Title: Analysis of sporting career of members of the cyclo-cross youth center Tábor Objectivess: The aim of my thesis is to find out what are the most common causes of the exodus of young children from SCM Tabor and to suggest how to prevent premature termination of a career. Methods: I used a systematic opinion poll asking as the main research method for data collection, using open and closed questions. For purpose of research sample, 27 cyclist were included as an active and inactive respondents from SCM Tabor. All respondents were male with the age range between 14-33 years old. I was sending out questionnaires via e-mail or I have met concerned respondents in person. Based on the answers I came up with results and I converted them into text and graphs in the thesis. Results: The results showed that most of young cyclists career end due to loss of motivation for training and for improving performance, thus responded 10 respondents, 45%. Six respondents, 27% of the total, pointed out as the reason for termination the failure in their sport career. Another two had as a reason to end financial problems in the family, furthermore one pointed out injury as a reason. Six parents of respondents had no sport history and three of them rather did not want their child to be a cyclist. For 26% of the...

Sports career (SC) is a term for the multiyear sports activities of the individual aimed at high sport achievements and self-improvement in sport. The analytical model of sports career considers it as a multiyear process certain stages and transitions. SC were identified: 1) the beginning of sport specialisation; 2) the transition to intensive training in the chosen kind of sport; 3) the transition to high achievement and adult sports; 4) the transition from the culmination to the end of SC and transition to the other professional career. Athletes have to solve „transitional problems“ in order to continue the SC successfully on the next stage. A failure in solving transitional problems leads to a crisis. The research showed that the most influence to choose the main kind of sport had the coach (95%). In the intensive training in the chosen kind of sport all respondents had the aim, after trainings felt tired (75%) and even 89% of respondents complained of injuries. Most of athletes (74%) noted that sometimes needed psychological support in competitions. Mostly in high achievement and adult sports (55%) changed the coach and every fifth athlete not always successfully collaborated with him, and also came into conflict with other members of the group (28%). In this stage was difficult to adjust sport activity and studies, sport activity and leisure, and also sport activity and job. Most coaches pointed that too early finished trainings by these reasons: difficult to adust... [to full text]

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-09T17:24:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marceloluisribeirosilvatavares.pdf: 22787298 bytes, checksum: 25aea17d3ba32fc8d1f0845831639bba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-10T12:02:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marceloluisribeirosilvatavares.pdf: 22787298 bytes, checksum: 25aea17d3ba32fc8d1f0845831639bba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-10T12:02:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marceloluisribeirosilvatavares.pdf: 22787298 bytes, checksum: 25aea17d3ba32fc8d1f0845831639bba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-14 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A partir do reconhecimento de que mulher e esporte são temas de interesse para o estudo da sociedade, destacamos como foco dessa dissertação as atletas do voleibol feminino da década de 1980, visando recuperar a potência dessa geração e descrever a trajetória das jogadoras que integravam a seleção feminina adulta de voleibol do Brasil de então, quando transformações profundas no cenário nacional marcaram a ascensão da equipe no cenário esportivo mundial. Além disso, pretendemos apontar os principais fatos que reforçaram a consolidação do esporte nesse período no Brasil, analisando o processo de inserção, permanência e aposentadoria das atletas no esporte que atuaram na década analisada e sua contribuição individual para a ascensão do voleibol no cenário nacional e internacional. Esta pesquisa foi construída a partir dos referenciais metodológicos da História Oral Temática e utilizou como instrumento um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, para orientar a conversa com onze jogadoras de voleibol, da década de 1980. A fim de articular e confrontar os dados, cotejamos as narrativas dessas atletas com outros documentos. Por fim, verificamos que esta geração de atletas contribuiu não apenas para a ascensão do voleibol no cenário esportivo brasileiro, mas também, para a profissionalização da modalidade; para a divulgação do esporte na grande mídia e para a quebra de mitos e tabus sobre a maternidade e a participação da mulher no esporte, e assim, na sociedade. / This dissertation recognizes the women in Sports as relevant issues to Social Studies, therefore it focus in the generation of female volleyball athletes during the 1980s in Brazil. It recovers the impact of this generation and describes the trajectory of the players that were part of the adult female volleyball team in Brazil in the 80’s decade; a period of profound transformations which marked the rise of the team on the world sports scene and the consolidation of the sport on the national scene. In addition, we aim to highlight the main facts that reinforced the consolidation of Brazilian volleyball throughout this period, analyzing the sports’ scouting process, the longevity and there tirement of these female athletes who played in that decade and also heir individual contribution to the rise of volleyball culture both nationally and internationally. This research was built from the methodological framework of the Thematic Oral History and used a semi-structured interview instrument script to guide the conversation with eleven volleyball players of the 1980s. In order to combine and contrast data we compare the narratives of these athletes with other documents. At last, we note that generation of athletes contributed not only to the rise of volleyball in the Brazilian sports scene, but also to the professionalization of the sport; to the promotion of the sport by mass media and it contributed to break many taboos about the maternity and the women's participation in sport, as in society.

