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Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are emerging as a potential breakthrough energy conversion technology for clean and efficient production of electricity and heat from hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuels. Sc0.1Ce0.01ZrO2 electrolytes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells are very promising materials because their high ionic conductivity in the intermediate temperature range 700°C-800°C. The vibration response of cubic and rhombohedral (β) 10 mol%Sc2O3 - 1 mol%CeO2 - ZrO2(Sc0.1Ce0.01ZrO2 ) both at room and high-temperatures is reported. The in-situ heating experiments and ex-situ indentation experiments were performed to characterize the vibrational behavior of these important materials. A temperature and stress-assisted phase transition from cubic to rhombohedral phase was detected during in-situ Raman spectroscopy experiments. While heating and indentation experiments performed separately did not cause the transition of the cubic phase into the rhombohedral structure under the performed experimental conditions and only broadened or strained peaks of the cubic phase could be detected, the heating of the indented (strained) surface leaded to the formation of the rhombohedral Sc0.1Ce0.01ZrO2. Both temperature range and strained zone were estimated by in situ heating and 2D mapping, where a formation of rhombohedral or retention of cubic phase has been promoted. The mechanical properties, such as Young’s modulus, Vickers hardness, indentation fracture resistance, room and high temperature four point bending strength and SEVNB fracture toughness along with the stress – strain deformation behavior in compression, of 10 mol% Sc2O3 – 1 mol % CeO2 - ZrO2 (ScCeZrO2) ceramics have been studied. The chosen composition of the ScCeZrO2 has very high ionic conductivity and, therefore, is very promising oxygen ion conducting electrolyte for the intermediate temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Therefore, its mechanical behavior is of importance and is presented in this study.

There is currently a knowledge gap regarding the plastic material properties of many steel types that Atlas Copco use in their high torque power tools. This makes it difficult to fully utilise the capabilities of the Finite Element Method (FEM) to aid the developmental process. Case hardened steel is of special interest as there is not any established method on how to model it numerically.Test specimens of steel type 9195 and 2541 has been developed with two different geometries; hollow and solid. Specimen were heat treated to create case hardened specimens with different Case Depths (CD) as well as specimens made to mimic the material behaviour of the case and core of case hardened steel.Monotone torsion tests were conducted to generate stress-strain data for material models. Hardness tests of case hardened steel were made to determine hardness profiles. By combining these results, a spatially dependent case hardened steel material in an FE-model was created.Test results of the homogeneous specimen tests were successfully modelled using FEA. The case hardened steel could also be modelled, but with a discrepancy against the test results as the model core material were not representative actual core. However, the spatially dependent material model has high potential for simulating the case hardened steel, given the correct inputs. / Det finns för närvarnade bristfällig kännedom gällandes plastiska materialegenskaper hos många av de stål Atlas Copco använder i sina högmomentsverktyg för åtdragning av förband. Detta gör det svårt att fullt ut använda finita elementmetoden (FEM) som ett verktyg i produkters utvecklingsprocess. Sätthärdat stål är av intresse då det inte finns någon etablerad metod för hur det ska modelleras numeriskt.Provstavar gjorda av ståltyperna 9195 och 2541 har tagits fram med två olika geometrier; ihåliga och solida. Provstavarna var värmebehandlade vilket gav sätthärdade material med olika sätthärdningsdjup samt provstavar i material som skulle efterlikna materialet hos höljet och kärnan av sätthärdat stål.Monotona vridprov utfördes för att generera spännings-töjningsdata för användning i materialmodeller. Hårdhetstester gjordes för att fastställa hårdhetsprofiler hos sätthärdat stål. Genom att kombinera dessa provresultat skapades en numerisk material-model av sätthärdat stål med FEM.Testresultaten från de homogena provstavarna återskapades numeriskt med goda resultat. De sätthärdade provstavarnas beteende kunde också återskapas, men med ett något bristfälligt resultat då kärnmaterialet hos modellen inte var representativt av riktigt kärnmaterial hos sätthärdat stål. Modellen har dock hög potential för att återskapa sätthärdat stål, givet korrekt materialdata.

В целях изучения метода проектирования фланцевых соединений в данной работе проведены анализ и сравнение гипотез проектирования в китайской, российской, европейской нормах. С помощью комплексных программ ANSYS 19.2 выполнен расчет по методу конечных элементов. В основе полученных результатов был созданы расчетные альбомы. / In order to study the method of designing flange connections, this paper analyzes and compares design hypotheses in Chinese, Russian, and European standards. Using the complex programs ANSYS 19.2, the calculation was performed using the finite element method. Calculated albums were created on the basis of the obtained results.

