The purpose of the study has been to analyze the rhetoric of Malcolm X with Kenneth Burke's dramatistic pentad in order to gain a better understanding of Malcolm X's rhetorical strategies in providing answers to given situations. One speech, determined to be typical of Malcolm X during the last phase of his life, was chosen for the analysis. It was the speech delivered on December 20, 1964, during the visit of Mrs. Fannie Lou Hamer, Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party candidate for the Senate.

Thirty years of empirical research on visual aids have produced inconsistent results--perhaps because the quality and color of those visuals were inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to determine what effects quality and color of instructional transparencies used in an informative speech have on listener recall and attitudes toward speaker and speech. A total of 709 community college and university students in 36 intact classes were randomly assigned to one of four visual treatment groups (poor-quality black/white, high-quality black/white, poor-quality color, or high-quality color) or one of two control groups (no-speech or no-visuals). A videotaped speech was projected onto a large screen at the right of the room; visual aids (each shown for approximately 30 seconds) were projected onto another screen set immediately to the left. Recall was measured by a 10-item multiple choice test; attitude toward speech and speaker were each measured by six seven-item semantic differential scales. Analysis of variance indicated that the type of transparencies used in an informative speech have a definite effect on immediate recall and attitude toward the speech, but no effect on attitude toward speaker. All four treatment groups scored significantly higher on recall than the no-speech and no-visual control groups. Log percent of change showed poor color to produce the lowest scores (still 13% better than control) and quality color to produce the highest scores (19.5'% better). Analysis found listeners to have a more positive attitude toward the speech when quality color, quality black/white, or poor black/white visuals were used. It appears that any visual (even a poor quality one) produces better recall than no visuals. Speakers with the time to produce quality visuals should add color; speakers who pay little attention to quality would be advised to use black/white visuals. Implications for future research are suggested.

Étude comparative des discours de guerre de David Lloyd George et Winston ChurchillObjets de communication, voire de propagande, les discours de guerre ont pris une place prépondérante au cours du 20ème siècle grâce aux valeurs idéologiques qu’ils véhiculent et à leur portée, à l’heure de la communication de masse. Art millénaire, la prise de parole en public obéit à des codes, la rhétorique, afin de transmettre au mieux un message qui, en temps de guerre, peut s’avérer décisif.Le siècle dernier a été le théâtre de deux conflits mondiaux qui ont vu les puissances démocratiques s’opposer à des régimes autoritaires. Si les démocraties ont triomphé au final, le système politique de ces pays a toutefois dû évoluer, temporairement, avec l’émergence de leaders charismatiques. Cette thèse vise à étudier les discours de guerre de deux de ces leaders, David Lloyd George et Winston Churchill, Premiers ministres du seul pays qui, tout au long des deux guerres mondiales, est resté ferme face à la menace totalitaire. Ils ont tous deux apporté une vision nouvelle où ils ont tenté de dépasser l’approche politique traditionnelle britannique en centralisant le pouvoir et en essayant d’incarner leur pays.Deux guerres mondiales ont produit deux Premiers ministres britanniques aux pouvoirs accrus, à la personnalité très forte et au talent oratoire inégalé. Cependant, le destin politique et la mémoire collective des deux hommes, malgré leur victoire, sont diamétralement opposés. Lloyd George est devenu Premier ministre lorsque son parti a remporté les élections de 1918 et s’est maintenu aux rênes du pouvoir jusqu’en 1922. Churchill, lui, a subi une cuisante défaite en 1945 et a dû attendre 1951 pour redevenir Premier ministre, de façon démocratique cette fois-ci. Sur le long terme, la situation s’inverse. Lloyd George est presque sorti de la mémoire collective alors que Churchill reste une figure héroïque en Grande-Bretagne, et dans le monde anglo-saxon en général.Notre étude cherche à comprendre si ces destins en miroir peuvent être expliqués par les discours que les deux hommes ont prononcés durant leur mandat en temps de guerre. La comparaison entre leurs discours nous permettra de mieux comprendre leur leadership respectif ainsi que les mythes politiques qu’ils ont développés. C’est dans ces mythes, totalement différents, que nous trouverons la réponse à nos interrogations. / Comparative study of David Lloyd George’s and Winston Churchill’s war speechesAs objects of communication, even of propaganda, war speeches acquired a leading role in the 20th century thanks to the ideological values they carry and the impact they have, at the time of mass communication. As an ancient art, public speaking obeys the rules of rhetoric, so as to best convey a message, which, in wartime, might prove decisive.Two worldwide conflicts in which democratic powers faced authoritarian regimes occurred last century. If democracies eventually won, their political systems had to evolve, temporarily, thanks to the emergence of charismatic leaders. This thesis aims to study the war speeches of two of these leaders, David Lloyd George and Winston Churchill, the Prime Ministers of the only country which, throughout the two wars, stood firm against the totalitarian threat. They both came up with a new vision in which they tried to go beyond the traditional British political approach by centralizing power and embodying their nation.Two world wars produced two British Prime Ministers with augmented powers, strong personalities and unrivalled oratory talent. However, their political destinies and the different ways they are remembered, in spite of their victories, are completely different. Lloyd George became Prime Minister when his party won the 1918 general election and he managed to wield power until 1922. Churchill, on the other hand, suffered a terrible defeat in 1945 and he had to wait until 1951 to be Prime Minister once again, this time democratically. In the long run, the opposite is true. Lloyd George is almost wiped off from collective memory whereas Churchill has remained a heroic figure in Great Britain, and in the Anglo-Saxon world at large.Our study seeks to understand if these mirror destinies can be accounted for by the speeches the two men delivered during their wartime premierships. Comparing their speeches will help us better understand their respective leaderships and the political myth each of them developed. In both myths, which are totally different, we will find the answers to our questions.

