1 This thesis concerns separation axioms in point-free topology. We introduce a notion of weak inclusion, which is a relation on a frame that is weaker than the relation ≤. Weak inclusions provide a uniform way to work with standard separation axioms such as subfitness, fitness, and regularity. Proofs using weak inclusions often bring new insight into the nature of the axioms. We focus on results related to the axiom of subfitness. We study a sublocale which is defined as the intersection of all the codense sublocales of a frame. We show that it need not be subfit. For spacial frames, it need not be spacial.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-04T20:21:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Rodrigues de Souza - 2011.pdf: 811510 bytes, checksum: 464a663fb8c34a06e530d56ffa881cf1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2017-07-07T19:30:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Rodrigues de Souza - 2011.pdf: 811510 bytes, checksum: 464a663fb8c34a06e530d56ffa881cf1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T19:30:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Leonardo Rodrigues de Souza - 2011.pdf: 811510 bytes, checksum: 464a663fb8c34a06e530d56ffa881cf1 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-05 / This research is about the guarantee of access to Justice and its fulfillment at the Special Court. It has the aim of discussing the Special Court‘s ―Access to Justice‖ intention concerning the procedures usually performed from analyses of court rulings, based on studies of How to do things with words, by J. L. Austin (1976). Firstly, this study presents the conceptual evolution of the expression ―access to Justice‖, considered as a synonym for ―access to the Judiciary‖. It also brings information about the creation, settlement and aims of the Special Court; it also points out hindrances to effective access to Justice and mentions the main movements in Brazil for the access to Justice. The second chapter deals with the struggling for simplifying legal language started at a campaign organized by the Magistrates‘ Association in Brazil in 2005 and debated at the Chamber of Deputies by the 7,448/2006 Law Project. The appeal for simplifying legal language is part of a set of actions which intend the access to Justice by a higher number of people for the solving of conflicts. With views to the ―access to Justice‖ at Special Courts, brought to life Law 9,099/95 (which created it), as well as the court rulings given, we have a third chapter, in which the relation between the ―intentional‖ and the ―conventional‖ is discussed - where the ―intentional‖ is about the promise of access to Justice, made by our Constitution and by Law no. 9,099/95, and the ―conventional‖ is about the usual rules and procedures expressed in the various speech-acts present in court rulings, whose effects have worked as hindrances to Justice. This discussion was based on the study of J. L. Austin‘s speech acts, which worked as a reference for the thoughts further described. The pragmatic analyses of ruling courts indicate that specific conditions are needed for the efficacious access to Justice in the Special Court, such as simplifying the use of ritual language, once the Special Court is a special form of court, which values orality, simplicity, informality, etc. However, the Special Court, the way it has worked in Brazil, does not fulfill the promise of access to Justice, since the presupposed conditions for the performing of judicial acts dissent between the intention of the law and the hearing convention in the court. / Esta pesquisa aborda a promessa de acesso à Justiça e seu cumprimento nos Juizados Especiais. O objetivo é discutir a intenção de ―acesso à Justiça‖ do Juizado Especial em relação aos procedimentos convencionalmente aceitos a partir da análise de sentenças judiciais, com fundamento nos estudos de atos de fala, de J.L. Austin (1976). O trabalho apresenta, num primeiro momento, a evolução conceitual da expressão ―acesso à Justiça‖, considerada sinônimo de acesso ao Judiciário; informa sobre a criação, instalação e objetivos do Juizado Especial; aponta os obstáculos para que se alcance efetivamente a Justiça e faz menção aos principais movimentos de acesso à Justiça desenvolvidos no Brasil. O segundo capítulo se ocupa do movimento pela simplificação da linguagem jurídica iniciado na campanha da Associação dos Magistrados do Brasil/AMB em 2005 e discutido na Câmara dos Deputados por meio do Projeto de Lei n.º 7.448/2006. A proposta de simplificação da linguagem jurídica faz parte de um conjunto de ações que busca garantir que um maior número de pessoas acione o Judiciário para a solução de seus conflitos. Tendo em vista a intenção de ―acesso à Justiça‖ do Juizado Especial, materializada na sua lei de criação (Lei n.º 9.099/95), bem como as sentenças judiciais nele proferidas, elaborou-se o terceiro capítulo, no qual foi discutida a relação entre o intencional e o convencional, onde o intencional corresponde à promessa de acesso ao Judiciário, introduzida pela Constituição Federal e pela Lei n.º 9.099/95, e o convencional corresponde ao conjunto de regras e procedimentos habituais expressos nos diversos atos de fala presentes na sentença judicial, cujos efeitos têm sido de obstáculo ao Judiciário. Essa discussão fundamentou-se nos estudos de atos de fala de J.L. Austin, que se constituiu referencial para as reflexões aqui suscitadas. A análise pragmática das sentenças judiciais aponta que, para a efetivação do acesso à Justiça no Juizado Especial, são necessárias condições específicas de felicidade como, por exemplo, simplificação da linguagem ritualizada, uma vez que o Juizado é uma forma especializada de jurisdição que preza pela oralidade, simplicidade, informalidade etc. No entanto, o Juizado Especial, nos moldes em que tem funcionado no Brasil, não cumpre a promessa de acesso à Justiça, pois as condições pressupostas para a realização dos atos judiciais se divergem entre a intenção da lei e a convenção da audiência no Juizado.

