Title: Motivation football players under influence of level of competition and loading level Objectives: The first aim of this study is to describe the motivation of football players. The second aim is to find out how players' motivational structure changes depending on the level of gaming. The third aim of the thesis is to verify the hypotheses regarding the motivation structure and their changes on the set criteria. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The data was obtained using the Czech version of the Sport motivation scale. Relationships between motivation and the monitored variables (belonging to the given team - level of competition, gaming load) were evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Comparison of motivation at clubs at different levels of competition was performed using the t-test. By comparison, the data were compared with the results of other relevant studies. Results: On a given sample (n = 50), we found a correlation of the positive and the negative direction. At the alpha level of 0.1, a negative amortization correlation was found at the descending team level (R = 0.26; p-value = 0.07). A similar result was given by the result of the t-test, when we found a significant difference between the players from AC Sparta Praha and non-selective clubs (T = 2.8;...

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-04-04T18:02:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Solange Pukaro.pdf: 2200944 bytes, checksum: f955532ec42d2448438976bd89d7c367 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-04T18:02:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Solange Pukaro.pdf: 2200944 bytes, checksum: f955532ec42d2448438976bd89d7c367 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-10 / The study pointed the impact of Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro (2016) in the destination image and in the country image, and consequentently in the visit intention and in the purchase intention of produtcs made in Brazil. This subject is important, because all the media around the world had debated about Brazil and Rio Janeiro hosted the Olympic Games, due to the Political and Economic Crisis. By means of a longitudinal study with online survey, conducted two months before and two months after the Olympic Games with the same group of domestic tourist and foreign (n=837), the research show what is the change in country image and destination image, after the Olympic Games. The Olympic Games image and the Sport Motivation were analyzed as influencing elements in the Destination Image and in Country Image. Besides that, as the study was made with domestic tourists and foreign tourists as was posible analyze spatial distancing could change as the tourist typology as and showed some diferences in destination image and country image. There are 837 answers in total, 330 answers was domestic tourists in the first phase and in the second phase, 190 domestic tourists of this 330 answered the same questionarie. And 203 answers was from the group of international tourists in the first phase and 105 of this group answered in the second phase. All the data was analysed by the software smartPLS and the comparison was made by Test T Student. As a result of the study, the Sport Motivation had positive influence accepted in the event image, destination image and in the country image. The event image also had a positive relationship accepted with Destination Image and Country Image; just like Destination Image had positive influence in the Visit Intention. The Country Image and Destination Image also had positive influence in the purchase intention acceped by the test. Although, the country image hadn´t had a positive influence in the visit intetion and was rejected. In the end, was verified a positive change in the Country Image and Destionation Image, after the Olympic Games. The more interesting conclusion was that there weren´t change in Country Image to foreign tourists after the Olympic Games. As academic contribution, there are the analyse of the diferent impressions of Image as the change in the spatial distancing (following tourist typology) and the Sport Motivation influencing the Destination Image and Country Image. Besides the result, there were a management contribution, because the results could be the reason to host the Olympic Games due to the change in the Destination Image after the Olympic Game. Also, the research showed an Olympic Games operating model. / Este estudo avalia o impacto dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016 do Rio de Janeiro, na imagem do destino, do país, e consequentemente na intenção de visita à cidade e na compra de produtos produzidos no Brasil. O tema é contemporâneo, já que as mídias em todo mundo discutiram o fato de o Brasil e o Rio de Janeiro sediarem os Jogos Olímpicos do Rio em 2016, isso por causa da crise política e financeira do país. A partir de uma pesquisa longitudinal, com questionário on-line aplicado dois meses antes e dois meses após os Jogos Olímpicos com os mesmos turistas domésticos e turistas estrangeiros (n= 837), buscou-se avaliar se houve mudança na imagem do país e na