The main purpose of this study is to deepen the knowledge of elite athletes termination of their sport careers. The study also tries to understand the reasons behind where the former elite athletes position themselves in the labor market. The empirical data consists of interviews with 8 former elite atheltes, who all ended their careers within the last five years. The data was analyzed in light of Pierre Bourdieus theory, cultural capital and the related field concept. Based on Bourdieu's concept of capital, we understand elite athletes careers as a capital accumulation by something we call the elite sports capital.   The results of this study indicates that the termination of´a sports career is a complex process, where it proved important to have the decision to terminate into their own hands. We have also been able to show differences in capital compositions between those who experienced anxiety about life after their sporting careers and those who did not. In cases where the termination of career was associated with feeling anxious, we could show that the level of concern was dependent on informants' equity compositions, in which the resource-poor tended to experience more anxiety than them with strong resources.   Common to those who stayed in the clear sports related careers after own sporting careers, was their capital composition. Their assets are mainly in elite sports capital, which refers to the exact position in the sports field. For those who positioned themselves outside the sports field, made up of their resources above all a cultural capital along with elite sports capital.

La thèse propose d’une part de questionner sociologiquement la reconversion comme catégorie d’analyse et, d’autre part, d’analyser des parcours de sportifs de haut niveau marocains pour vérifier par la preuve les différentes stratégies de reconversion. Dans la carrière des sportifs de haut niveau, l’arrêt de la pratique reste aléatoire car il est lié à plusieurs événements qui échappent en partie au sportif. La compréhension sociologique de l’arrêt de la pratique sportive puis de la reconversion nous conduit à étudier les carrières et les trajectoires sociales d’un échantillon de sportifs de haut niveau marocains afin d’expliquer les repositionnements personnels et sociaux et de comprendre les différentes stratégies de reconversion. Dès lors, grâce à l’enquête qualitative, plusieurs facteurs sont analysés : les trajectoires, les modes de socialisation et les parcours personnels des sportifs, les types de sport et leur impact symbolique et économique au Maroc, les croyances et le crédit moral accordé par l’institution sportive et la société marocaine aux sportifs de haut niveau, le rôle des parents dans le suivi de leur carrière, ou encore le niveau d’engagement des structures sportives et ministérielles dans l’accompagnement de la reconversion des sportifs de haut niveau. / The thesis proposes, on the one hand, to sociologically question transition as a category of analysis and, on the other hand, to analyze courses of high-level Moroccan sportsmen to verify by proof the different strategies of conversion. In the career of high level athletes, stopping the practice remains random because it is linked to several events that partly escape the athlete. The sociological understanding of the stopping of sport and then transition leads us to study the careers and social paths of a sample of high-level Moroccan athletes in order to explain personal and social repositioning and to understand the different strategies of transition. Therefore, thanks to this qualitative survey, several factors are analyzed: the paths, modes of socialization and personal course of the sportsmen, the types of sport and their symbolic and economic impact in Morocco, the beliefs and the moral credit granted by the sports institution and Moroccan society for high-level athletes, the role of parents in the monitoring of their career, or the level of commitment of sports and ministerial structures that accompany the retraining of top athletes.