Te Ao o te Whaikōrero, the �world of Māori oratory�, explores the complexity of ̂Māori oratory, both past and present. What makes whaikōrero more than merely a theatrical speech is the origin and function of the various components, the rites associated with the selection and qualification of its exponents, and its delivery. This thesis delves into the underlying philosophies inherent in whaikōrero which impact on, and are influenced by, a diverse range of systems within the Māori world, its culture, etiquette, and belief system. We must also recognise the effect of colonisation and urbanisation on Māori practices. Whaikōrero is tragically undermined by some of its �performers� and observers alike, and possibly, through ignorance, arrogance and complacency, a sense of disregard has developed about its true value. The effect of this is whaikōrero of inferior quality. With this in mind, this thesis expounds the �underlying philosophies� of whaikōrero through both oral and literary sources, as well as objective and subjective discussion. The chapters illustrate the inter-tribal, intra-tribal, and individual variations which make each delivery of whaikōrero unique. The thesis begins with the origin of whaikōrero, after which modes of learning and the acquisition of whaikōrero are discussed. This provides the basis to discuss the locations where whaikōrero takes place and who is permitted to deliver whaikōrero. Having designated the people to deliver whaikōrero and their �space� for delivery there is an exploration of the speaker, and the attributes which qualify a particular individual, or the type of delivery that is acceptable. The issue of �quality�, or lack of it, is of paramount importance in terms of the mana of the individual performer, and the people (s)he represents. The range of information discussed up to this point is historical and tracks the evolution of whaikōrero to the present; the conclusion, therefore, also addresses some of the issues raised which are potentially challenging in regard to current adherence to custom and etiquette. This opens the window into the future of whaikōrero, and what adaptations may lie ahead. Perhaps with broader, and more in-depth discussion, and in particular, the explanation of the diversity of whaikōrero, this thesis will provide a) a means by which the spirit of older whaikōrero can be reinvested in the modern context by current and potential orators, and b) raise the awareness of speakers whereby they themselves can seek excellence in their own whaikōrero. Perhaps with an invigorated approach to both the delivery, observance, and a more informed appreciation of whaikōrero, there will be a resurgence of excellence in whaikōrero.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 124 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-120).

Te Ao o te Whaikōrero, the �world of Māori oratory�, explores the complexity of ̂Māori oratory, both past and present. What makes whaikōrero more than merely a theatrical speech is the origin and function of the various components, the rites associated with the selection and qualification of its exponents, and its delivery. This thesis delves into the underlying philosophies inherent in whaikōrero which impact on, and are influenced by, a diverse range of systems within the Māori world, its culture, etiquette, and belief system. We must also recognise the effect of colonisation and urbanisation on Māori practices. Whaikōrero is tragically undermined by some of its �performers� and observers alike, and possibly, through ignorance, arrogance and complacency, a sense of disregard has developed about its true value. The effect of this is whaikōrero of inferior quality. With this in mind, this thesis expounds the �underlying philosophies� of whaikōrero through both oral and literary sources, as well as objective and subjective discussion. The chapters illustrate the inter-tribal, intra-tribal, and individual variations which make each delivery of whaikōrero unique. The thesis begins with the origin of whaikōrero, after which modes of learning and the acquisition of whaikōrero are discussed. This provides the basis to discuss the locations where whaikōrero takes place and who is permitted to deliver whaikōrero. Having designated the people to deliver whaikōrero and their �space� for delivery there is an exploration of the speaker, and the attributes which qualify a particular individual, or the type of delivery that is acceptable. The issue of �quality�, or lack of it, is of paramount importance in terms of the mana of the individual performer, and the people (s)he represents. The range of information discussed up to this point is historical and tracks the evolution of whaikōrero to the present; the conclusion, therefore, also addresses some of the issues raised which are potentially challenging in regard to current adherence to custom and etiquette. This opens the window into the future of whaikōrero, and what adaptations may lie ahead. Perhaps with broader, and more in-depth discussion, and in particular, the explanation of the diversity of whaikōrero, this thesis will provide a) a means by which the spirit of older whaikōrero can be reinvested in the modern context by current and potential orators, and b) raise the awareness of speakers whereby they themselves can seek excellence in their own whaikōrero. Perhaps with an invigorated approach to both the delivery, observance, and a more informed appreciation of whaikōrero, there will be a resurgence of excellence in whaikōrero.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1910.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1989. / Photocopied material. "Order number 9032974." eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. [353]-366).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1989. / Photocopied material. "Order number 9032974." Includes bibliographical references (p. [353]-366).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1961. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.