Studien är skriven på uppdrag av den studerade organisationen och är en del i det förbättringsarbete som organisationens HR-funktion genomför. Uppdraget har syftat till att undersöka avdelningschefers uppfattning gällande behovet av HR-stöd i deras arbete. Syftet specificeras utifrån studiens tre forskningsfrågor; (1) Vilka HR-uppgifter ansvarar avdelningscheferna över i deras arbete? (2) Inom vilka HR-uppgifter anser sig avdelningscheferna ha behov av stöd? (3) Hur kan behovet av stöd bemötas enligt avdelningscheferna? Vi har genomfört 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer med organisationens avdelningschefer. Resultatet av vår studie har visat att av de sex HR-uppgifter som avdelningschefer utför önskas stöd i fyra av dessa. Behovet av stöd varierar mellan och inom specifik HR-uppgift och bemötandet av detta behov önskas enligt avdelningscheferna ske via tydliggörande av rollerna och utifrån tre former av stöd; rådgivnings-, kunskaps- och avlastningsstöd. En organisering av HR bör därför bottna i vilket behov linjecheferna har utifrån vardera stödform och hur dessa kan variera. En förutsättning för detta är att  goda relationer skapas så att HR upplevs som tillgängliga där rollerna och förväntningarna är uttalade.

INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a growing public health concern with a pressing need for new diagnostic and disease activity biomarkers. Recently, studies have linked IBD disease factors to an imbalance in the gut’s reductive-oxidative (redox) defensive mechanisms and the resulting oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species. With this new paradigm, direct measurement of redox status in the body could be utilized as a novel biomarker of disease activity for patients with IBD. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study is to determine how gastrointestinal oxidative state relates to IBD disease activity. Additionally, this study aims to establish a reproducible and accurate measurement protocol for measuring redox status in the human body. METHODS: Patients with and without IBD admitted to Boston Children’s Hospital (Boston, MA) were enrolled in the study from October 2020 to February 2021. Stool and urine samples were collected from these patients and the oxidative status in these biosamples was measured via three redox measuring systems. RESULTS: Data suggests that relative stool oxidative state is more positive in patients with active disease states compared to controls. Also, a finalized protocol for the measurement of relative redox status in stool and urine was established in this study. CONCLUSION: With a reliable and accurate method of measurement established, the potential for relative redox status in the human body to serve as a predictive biomarker for IBD state is promising. Moving forward this study will focus on expanding the study’s size and types of samples to make more significant conclusions in the future. The usefulness of oxidative state in the body as a disease biomarker is just beginning to be realized.

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Determination of the concentration of α1 - antitrypsin in the stool is a diagnostic indicator of inflammatory diseases of the small and the large intestine, especially malabsorption syndrome. α1 - antitrypsin belongs to the family of plasma proteins with antiproteinase effect. α1 - antitrypsin is synthesized in liver, in small amount in macrophage and is a protease inhibitor of serine proteases sercected from neutrophils. α1 - antitrypsin is acute phase protein. Higher α1 - antitrypsin values are in early phase of inflammation associated with raised CRP and other pozitive acute phase proteins. Fecal α1 - antitrypsin clearance is a sensitive and specific marker of protein loss. For α1 - antitrypsin determination in stool samples ELISA method can be used. ELISA is noncompetetive immunoassay used to detect presence of antibody or an antigen in a sample. The aim of this work was to compare two ELISA sets (Immundiagnostik and Ridascreen) used for determination α1 - antitrypsin in the stool. Then examine stability of α1 - antitrypsin in the stool and in extract prepared from stool in various storing conditions temperature and time. After this establish this method as routine in laboratory. 20 patient stool samples were examined to compare ELISA sets. Samples were suggested to be α1 - antitrypsin...