Die Arbeit hat das Ziel, auf der Grundlage der natürlichen Standortfaktoren die Entwicklung der Getreideproduktion zwischen den Jahren 1900 und 2000 aufzuzeigen. Dabei sollen die Betrachtungszeiträume historischen Ereignissen, die Rahmenbedingungen für die Produktion bilden, angepasst werden. Für die recht unterschiedlichen Zeiträume werden für die einzelnen Getreidearten die Erträge ermittelt und der jeweils erzielte lineare Ertragsanstieg errechnet. Daran schließt sich dann eine Darstellung des spezifischen Produktionsverfahrens an, um die Ursachen für den erzielten Ertragsanstieg in der jeweiligen Periode aufzuzeigen. Die Verfahrensanalyse erstreckt sich auf die Einordnung in die Fruchtfolge, die Bodenbearbeitung und Bestellung, sowie auf die Düngung, Pflege und Ernte. Die Maßnahmen des Pflanzenschutzes werden nur sehr allgemein im Rahmen der Pflege des Getreides behandelt und die Züchtung begrenzt sich auf erforderliche Hinweise im Rahmen der Ertragsentwicklung. Es werden mehr die Einflüsse der klassischen acker- und pflanzenbaulichen Maßnahmen auf die Getreideproduktion im genannten Zeitraum innerhalb bestimmter Perioden, für die gleichen Rahmenbedingungen gelten, analysiert. Grundlage bilden die langjährigen Angaben über die Erträge der Getreidearten, die im Statistischen Landesamt vorliegen und Veröffentlichungen in Form von Lehrbüchern und Artikeln in Fachzeitschriften des zurückliegenden Jahrhunderts. Gewisse Probleme bereitet die Differenzierung zwischen Erkenntnisfortschritt und tatsächlicher Anwendung in der Praxis. Bestehende Disproportionen werden besonders bei dem Vergleich von Empfehlungen und statistischen Angaben zur Düngung offensichtlich, um ein charakteristisches Beispiel zu nennen. In der Arbeit wird an den betreffenden Stellen darauf hingewiesen. Neben diesen Quellen wurden für Zeiten mit eingeschränkten Publikationsnachweisen noch ältere Landwirte als Zeitzeugen befragt. Dadurch konnten wesentliche Lücken geschlossen werden. Im Ergebnis der analytischen Betrachtung sollen Lösungen für die Getreideproduktion der kommenden Jahre in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern aufgezeigt werden. Dabei wird dem Getreideanbau auf den Grenzstandorten besondere Beachtung zugemessen. / The objective of this work is to demonstrate the development of cereal production between 1900 and 2000 based on natural site-specific factors. In so doing, the periods under consideration are to be studied in correlation with the historical events that formed the framework conditions for production. For each of the various periods, the yields for individual cereal types shall be determined and the respective linear increases in yield shall be calculated. This will be followed by a representation of specific production procedures in order to demonstrate the reasons for the increases in yield for each period. The procedural analysis will cover the categories of crop rotation, soil preparation and treatment, fertilisation, care of crops and harvesting. Crop protection measures will only be touched on generally as is relevant to the care of cereals, and the consideration of cultivation will be limited to necessary indications pertaining to yield development. The work shall, instead, focus on the analysis of the influences of traditional agricultural and horticultural measures on cereal production in the aforementioned period within certain timeframes in which the same framework conditions are present. The basis for this study is formed by several years' worth of data on various cereal yields available from the national statistics office as well as textbook publications and articles in trade publications from the previous century. Certain problems arise when differentiating between the acquisition of knowledge and the actual widespread application thereof. To name a typical example, existing disproportions become particularly obvious when comparing recommendations and statistical details for fertilisation. References shall be made to such discrepancies where appropriate. In addition to theses sources, older generation farmers have been polled as witnesses of time periods for which limited data was available in the form of publications. This approach enabled significant gaps in information to be filled. The objective of these analytical results is to indicate solutions for future cereal production in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Special consideration will be given to the cultivation of cereals in border locations.

1 ABSTRACT This final thesis is focused on the description of the specific conditions of the current development of regional education in Prague and the Central Bohemia Region. This is particularly true in relation to the use and creation of basic conceptual documents (long- term Plan for Education and the Educational System in the City of Prague and Central Bohemia Region) and other policy materials created for specific regional education in the City of Prague and Central Bohemia Region. The aim of this final thesis is to describe the specific fundamental conditions for the development of regional education in each region, the specific shared conditions of City of Prague and Central Bohemia Region. The final thesis also describes the current functioning of regional education in terms of financing, legislation and some decision-making responsibilities of local governments - municipalities and regions. The aim of this thesis is also to find common requirements and recommendations of a shared approach to solving problems in regional education in the City of Prague and Central Bohemia Region. KEYWORDS Regional education, preschool education, elementary education, secondary education, education funding long-term plan for education, specific conditions of education, Strategy 2020, City of Prague, Central Bohemia...

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