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The technology of Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN) is getting mature.Even the INTEL,Co developed the WLAN chip (Centrino) that can be embedded in laptops or PDAs. So that , the chip could upgrade the device of the efficiency of WLAN and increase the number of the users. Recently, the WLAN has been a very hot issue, but most of the studies that have been done are concerned with the technique perspective¡Bproperty perspective and strategy; very little research has been conducted to investigate the consumer perspective. Therefore, for saving the resources and enhancing the quality of the WLAN¡¦s research, the purpose of this study is to explore the network users¡¦ acceptance after implement the system based on ¡§the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology¡¨(UTAUT). The results of this research indicate that (1) there are 4 key components extracted: ¡uPerformance Expectancy¡v¡B¡uEffort Expectancy¡v¡B¡uSocial Influence¡v and¡uFacilitating Condition¡v;(2) ¡uPerformance Expectancy¡vand¡uEffort Expectancy¡v influence employee¡¦s behavior intention significantly . That is, we can use the model to predict the network users¡¦ behavior onUsing WLAN. On the other hand, this study is also investigate the effect after implement WLAN and made the suggestions to development of Govermant or ISP suppliers in future.

Abstract In today¡¦s worldwide economy, to stay competitive a company needs to take advantage of every opportunity to lower their costs, to increase margins and realize the saving that can come from doing business overseas. Today trillions of dollars in the currencies trade everyday in markets around the world. The currency markets are considered to be one of the most efficient markets. As companies dealing with import and export, they have exposure to currencies risk. The increasing difficulty in understanding exchange rate determination has led to for corporations how to approach the currency hedging decision. The importance of financial and operational hedges as tools for managing foreign-currency exposure is examined. In this thesis, the three basic methods for evaluating the currency risks are with the use of the spot rate method, the future rate method and the currency options. The results are summarized as follow: 1. In terms of currency exposure, the sport rate method leaves the currency exposure un-hedged. Futures and the options hedge technique are most widely used and the information to evaluate the use of these instruments as a hedging tool is readily available. Still, the less efficiency method is the future rate method. The most effective approach is the currency options, have the advantage of more flexibility than the future rate. 2. By comparison with the future rate and currency options, the future rate is determinate by swap point, the negative connotations attached to its disadvantage is the ¡§fixed currency rate¡¨. No matter the currency moves toward company¡¦s favor or unflavored, the funds to fulfill the forward contract will be exercised in maturity date. Other than the future rate hedge, the currency options are based upon the ¡§Buy Call¡¨. Within a certain period in the future, when currency rate is moving toward currency¡¦s profit or loss, the company could decide to exercise or give up the ¡§Buy Call¡¨. The difference is that the currency option hedge is determined by the ¡§Right to Exercise Buy Call¡¨ or ¡§Right No to Exercise Buy Call¡¨ which give company more flexibility in FX hedging. In conclusion, the re-thinking of currency hedging is conservative because it is single-mindedly focused on risk-reducing approaches to exchange rate risk management.

Given the role electricity and natural gas sectors play in the North American economy, an understanding of how markets for these commodities interact is important. This dissertation independently characterizes the price dynamics of major electricity and natural gas spot markets in North America by combining directed acyclic graphs with time series analyses. Furthermore, the dissertation explores a generalization of price difference bands associated with the law of one price. Interdependencies among 11 major electricity spot markets are examined in Chapter II using a vector autoregression model. Results suggest that the relationships between the markets vary by time. Western markets are separated from the eastern markets and the Electricity Reliability Council of Texas. At longer time horizons these separations disappear. Palo Verde is the important spot market in the west for price discovery. Southwest Power Pool is the dominant market in Eastern Interconnected System for price discovery. Interdependencies among eight major natural gas spot markets are investigated using a vector error correction model and the Greedy Equivalence Search Algorithm in Chapter III. Findings suggest that the eight price series are tied together through sixlong-run cointegration relationships, supporting the argument that the natural gas market has developed into a single integrated market in North America since deregulation. Results indicate that price discovery tends to occur in the excess consuming regions and move to the excess producing regions. Across North America, the U.S. Midwest region, represented by the Chicago spot market, is the most important for price discovery. The Ellisburg-Leidy Hub in Pennsylvania and Malin Hub in Oregon are important for eastern and western markets. In Chapter IV, a threshold vector error correction model is applied to the natural gas markets to examine nonlinearities in adjustments to the law of one price. Results show that there are nonlinear adjustments to the law of one price in seven pair-wise markets. Four alternative cases for the law of one price are presented as a theoretical background. A methodology is developed for finding a threshold cointegration model that accounts for seasonality in the threshold levels. Results indicate that dynamic threshold effects vary depending on geographical location and whether the markets are excess producing or excess consuming markets.