Orientador: José Geraldo Trani Brandão / Coorientador: José Benedito Oliveira Amorim / Banca: Jose Elias Tomazini / Banca: Renato Rocha / Banca: Carlos Eduardo Sanches da Silva / Banca: Eliel Soares Orenha / Resumo: O dentista pertence a uma categoria que apresenta um alto índice de doenças osteomusculares associadas à sua prática, o que justifica o grande número de aposentadoria precoce. Ela traz consigo uma alta estatística de problemas localizados na coluna lombar, pescoço e ombros. Estes problemas estão associados com a postura estática, com a posição sentada adotada pela maioria dos dentistas e com a precisão visual e manual inerentes à tarefa que executam. Devido a esta necessidade de aproximação do campo operatório, o encosto do mocho odontológico deixa de cumprir seu principal papel de suporte para a coluna lombar. Tendo em vista este contexto, esta pesquisa objetivou desenvolver um novo conceito de mocho odontológico com apoio frontal (AF) a fim de verificar a influência deste na atividade elétrica dos músculos longuíssimos torácicos direito e esquerdo (LD e LE) e trapézios superiores direito e esquerdo (TD e TE) e na força aplicada nas partes do mocho. Para tanto foi projetado um AF para um mocho odontológico industrializado e o mesmo foi instrumentado com células de carga nas partes anterior e posterior do assento, no encosto e no AF. A partir disto foi verificada a distribuição da força no mocho odontológico simultaneamente à atividade elétrica dos músculos LD, LE, TD e TE através da eletromiografia (EMGS) durante um procedimento clínico realizado em um manequim odontológico. Participaram deste estudo 10 voluntários do sexo feminino, com idade média de 25,3 anos (±3,3), índice de massa corporal 22,3 kg/m² (± 2,4), sendo 9 destras e 1 sinistra. Durante o experimento as voluntárias realizaram o procedimento clínico restauração classe II de Black. Os resultados apontaram uma diferença estatística (p<0,05) para os músculos TD, TE e LD quando foi inserido o AF... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Dentists belong to a category that presents a high index of osteomuscular disorders associated with the practice, which justifies the large number of professionals who retire early from the profession. It brings with it high statistics of problems in the lumbar spine, neck and shoulders. These problems are associated with the static posture of the seated position adopted by most dentists along with visual and manual precision inherent to the task they perform. Because of this need to be close to the operative field, the backrest of the dental stool fails to fulfill its main role: to support the lumbar spine. Given this context, the research aimed to develop a new concept of a dental stool with a front support (FS) in order to verify it's influence on the electrical activity of the right and left longissimus thoracic muscles (RL and LL) and the right and left upper trapezius muscles (RT and LT), as well as the force applied to parts of the stool. In order to do so, an FS was designed for the dental stool and it was instrumented with load cells in the front and back of the seat, the backrest and the FS. From this, the distribution of force in the dental stool and the electrical activity of the RL, RT and LT muscles using electromyography (sEMG) were simultaneously verified during a medical procedure performed on a dental dummy. The study consisted of ten female volunteers, with an average age of 25.3 (±3.3), a body mass index of 22.3 kg/m² (±2.4), nine of whom were right-handed and one who was left-handed. During the experiment the subjects performed a Class II BLACK restorative procedure. The results pointed out a statistical difference (p<0.05) for the RT, LT and RL muscles when the FS was inserted. This result indicated that with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Oceânica, Escola de Engenharia, 2010. / Submitted by Lilian M. Silva (lilianmadeirasilva@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-23T00:25:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Monitoramento de Deformações e Deslocamentos Relativos nas Estruturas de Suporte de Plantas de Processo Modulares em Unidades Flutuantes de Produção de Petróleo do Tipo FPSO.pdf: 3764587 bytes, checksum: 70312a121e0f141c7936b32ac56e47c2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2013-06-03T19:38:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Monitoramento de Deformações e Deslocamentos Relativos nas Estruturas de Suporte de Plantas de Processo Modulares em Unidades Flutuantes de Produção de Petróleo do Tipo FPSO.pdf: 3764587 bytes, checksum: 70312a121e0f141c7936b32ac56e47c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-03T19:38:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Monitoramento de Deformações e Deslocamentos Relativos nas Estruturas de Suporte de Plantas de Processo Modulares em Unidades Flutuantes de Produção de Petróleo do Tipo FPSO.pdf: 3764587 bytes, checksum: 70312a121e0f141c7936b32ac56e47c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Os projetos mais recentes de plataformas do tipo FPSO da PETROBRAS utilizam plantas modulares sobre cascos convertidos de mais de 300m de comprimento. Os módulos podem atingir 2.000t (peso seco) e mais de 3.000t em operação, sendo suportados em quatro pontos por estruturas chamadas stools. No projeto da P-53, para cada módulo há dois stools deslizantes (os quais permitem deslocamentos longitudinais, paralelos ao eixo da embarcação), e dois fixos (com restrição de movimentos em todas as direções), cada par em transversais distintas. Teoricamente, os stools deslizantes são empregados para evitar que os efeitos das deflexões do casco da plataforma induzam esforços nas estruturas dos módulos. As dúvidas a respeito da eficiência deste mecanismo para essa configuração de suportação de módulos motivaram a realização deste trabalho, cujo objetivo é analisar e compreender o comportamento estrutural dos apoios dos módulos (stools) da plataforma P-53. Para se obter estas respostas, foi desenvolvido um projeto de pesquisa na FURG com apoio da PETROBRAS, o qual mobilizou três pesquisadores e dez bolsistas, durante 3 anos e meio. Um sistema de aquisição de dados foi especialmente implementado, e através deste foram monitoradas deformações e deslocamentos relativos sobre esses stools. No total foram instalados na plataforma 75 sensores (entre extensômetros, transdutores de deslocamento e acelerômetros). Foram realizadas medições durante o assentamento dos módulos sobre a embarcação ainda no estaleiro, e na locação final, submetida às condições ambientais da Bacia de Campos. Nas condições em que foi realizado o monitoramento, não foram registrados deslocamentos relativos entre os stools deslizantes e os pés dos módulos durante todo o período de observação. A não ocorrência de deslizamento pode ser justificada pelo elevado peso dos módulos, alto coeficiente de atrito, e as características das ondas sob as quais a embarcação foi submetida. Nestas condições, a ocorrência de deslocamentos relativos é mais provável para módulos mais leves, e improvável, ou até impossível, para módulos mais pesados. Mesmo assim não foram registrados níveis de deformações que pudessem indicar um incremento relevante de carga sobre as estruturas dos stools e dos módulos. / The most recent PETROBRAS FPSO projects used modular process plants on converted vessels with more than 300m length. The modules may reach 2,000t (dry) and more than 3,000t on operation, being supported by four points on structures called stools. In the P-53 design, there are two sliding stools (that allow longitudinal displacements, parallel to vessel axis), and two fixed stools (that restrict the displacement in all directions), each pair is at different transversal frames on the hull. In theory, the sliding stools are employed to avoid that the hull deflections induce deformation on the module’s structures. The doubts about the efficiency of this apparatus for this support configuration of modules motivated the development of this research, which aim is analyze and understand the structural behavior of the module’s supports. To get these answers, it was developed a research in FURG with support of PETROBRAS, which mobilized three researchers and ten students, during three and a half year. A data acquisition system was specially implemented to attend this goal, through that was monitored strain and relative displacements on these stools. A total of 75 sensors (among them strain gages, displacement transducer and accelerometers) was installed on the platform. It was taken measurements during the installation of the modules upon the hull at the shipyard, and at the final location, under the environmental conditions of Campos Basin. In these conditions where the monitoring was done, no relative displacement among the sliding stools and module’s pads was recorded throughout the observation period. The non-occurrence of sliding can be justified by the high weight of the modules and high coefficient of friction, and by the environmental conditions under that the vessel was subjected. On these conditions, the occurrence of relative displacements is more probable to lighter modules, and improbable, even impossible to heavier ones. Despite that, it was not recorded strain levels that could indicate a relevant load increasing on the structures of modules or stools.