The purpose of the study is to examine the participants experienced motivation during subeliteathletes careers, as well at the end of their career. The purpose is also to disclosewhich factors that influenced their decision to end their career in sports. In order to investigatethe purpose, twelve qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted. The participants inthe study were twelve former sub-elite athletes who were active in their sports between theages of 15-20. The result of this study revealed that sub-elite athletes experienced bothinner motivation and external motivation through their career. The result showed that theparticipants experianced inner motivation through the satisfaction of the three psychologicalbasic needs in SDT. The result showed that the participants experienced moore externalmotivationat their career end, this because the participants didn’t satisfy the three basicpsychological needs as before. The result also showed that there are various factors thatinfluenced the participants’ decision on a career end, for example; increased demands fromcoaches. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka sub-elitidrottares upplevelse av motivation underkarriären samt vid karriäravslutet. Syftet ämnar även att undersöka vilka faktorer subelitidrottarnaupplevde influerade deras beslut att avsluta sin idrottskarriär. För att undersökasyftet genomfördes tolv kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer. Deltagarna i studien var tolvföre detta sub-elitidrottare som varit aktiva idrottare mellan åldrarna 15–20. Resultatet frånstudien visade att sub-elitidrottarna upplevde både inre motivation och yttre motivation underderas karriär. Resultatet visade att deltagarna upplevde inre motivation genomtillfredsställelsen av de tre psykologiska grundbehoven inom SDT. Resultatet visade attdeltagarna upplevde mer yttre motivation vid deras karriäravslut, detta då deltagarna inteuppfyllde de tre psykologiska grundbehoven som tidigare. Resultatet visade även att det finnsmånga olika faktorer som influerade deltagarnas beslut om ett karriäravslut, t.ex. ökat kravfrån tränaren.

La thèse propose d’une part de questionner sociologiquement la reconversion comme catégorie d’analyse et, d’autre part, d’analyser des parcours de sportifs de haut niveau marocains pour vérifier par la preuve les différentes stratégies de reconversion. Dans la carrière des sportifs de haut niveau, l’arrêt de la pratique reste aléatoire car il est lié à plusieurs événements qui échappent en partie au sportif. La compréhension sociologique de l’arrêt de la pratique sportive puis de la reconversion nous conduit à étudier les carrières et les trajectoires sociales d’un échantillon de sportifs de haut niveau marocains afin d’expliquer les repositionnements personnels et sociaux et de comprendre les différentes stratégies de reconversion. Dès lors, grâce à l’enquête qualitative, plusieurs facteurs sont analysés : les trajectoires, les modes de socialisation et les parcours personnels des sportifs, les types de sport et leur impact symbolique et économique au Maroc, les croyances et le crédit moral accordé par l’institution sportive et la société marocaine aux sportifs de haut niveau, le rôle des parents dans le suivi de leur carrière, ou encore le niveau d’engagement des structures sportives et ministérielles dans l’accompagnement de la reconversion des sportifs de haut niveau. / The thesis proposes, on the one hand, to sociologically question transition as a category of analysis and, on the other hand, to analyze courses of high-level Moroccan sportsmen to verify by proof the different strategies of conversion. In the career of high level athletes, stopping the practice remains random because it is linked to several events that partly escape the athlete. The sociological understanding of the stopping of sport and then transition leads us to study the careers and social paths of a sample of high-level Moroccan athletes in order to explain personal and social repositioning and to understand the different strategies of transition. Therefore, thanks to this qualitative survey, several factors are analyzed: the paths, modes of socialization and personal course of the sportsmen, the types of sport and their symbolic and economic impact in Morocco, the beliefs and the moral credit granted by the sports institution and Moroccan society for high-level athletes, the role of parents in the monitoring of their career, or the level of commitment of sports and ministerial structures that accompany the retraining of top athletes.