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[pt] O comportamento geotécnico da barragem de Curuá-Una, Pará, foi estudado devido à importância que a barragem representa para a Região Norte do Brasil. A usina hidrelétrica de Curuá-Una, inaugurada em 1977, está localizada na Amazônia, próxima à cidade de Santarém. O estudo englobou a avaliação das condições atuais de operação e a previsão de desempenho após uma possível elevação de 1,5m do nível do reservatório, com e sem alteamento simultâneo da crista da barragem. A elevação do nível do reservatório possibilitaria o aumento da potência útil da usina, beneficiando toda a região. Uma ampla campanha de ensaios geotécnicos foi realizada em amostras indeformadas dos materiais constituintes da barragem. As amostras de bloco foram extraídas dos taludes de jusante e montante, acima do nível freático. O programa experimental incluiu ensaios de caracterização, permeabilidade, adensamento, cisalhamento direto, e triaxiais, com diferentes condições de umidade. A pesquisa envolveu também a análise dos resultados da instrumentação de campo, composta por piezômetros instalados no corpo da barragem e na fundação de material arenoso. Uma surgência da linha freática foi identificada no talude de jusante, sugerindo um funcionamento inadequado do filtro vertical. As análises englobaram simulações numéricas da elevação do nível do reservatório e da cota da crista da barragem, com o objetivo de avaliar a deformabilidade do maciço. Foram também definidos os níveis de alerta referentes à segurança da barragem, com base em estudos de estabilidade realizados para diferentes condições de geometria e carregamento. / [en] The geotechnical behavior of Curuá-Una dam, Pará, was studied due its importance to the North Region of Brazil. The power plant, in operation since 1977, is located in the Amazon forest, next to the city of Santarém. The study was comprised of the evaluation of current operation conditions of the dam and prediction of its performance after a possible rise of 1,5m of the level of the reservoir with and without simultaneous rise of the dam s crest. The rise of the reservoir would increase the power capacity of Curuá- Una plant, benefiting the entire region. A comprehensive program of geotechnical tests was carried out on undisturbed samples of the dam materials. Block samples were extracted from the upstream and downstream slopes of the dam. The experimental program included characterization tests, permeability, consolidation, direct shear and triaxial tests, with different saturation conditions. The research also included the analysis of field instrumentation results. The instrumentation included several piezometers, installed in the body of the dam and in the sandy foundation. A surgency of the freatic line was identified at the downstream slope, suggesting a malfunctioning of the vertical filter. The analyses included numerical simulations of different reservoir and crest levels, with objective to evaluate the deformability of the earth embankment. In addition, stability studies for different geometries and loading conditions were also carried out. Alert levels regarding the dam s stability were established.

Объект выпускной работы – технология производства шпинделей дисковых поворотных затворов. Целью данной работы было совершенствование технологии термической обработки шпинделей для улучшения соотношения прочностных и пластических свойств. Методы исследования: металлографическое исследование микроструктуры, испытания на растяжение, испытания на ударный изгиб. Результатом работы стали новые режимы термообработки для всего сортамента выпускаемых шпинделей. В работе описан технологический процесс изготовления шпинделей, начиная от сортовой прокатки круглой заготовки до механической обработки детали. Значимость работы заключается в повышении надежности работы дискового поворотного затвора. / The object of the final thesis is the spindles production technology for butterfly valves. Improving the heat treatment technology of spindles to enhance the stress-strain and plastic properties was chosen as the objective of this research work. The following research methods were used in the investigation: metallographic test of microstructure, tensile tests, impact-bending tests. New heat treatment working regimes for the entire range of manufactured spindles were the result of the work. The study described the spindles manufacturing process, starting from the round billet sizing and rolling to mechanical working of the manufactured part. In improving the reliability of disc butterfly valves operation lies the significance of this work.

The determination of strain properties of masonry in the direction parallel to bed joints is a fundamental pre-requisite for designing structures, where masonry is subjected to horizontal stresses (e. g. strengthening with prestressing). The diploma thesis summarized techniques of determination of masonry modulus of elasticity presented in available literature. The goal is to suggest suitable methodology of determination of masonry modulus in direction parallel to the bed joints. In the practical part of the diploma thesis is that methodology verified by experimental test and results of tests are analyzed and discussed.