The need for a non-invasive, accurate, easy-to-use, and cost-effective colorectal cancer (CRC) detection device is apparent in the low survival rates seen in late-stage diagnoses. Once CRC has progressed past stage I, the 5-year survival rate drops significantly, and treatment options become less favourable. The best way to treat CRC is to catch it early. The development of an RNA-cleaving fluorogenic DNAzyme (RFD) holds the potential to remediate this deficiency. A DNAzyme, called RFD-FN1, was identified from a synthetic random-sequence DNA library to selectively bind to an unknown target associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum, which has been found to be overabundant in pre- and cancerous colorectal tissue and stool. Target recognition by the DNAzyme induces the cleavage of a fluorogenic substrate and generates a fluorescent signal to indicate the presence of the bacterium. This thesis outlines the efforts made towards functionalizing the F. nucleatum-responsive probe in stool samples to create a non-invasive screening test. RFD-FN1 is selective towards a heat-stable F. nucleatum protein, but its limit of detection is only 10^7 CFU/mL. Although able to detect spiked concentrations of F. nucleatum cells in processed stool samples, the use of heat, filtering, centrifugation, antibiotics, culturing or serial dilutions are not sufficient to detect the F. nucleatum that is naturally present in the diseased samples. Experiments designed to enrich the target concentration revealed that the target is not produced consistently in any growing condition tested. Size exclusion chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis identified five potential targets that RFD-FN1 may be responding to. Three candidate targets were cloned and purified, but they failed to induce RFD-FN1’s activity. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the purification of the final two proteins was not completed. Purifying the two candidate targets and testing their ability to induce RFD-FN1 represents future research efforts. If the target for the DNAzyme is confirmed, a reselection for a more sensitive DNAzyme, that can function in human stool, can be attempted. / Thesis / Master of Health Sciences (MSc)

