Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:06:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4329.pdf: 1652803 bytes, checksum: aad7f31afeb38bcd450c35fd9ed227be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-02 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The transactions volume increase brought the fraud increase, which result in a annual loss of billions of reais to all .nancial institutions in the world. Therefore, it.s very important the development of detection methods and fraud prevention. The di¢ cult in modeling this kind of data due the fact the data sets are extremely unbalanced. In this work, a bounded logit model will be proposed for fraud detection. It will also be discussed state- dependent sampling and compared with logit and bounded logit model performances. Two applications, one with a simulated data set and another with a real data set, will be presented. The Bayesian approach to these models will also be discussed. The data set analyses will be implemented in SAS and Winbugs software. / O aumento no volume de transações com cartões de crédito trouxe como consequência o aumento do número de fraudes, o que acarreta em uma perda de bilhões de reais anu- almente à todas instituições .nanceiras do mundo. Com isso é muito importante que metodologias de detecção e prevenção à fraude sejam desenvolvidas. A grande di.cul- dade na modelagem deste tipo de dados é que estes são extremamentes desbalanceados. Neste presente trabalho, será proposto o modelo logito limitado na detecção de fraude. Também será discutido as amostras do tipo state-dependent e comparado os desempenhos dos modelos logito e logito limitado. Duas aplicações, uma com um conjunto de dados simulados e outra com um conjunto de dados reais, serão apresentadas. A abordagem bayesiana para estes modelos também será discutida. As análises dos conjuntos de dados serão realizadas nos softwares SAS e Winbugs.

Cette thèse est dédiée à l'analyse de stabilité des systèmes à pas d'échantillonnage variable et à la commande dynamique de l'échantillonnage. L'objectif est de concevoir des lois d'échantillonnage permettant de réduire la fréquence d'actualisation de la commande par retour d'état, tout en garantissant la stabilité du système.Tout d'abord, un aperçu des récents défis et axes de recherche sur les systèmes échantillonnés est présenté. Ensuite, une nouvelle approche de contrôle dynamique de l'échantillonnage, "échantillonnage dépendant de l'état", est proposée. Elle permet de concevoir hors-ligne un échantillonnage maximal dépendant de l'état défini sur des régions coniques de l'espace d'état, grâce à des LMIs.Plusieurs types de systèmes sont étudiés. Tout d'abord, le cas de système LTI idéal est considéré. La fonction d'échantillonnage est construite au moyen de polytopes convexes et de conditions de stabilité exponentielle de type Lyapunov-Razumikhin. Ensuite, la robustesse vis-à-vis des perturbations est incluse. Plusieurs applications sont proposées: analyse de stabilité robuste vis-à-vis des variations du pas d'échantillonnage, contrôles event-triggered et self-triggered, et échantillonnage dépendant de l'état. Enfin, le cas de système LTI perturbé à retard est traité. La construction de la fonction d'échantillonnage est basée sur des conditions de stabilité L2 et sur un nouveau type de fonctionnelles de Lyapunov-Krasovskii avec des matrices dépendant de l'état. Pour finir, le problème de stabilisation est traité, avec un nouveau contrôleur dont les gains commutent en fonction de l'état du système. Un co-design contrôleur/fonction d'échantillonnage est alors proposé / This PhD thesis is dedicated to the stability analysis of sampled-data systems with time-varying sampling, and to the dynamic control of the sampling instants. The main objective is to design sampling laws that allow for reducing the sampling frequency of state-feedback control for linear systems while ensuring the system's stability.First, an overview of the recent problems, challenges, and research directions regarding sampled-data systems is presented. Then, a novel dynamic sampling control approach, "state-dependent sampling", is proposed. It allows for designing offline a maximal state-dependent sampling map over conic regions of the state space, thanks to LMIs.Various classes of systems are considered throughout the thesis. First, we consider the case of ideal LTI systems, and propose a sampling map design based on the use of polytopic embeddings and Lyapunov-Razumikhin exponential stability conditions. Then, the robustness with respect to exogenous perturbations is included. Different applications are proposed: robust stability analysis with respect to time-varying sampling, as well as event-triggered, self-triggered, and state-dependent sampling control schemes. Finally, a sampling map design is proposed in the case of perturbed LTI systems with delay in the feedback control loop. It is based on L2-stability conditions and a novel type of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals with state-dependent matrices. Here, the stabilization issue is considered, and a new controller with gains that switch according to the system's state is presented. A co-design controller gains/sampling map is then proposed