imagem do destino. A imagem dos Jogos Olímpicos e a motivação para o esporte foram analisados como agentes influenciadores na imagem do destino e do país. Com este estudo, ao promover uma pesquisa com os turistas domésticos e estrangeiros analisou-se, de acordo com o distanciamento espacial, se houve diferença na avaliação da imagem do destino e do país. Foram 837 respondentes no total, sendo 330 respondentes de turistas domésticos na primeira fase, desses 190 participaram da segunda fase. Já nos turistas internacionais, obteve-se 203 respondentes na primeira fase e 105 desses turistas voltaram a participar na segunda fase da pesquisa. Os dados da pesquisa foram analisados por Modelagem de Equação Estrutual pelo software smartPLS e a comparação de imagens foi realizada pelo Test T Student no software SPSS 20. Como resultado da pesquisa, tem-se que a motivação para o esporte teve influência positiva comprovada na imagem do evento, na imagem do destino e na imagem do país, assim como a imagem do destino teve influência positiva aceita na intenção de visita ao destino. A imagem do país e do destino também influenciaram positivamente a intenção de compra. Já a imagem do país não teve uma influência positiva comprovada na intenção de visita e sua hipótese foi não aceita. Por fim, comprovou-se que houve mudança positiva na imagem do país e destino após a realização dos Jogos Olímpicos. Um dos resultados da pesquisa aponta que não houve mudança da imagem do país após os Jogos Olímpicos por parte dos turistas estrangeiros. Como contribuição acadêmica tem-se a análise da diferença de elaboração da imagem de acordo com o distanciamento físico, seguindo a tipologia dos turistas e a influência da motivação com o esporte na imagem do destino e do país. De acordo com o resultado cria-se uma contribuição gerencial, já que fornece uma justificativa para sediar os Jogos Olímpicos pela melhoria de imagem.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka ifall det finns något samband mellan emotionell koppling till de sociala medieplattformarna Facebook, Instagram och TikTok och upplevdidrottsmotivation hos svenska styrkelyftare och bänkpressare. Samt ifall det finns några skillnader mellan könskategorier och tävlingsnivåer. Totalt deltog 93 personer (15-59 år) i studien varav 59 tävlande i kategori kvinna och 34 i kategori man. 32 deltagare tävlade på distriktsnivå, 38 på nationell nivå och 23 på internationell nivå. Data samlades in med hjälp av en webbenkät som i huvudsak baserades på de två befintliga frågeformulären Sport motivation scale-II (SMS-II) och The Multidimensional Facebook Intensity Scale (MFIS). Pearsons korrelationsanalys visade endast ett signifikant samband för TikTok ( p < .01) där en positiv korrelation fanns. Även bivariata regressionsanalyser visade endast ett signifikant resultat för TikTok (p < .01 & p < .001) som visade att en starkare koppling till plattformen kunde förutsäga en högre nivå av upplevd idrottsmotivation. Kovariansanalyser (ANCOVA) visade inga skillnader i emotionell koppling till plattformarna eller i upplevd idrottsmotivation mellan könskategorierna och tävlingsnivåerna. I denna studie upptäcktes positiva samband mellan emotionell koppling till sociala medier och upplevd idrottsmotivation och tidigare forskning har visat på både positiva och negativa effekter av sociala medier på idrottares motivation.Detta är något som kan vara relevant för idrottare, tränare och andra aktörer i idrottares närhet att vara medvetna om. / The aim of the study is to examine if there is a relation between the emotional connectednessto the social media platforms Facebook, Instagram and Tikok and the degree of perceived sports motivation in Swedish powerlifters and bench-press competitors. And if there are differences between gender categories and competition levels. In total the study had 93 participants (age 15-59) 59 competed in the women’s category and 34 in the men’s category. 32 participants competed at the regional level, 38 at the national level and 23 at the international level. Data was collected via an online questionnaire which was mainly based on the Sport motivation scale-II (SMS-II) and The Multidimensional Facebook Intensity Scale (MFIS). Pearson’s correlation test did only show a significant relation for TikTok ( p < .01) which showed a positive correlation. The same was the case for the bivariate regression analysis where also only a significant result for TikTok was found (p < .01 & p < .001) which showed that a strong emotional connectedness to TikTok could predict a high level of perceived sportsmotivation. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) showed no differences in emotional connectedness to the social media platforms or in perceived sports motivation between the gender categories and competition levels. This study showed a positive relation between emotional connectedness to social media and perceived sports motivation and previous research has shown both positive and negative effects of social media on sports motivation. This can be of relevance for the athletes themselves but also for coaches and other actors close to the athletes to be aware of.