die internasionale sisteem, asook plaaslike historiese gebeure en aanleidende faktore tot ruimtelike verandering het 'n impak op beide munisipale afbakening en dienslewering. Demografiese verandering as gevolg van die herbepaling van grense, verdigting binne die regsgebied en immigrasie impliseer dat diensbehoeftes verander. Landelike en residensiele gebiede is in 1994/5 by die voormalige Verwoerdburg geinkorporeer om die Suidelike Pretoria Metropolitaanse Substruktuur (Centurion) te vorm. In Desember 2000 het die Stadsraad van Centurion sy outonome status verloor en is as administratiewe eenheid by die groter Tshwane Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit geinkorporeer. Herstrukturering het implikasies vir die politieke verteenwoordiging wat gemeenskappe geniet, die ruimtelike uitbreiding van diensnetwerke, prioriteitsgebiede en die plasing van dienstevoorsieningspunte. / Geography / M.A. (Geografie)

The premise of the research concerns negative spatial legacies and questions doubting the existence of the true post-apartheid city in South Africa. The study describes the socio-spatial structure of the functional urban core of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM). An empirical analysis, a unique segregation-desegregation classification, a relative socio-economic classification and three continuity-discontinuity hypotheses was used to compare past and present socio-spatial characteristics. Structural racial-residential segregation is evident along with high levels of socio-economic inequality. Spatial polarisation of societal attributes has created a clear north-west and south-east divide in the study area. The study area is described as one with a central-south citadel (inhabited by the wealthy) and a dynamic periphery (diverse but relatively deprived). Current socio-spatial characteristics can be attributed to strong spatial legacies, ineffective policy interventions and underlying socio-spatial influences that inhibit true inclusivity and equality in the study area. / Geography / M. Sc. (Geography)

Text in Afrikaans / In this study the relationship between political decision making, spatial change and provision of selected municipal services was investigated. Legislation and policy, spatial demarcation and local government structures are determined by political decision making on various government levels. The international system as well as the local history and factors leading to spatial change impact on municipal demarcation and service delivery. Demographic change due to re-delimitation of boundaries, densification within the area of jurisdiction and immigration imply that service requirements change. In 1994/5, the rural and residential areas were incorporated to the former Verwoerdburg and formed the Southern Pretoria Metropolitan Substructure (Centurion). In December 2000 Centurion lost its autonomous status and was incorporated as administrative unit into the larger Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. Restructuring have implications for the political representation of communities, the spatial extension of service networks, priority areas, and the location of service provision points. / In hierdie studie is die verband tussen politieke besluitneming, ruimtelike verandering en die lewering van geselekteerde munisipale dienste ondersoek. Wetgewing en beleid, ruimtelike afbakening en plaaslikeowerheidstrukture word deur politieke besluitneming op verskillende regeringsvlakke bepaal. Die internasionale sisteem, asook plaaslike historiese gebeure en aanleidende faktore tot ruimtelike verandering het 'n impak op beide munisipale afbakening en dienslewering. Demografiese verandering as gevolg van die herbepaling van grense, verdigting binne die regsgebied en immigrasie impliseer dat diensbehoeftes verander. Landelike en residensiele gebiede is in 1994/5 by die voormalige Verwoerdburg geinkorporeer om die Suidelike Pretoria Metropolitaanse Substruktuur (Centurion) te vorm. In Desember 2000 het die Stadsraad van Centurion sy outonome status verloor en is as administratiewe eenheid by die groter Tshwane Metropolitaanse Munisipaliteit geinkorporeer. Herstrukturering het implikasies vir die politieke verteenwoordiging wat gemeenskappe geniet, die ruimtelike uitbreiding van diensnetwerke, prioriteitsgebiede en die plasing van dienstevoorsieningspunte. / Geography / M.A. (Geografie)