Interactions of Metal Cations in Bioorganic Environment Computational Study Using Quantum Mechanics and Molecular Mechanics Tools Zdeněk Futera Biologically relevant interactions of piano-stool ruthenium(II) complexes with ds-DNA are studied by QM/MM computational technique. The whole re- action mechanism is divided into three phases - hydration of [RuII (η6 - benzene)(en)Cl]+ , consequent binding DNA and final intra-strand cross-link formation between two adjacent guanines. Free energy profiles of all reactions are explored by QM/MM MD umbrella sampling approach where the Ru(II) complex is described by DFT. For that purpose, special QM/MM software was developed to couple Gaussian and Amber programs. Calculated free energy barriers of Ru(II) hydration as well as DNA binding process are in good agreement with experimentally determined rate constants. Reaction pathway for cross-link formation was predicted that is feasible from both thermodynamical and kinetical point of view.

Thesis (Master, Microbiology & Immunology) -- Queen's University, 2013-09-29 21:18:18.966

This diploma thesis deals with a development of a strategy for data evaluation generated by next-generation sequencing. Using bioinformatics tools such as Galaxy, Velvet and Enterovirus genotyping tool new aproach of data processing was optimized. There were 22 samples analyzed which of 10 were grown on cell culture. Remaining 12 were obtained from real stool samples. All samples were taken from children at the highest genetic risk of type 1 diabetes. All of them were enterovirus positive. Enteroviruses and their following infections have been suspecting to be involved in ehiology of type 1 diabetes for a long time. That's a disease resulting to an absolut insulin deficiency due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Genetic components seems to be relatively well defined (the HLA, INS, STLA4, PTPN22, CTLA4, IFIH1 and numerous other genes), the environmental part of the etiology remains obscured. We were able to assemble 22 genomes de novo. However, there were numerous gaps among the particular contigs. For the first nine samples these gaps were complemented by Sanger sequencing. Nine full-length genomes were assempled this way. The main contribution of this work was to create a universal process of analyzing data from next-generation sequencing. This has already been using for further...