This thesis proposes a novel structure to realize the monolithic integra-tion of optical spot-size converter (SSC) and high-speed electroabsorption modulator (EAM). The SSC is based on a scheme of coupled asymmetric waveguide fabricated by tapered undercut waveguide. Using a selectively undercut-etching-active-region (UEAR), the laterally tapered undercut ac-tive waveguide (LTUAWG) can be processed from a wide tapered ridge waveguide using in situ control to avoid submicron photolithography as well as complex processing, such as selective area growth, selective area etching and re-growth. By monolithically integrating EAM and SSC, the EAM waveguide width can be beneficial from scaling down the waveguide size for enhancing the EAM bandwidth, while the optical coupling loss from single mode fiber can still be kept low. In this finished SSC-integrated EAM, a 1-dB misalignment tolerance of ¡Ó2.9£gm (horizontal) and ¡Ó2.2 £gm (vertical) is obtained from SSC side, which is better than the results, ¡Ó1.9£gm (horizontal) and ¡Ó1.6£gm (vertical), from EAM side. The measured far-field angles for SSC and EAM are 6.0 (horizontal) ∗ 9.3 (vertical) and 11 (horizontal) ∗ 20 (vertical) respectively. As low as mode transfer loss of -1.6 dB is obtained in such SSC. All the simulation results are quite fitted with the experiment results, realizing the function of SSC by LTUAWG. The fabricated EAM waveguide width is 2.5 £gm, leading to over 40 GHz of -3-dB electrical-to-optical (EO) response. The high efficient SSC integrated with high-speed EAM suggests that the LTUAWG technique can have potential for applications in high-speed optoelectronic fields.

This work aims to assess the development of competition in the electricity industry of England and Wales, emphasising one of the key elements of the restructured industry, the pool - a centralised day ahead electricity spot market. The pool's structure is examined, along with the relationship that the pool has with the market for electricity forward contracts. However, the key to this work is the relationship between the major electricity generators and the industry's regulator. This is introduced through two theoretical models, and undertaken through a series of econometric models using pool prices, forward prices, electricity demand, and the sharep rices of the major generators: National Power and Powergen. The work tests the hypotheses put forward by Green( 1992) and Helm & Powell (1992) of an inverse relationship between the volume of output that a generator sells forward through contracts and the general level of pool prices. The break-up of the first and second sets of forward contracts - which expired in 1991 and 1993 - and their impact on pool prices are assessed By using the market model, this work examines the impact of a series of both regulatory and nonregulatory events on the share returns of National Power and Powergen. Given the existence of spot and forward markets for electricity, one would expect a relationship between the prices in these markets The relationship is examined for England and Wales by a synthetic data set that approximates the prices at which the contracts were sold. The relationship is then examined using actual and forecast electricity prices for California, this latter analysis forming part of an overview of electricity deregulation in America. Ultimately, this research hopes to add to the growing amount of material on energy privatisation - a topic that continues to promote interest and controversy in academic and industrial circles.

Thesis (Ph.D. 1974) from the Department of Plant Pathology, University of Adelaide.

Th. doct.--Signal et images--Paris--ENST, 1992. / Bibliogr. 167-181. Résumé en français et en anglais.

Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 2001. / Computerdatei im Fernzugriff.

Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 2001. / Computerdatei im Fernzugriff.