Global ETD Search

31	Utvärdering av icke-invasiva metoder för diagnostik av Helicobacter pylori-infektion : En systematisk litteraturstudie Gonzalez Elfwing, Olivia, Nilsson, Elin January 2020 (has links) Helicobacter pylori-infektion är en av de ledande orsakerna till utvecklingen av maligniteter i ventrikeln. Tillämpning av pålitliga analytiska metoder är därför väsentlig för en korrekt diagnostik och behandling av infektionen. Syftet med studien var att ge en översikt av icke-invasiva metoder som tillämpas för påvisning av H. pylori och utvärdera vilken metod som är bäst lämpad, med avseende på metodens prestandaegenskaper och det kliniska tillståndet hos patienten. En systematisk litteraturöversikt utfördes, genom sökning efter vetenskapliga artiklar med inklusions- och exklusionskriterier i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Utvalda artiklar kvalitetsgranskades och 20 studier inkluderades i resultatet. Sammanställt hade fecesantigentester en sensitivitet och specificitet på 92,64% respektive 91,47%, antikroppstester hade 97,20% respektive 81,59%, urea utandningstester hade 91,40% respektive 91,70% och polymeraskedjereaktionen hade 75,45% respektive 98,30%. Därutöver hade kliniska tillstånd såsom atrofisk gastrit, intestinal metaplasi och gastrointestinal blödning en negativ påverkan på metodernas diagnostiska tillförlitlighet. Studien konstaterade att beträffande metodens prestanda är fecesantigentester mest lämpliga för påvisning av H. pylori- infektion. Vid allvarligare kliniska åkommor bör minst två icke-invasiva diagnostiska metoder tillämpas för att säkerställa pålitliga resultat. / Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the leading causes of ventricular pathologies. Reliable analytic methods are therefore crucial for the correct diagnosis and treatment of the infection. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of non-invasive diagnostic methods used for the detection of H. pylori and to evaluate which method is most suitable, considering its performance and the clinical condition of the patient. A systematic literature review was conducted, searching peer-reviewed research articles with inclusion and exclusion criteria on the databases PubMed and CINAHL. An assessment of the selected articles quality resulted in the inclusion of 20 articles. Overall, stool antigen tests had a sensitivity and specificity of 92,64% and 91,47% respectively, antibody tests 97,20% and 81,59% respectively, urea breath tests 91,40% and 91,70% respectively, and the polymerase chain reaction 75,45% and 98,30% respectively. Furthermore, conditions such as atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and gastrointestinal bleeding had a negative impact on the diagnostic accuracy of the methods. This study concluded that, regarding the methods performance, stool antigen tests are more suitable for detecting a H. pylori infection. With the mentioned clinical conditions, at least two non- invasive diagnostic methods should be used to ensure reliable results. Stool antigen test antibody test urea breath test polymerase chain reaction gastritis Fecesantigentest antikroppstest urea utandningstest polymeraskedjereaktion gastrit Biomedical Laboratory Science/Technology
32	Ancillary Ligand Effects On The Anticancer Activity Of Ruthenium(II) Piano Stool Complexes Das, Sangeeta 09 1900 (has links) The thesis “Ancillary Ligand Effects on the Anticancer Activity of Ruthenium (II) Piano Stool Complexes” is an effort to design better antitumor metallodrugs based on ruthenium(II) complexes with various H-bond donor/acceptor ligands and to understand their mechanism of action. Chapter 1 presents a brief review of metallodrugs and their mechanism of action. Different classes of metallodrugs are discussed. A short discussion on ruthenium based anticancer drugs and their established mechanism of action is also included in this chapter. Chapter 2 deals with the synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of Ru(II) complexes with P(III) and P(V) ligands. The effect of a strong hydrogen bond acceptor on the cytotoxicity of the complexes has been investigated which allows comparison of complexes with ligands possessing a strong hydrogen bond donor or hydrogen bond acceptor. Partial oxidation of the tertiary phosphine ligands leads to a decrease in cytotoxicity of the ligand, while coordination to ruthenium resulted in a significant increase in the cytotoxicity. A molecular mechanism of action for these complexes was suggested on the basis of various biophysical studies. These complexes bind DNA through non-intercalative interactions which lead to the destabilization of the double helix of the DNA and also unwinding of the negatively supercoiled DNA. Results show that the presence of a hydrogen bond acceptor on the ligand is not capable of enhancing interactions with DNA in comparison with hydrogen bond donor groups. Cellular studies of these complexes showed that inhibition of DNA synthesis and apoptosis occur on treatment with these complexes. Interestingly, these complexes are found to be not only cytotoxic but also antimetastatic. Chapter 3 deals with the synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of Ru(II) complexes with biologically active S containing heterocyclic ligands and their mechanistic study. Complexation of ruthenium with mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) gave the most cytotoxic complex (H3) in the series. Heterocyclic Ru(II) complexes behave differently as evidenced by cellular and biophysical studies. Unlike phosphine complexes, H3 shows biphasic melting of DNA at higher concentrations which suggests two different types of interaction with DNA. Chapter 4 deals with synthesis and characterization of water soluble multiruthenated hydrophilic ruthenium(II) complexes with urotropine. An increase in cytotoxicity and binding affinity has been observed with increase in the number of ruthenium atoms per molecule. The complex with three ruthenium atoms showed the best activity. However cytotoxicity of the complexes decreases with decrease in the lipophilicity of the complexes. Chapter 5 describes studies on the interaction of Ru complexes with water, ss-DNA, AMP, GMP and GSH by various spectroscopic techniques. Hydrolysis of Ru-Cl bond in the complexes correlates with the cytotoxicity. Chapter 6 reports the summary of the observations of the thesis and the future prospects of metallodrugs. Chemotherapy Ruthenium (Chemotherapy) Cancer Treatment Ancillary Ligand Anticancer Drugs Antitumor Metallodrugs Metallodrugs Ruthenium Complexes - Synthesis Ruthenium Complexes - Cytoxicity Ruthenium(II) Complexes Piano Stool Ruthenium(II) Phosphine Ligands Bioinorganic Chemistry