Längdskidåkning är en av de mest krävande uthållighetsidrotterna där tävlingstiderna kan variera mellan tre minuter till närmare fyra timmar. Om en idrottsutövare ska nå toppen av sin förmåga krävs det vanligtvis att denne avsätter 20 till 30 timmar per vecka åt träning och tävling under flera års tid. Inom skidskytte behöver utövarna, utöver att vara duktiga längdskidåkare, dessutom bära ett gevär på ryggen och skjuta på måltavlor under högintensiv belastning. Syftet med studien var att kartlägga utövares upplevelser av avgörande och betydelsefulla faktorer för långa framgångsrika idrottskarriärer inom längdskidåkning och skidskytte. I studien användes en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer, där totalt nio individer deltog. Deltagarna hade tävlat på nationell eller internationell nivå inom längdskidåkning eller skidskytte under minst en tio årsperiod som seniorer. Ett antal övergripande betydelsefulla och avgörande faktorer för framgångsrika idrottskarriärer inom längdskidåkning kunde identifieras. Dessa var: träning och organisation, socioekonomiska faktorer, talang och genetisk potential samt återhämtning. För att nå nationella och internationella framgångar och bedriva en elitsatsning krävs inte bara många års träning, utan även stöd från omgivning i form av familj, tillgång till rätt kompetens och ekonomiskt bidrag eller lön. / Cross country skiing is one of the most demanding endurance sports where the duration of physical effort during a competitive event usually lasts from three minutes up to four hours, or sometimes even longer. To reach national or international elite level, an athlete generally needs to invest 20 to 30 hours of training a week over many years. In biathlon, an athlete not only has to be a good skier, but also be able to carry a rifle and shoot on targets during high intense work load. The aim of this study was to identify athletes' own experiences of the crucial factors that allow for long and successful sport careers in cross country skiing. The study was qualitatively orientated, where semi-structured interviews were used to collect the athlete's perceptions. In total, nine individuals with at least 10 years of competitive cross country skiing or biathlon experience as adults at national or internationallevel participated. The interviews revealed several factors that athletes believe are crucial for achieving long and successful careers. These factors were: 1. Training and organization, 2. Socioeconomic factors, 3. Talent and genetic potential and 4. Recovery. To maintain long and successful careers in cross country skiing, athletes perceive that in addition to factors associated with the training process, support from family, their team and sponsors play important roles.

The aim of this study is to describe the experience of social support among female elite athletes who combine handball with higher education, with the underlying purpose to describe these persons’ experience of the functions of the support. These functions are materialistic, informative and emotional. There are ten women in the ages 22 to 24 (M=23.1, S=0,83) participating in the study. The study uses a semi-structured interview, based on two articles that studied social support (Knight et al., 2018; Schaefer et al., 1981). The result was sorted in three categories: emotional support, materialistic support and informative support. The result showed that women experienced emotional support, especially affinity, in the dual career (DC). Materialistic support was experienced in terms of support thru adjustment from coach and university. However, materialistic support was also identified lacking. Lastly, informative support, in shape of information and guidance in dual career, was experienced missing. / Syftet med studien är att beskriva upplevelsen av socialt stöd hos kvinnliga elithandbollsspelare som kombinerar elitidrott med högre utbildning, med det underliggande syftet att beskriva dessa personers upplevelser av stödets funktioner, så som materiellt, informativt och känslomässigt. I studien deltog tio kvinnor i åldrarna 22-24 år (M=23,1, S=0,83). Studien använde en semistrukturerad intervju, som var baserad på två artiklar där socialt stöd studerats (Knight et al., 2018; Schaefer et al., 1981). Resultatet sorterades i tre kategorier; känslomässigt stöd, materiellt stöd och informativt stöd. Resultatet påvisar att kvinnorna upplevde känslomässigt stöd i dubbla karriären (DK), där framför allt samhörighet med andra upplevde stötta kvinnorna. Kvinnorna upplevde också materiellt stöd, i form av anpassningar från både tränare och universitet/högskolepersonal. Resultatet visar även att flera kvinnor upplevde att de saknade denna typ av materiellt stöd i deras DK. Till sist identifierades kvinnorna uppleva att de saknade även informativt stöd i form av vägledning och information i DK.