33	Nana Yaa Asantewaa, The Queen Mother of Ejisu: The Unsung Heroine of Feminism in Ghana Wiafe Mensah, Nana Pokua 01 January 2011 (has links) This thesis examines the life story of Nana Yaa Asantewaa and its pedagogical implications for schooling and education in Ghana and Canada. Leadership role among women has been a topic in many debates for a long period. For many uninformed writers about the feminist struggles in Africa, Indigenous African women are docile bodies with little or no agencies and resistance power. However, the life history of Nana Yaa Asantewaa questions the legitimacy and accuracy of this misrepresentation of Indigenous African women. In 1900, Yaa Asantewaa led the Ashanti community in a war against the British imperial powers in Ghana. The role Yaa Asantewaa played in the war has made her the legend in history of Ghana and the feminist movement in Ghana. This dissertation examines the traits of Yaa Asantewaa and the pedagogic challenges of teaching Yaa Asantewaa in the public schools in Ghana and Canada. Indigenous Leadership Yaa Asantewaa The Unsung Heroine Queen mother of Ejisu Feminism in Ghana Yaa Asantewaa War The Golden Stool The Ashanti/British War The Akans (Ashanti) 0320 0515 0534 0527 0326 0453
34	Nana Yaa Asantewaa, The Queen Mother of Ejisu: The Unsung Heroine of Feminism in Ghana Wiafe Mensah, Nana Pokua 01 January 2011 (has links) This thesis examines the life story of Nana Yaa Asantewaa and its pedagogical implications for schooling and education in Ghana and Canada. Leadership role among women has been a topic in many debates for a long period. For many uninformed writers about the feminist struggles in Africa, Indigenous African women are docile bodies with little or no agencies and resistance power. However, the life history of Nana Yaa Asantewaa questions the legitimacy and accuracy of this misrepresentation of Indigenous African women. In 1900, Yaa Asantewaa led the Ashanti community in a war against the British imperial powers in Ghana. The role Yaa Asantewaa played in the war has made her the legend in history of Ghana and the feminist movement in Ghana. This dissertation examines the traits of Yaa Asantewaa and the pedagogic challenges of teaching Yaa Asantewaa in the public schools in Ghana and Canada. Indigenous Leadership Yaa Asantewaa The Unsung Heroine Queen mother of Ejisu Feminism in Ghana Yaa Asantewaa War The Golden Stool The Ashanti/British War The Akans (Ashanti) 0320 0515 0534 0527 0326 0453
35	Tvorba biofilmu u probiotických kultur a možnosti jeho využití ve farmacii / Biofilm formation in probiotic cultures and its application in pharmacy Ryšávka, Petr January 2021 (has links) The work was comprehensively focused on the development of adhesive forms of probiotics in the form of a biofilm on combined carriers with a prebiotic component. The second part dealed with the influence of food on the multiplication and survival of selected types of probiotic bacteria. Subsequently, the effect of individualized probiotic supplements on changes in the human intestinal microbiome was monitored. Suitable adherent probiotic strains for biofilm formation were selected and tested. Methods have been introduced and different variants of carriers for culturing and binding bacteria have been tested. In vitro experiments verified the stability of biofilm stucture and its resistance to low pH, bile and antibiotics in comparison with the planktonic cell form. The antimicrobial effect of probiotic strains in the form of a biofilm was studied. The cultivation of the multispecies biofilm on the combined carrier was optimized and the stability of the biofilm and the final viability of probiotic bacteria were confirmed. Furthermore, the influence of various foods and beverages on the viability of probiotic bacteria was evaluated with emphasis on the simulation of passage through the gastrointestinal tract. Both models, solutions with standardised concentrations of alcohol, sugar, salts, proteins or different pH and different types of real foods and beverages were tested. The effect of food and beverages was tested on monocultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium breve and on probiotic capsules containing a mixed culture of probiotic microorganisms. The survival of probiotics in various food matrices in the simulated gastrointestinal tract was quantitatively different. We managed to define foods suitable for supporting the multiplication of probiotic bacteria. A separate part of the work was focused on the targeted modulation of the intestinal microbiome by individualized probiotics that were prepared on the basis of molecular biological analyzes of the intestinal microbiome aimed at detecting the percentage of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Personalized probiotic supplementation confirmed the positive effect of this approach on microbiome changes, especially on the increase of the content of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and the overall diversity of the microbiome.
36	Preventing fatal effects of overworking : Product design solution Adawi, Rahim January 2018 (has links) “Overworking to death” is a phenomenon that has been noticeable in developing countries. The cause of death is mainly through ischemic strokes. While the victims’ occupations differed, they all shared a common characteristic, being positioned in a sedentary work, ranging from IT workers to doctors. This project’s aim was to develop a product that prevented or decreased the strokes that derived from sedentary overwork. This was mainly tackled by preventing one of the three causes of developing blood props, slowed blood flow. In order to gather rich data of the phenomenon, a qualitative study was conducted in China, during two months. By doing an extensive structured sampling, information rich data could be gathered during a short period of time. Data were derived from observations, questionnaires and an interview, which then was interpreted to customer needs and the final product specification. The final product became a trouser with an in built dynamic compression mechanic, that can compress the veins mostly during sitting activities, in order to prevent blood stasis. The compression mechanic works like the Chinese finger trap; compressing the calves while sitting and stretching the legs forward. It is made only out of polysaccharides fibres; cotton and corn. / "Guolaosi" eller död från överarbete är ett fenomen som i regel uppkommer bland utvecklingsländer. Dödsorsaken är huvudsakligen genom stroke. Offrens yrken varierar allt från professorer, IT-arbetare till läkare. De delar dock en sak gemensamt; att arbeta under långa perioder stillasittande. Projektets mål var att utveckla en produkt som minskar dödliga följderna av sedentära överarbete, genom att förebygga en av de tre orsakerna för att utveckla blodproppar; saktad blodström. Målgruppen var då kineser av de yrken som hade tidigare drabbats av fenomenet. För att samla informationsrika data om fenomenet genomfördes en kvalitativ studie i Kina under två månader. Genom att göra en omfattande strukturerad provtagning kunde informationsrika data samlas under en kort tidsperiod. Fältstudien bestod av observationer, frågeformulär och en intervju, som då tolkades till kundbehov och eventuellt produktspecifikationen. Den slutliga produkten kom att bli ett par byxor med en inbyggd dynamisk komprimeringsmekanism, som kan komprimera venerna under sittande aktiviteter, för att förhindra saktad blodström. Kompressionsmekanismen fungerar som den kinesiska fingerfällan. Den komprimerar blodkärlen medan personen sitter och sträcker benen framåt. Produkten är konstruerad på så sätt att den kan tillverkas endast av polysackariders tråd, från bomull och majs. Vilket är lämpligt för Kinas lokala resurser. stroke DVT overworking karoshi guolaosi prolonged inactivity sedentary death product design China Sweden Sida MFS field study trouser pants sampling observation questionnaire interview blood circulation stasis cardiovascular disease cotton corn agenda 2030 Chinese finger trap textile fibre yarn soil erosion muscle pump mechanism gradual compression stockings GECS PECS pressure distribution blood clot veins therapy stool chair PE PTS economy class syndrome methodology plastic sample concept sketch stroke DVT överarbete karoshi guolaosi förlängd inaktivitet stillasittande död produkt design Kina Sverige Sida MFS fältstudie byxa byxor provtagning observation frågeformulär intervju blodcirkulation stasis kardiovaskulär sjukdom bomull majs agenda 2030 kinesisk fingerfälla textil fiber garn jord erosion muskel pump mekanism gradvis komprimering strumpor stödstrumpa tryck kraft GECS PECS tryckfördelning blod blodproppar vener terapi pall stol PE PTS ekonomi klass syndrom metodik plast prov koncept skiss Design Design Pharmacology and Toxicology Farmakologi och toxikologi Occupational Therapy Arbetsterapi Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems Kardiologi Environmental Sciences Miljövetenskap Medical Ergonomics Medicinsk ergonomi Textile, Rubber and Polymeric Materials Textil-, gummi- och polymermaterial Composite Science and Engineering Kompositmaterial och -teknik Medical Materials Medicinska material och protesteknik

Page generated in 0.0221 seconds