This project explores the issue of revealing the structural integrity of a building through the design of a recreational sports facility. The designated site for this sports facility is the River's Edge Sports Complex located in Roanoke, Virginia. A unique setting because the Roanoke River nearly cuts through the center of this site dividing the northern half with the existing football stadium, Victory Stadium, the National Guard Reserve Armory, and Maher Baseball Field from the southern portion containing athletic fields, tennis courts, and a playground. In order to consolidate the facilities into one sports complex, I propose a number of interventions including a bridge building, observation tower, coliseum, natatorium, racquetball courts, and exercise rooms. The goal of providing a smooth unifying path over the river, while creating a unique setting, presents an intriguing architectural challenge. The investigation focuses on the appropriate architectural expressions and structural possibilities of the long spanning bridge building since it is the central unifying element of the sports complex. / Master of Architecture

Cette thèse analyse l’évolution de l’historiographie de la République fédérale d’Allemagne et, plus particulièrement, l’affirmation de la nouvelle histoire sociale à la lumière du rapport complexe que les historiens ouest-allemands ont entretenu avec l’historisme et la tradition historique allemande. On s’efforce de montrer dans quelle mesure les réorientations méthodologiques sont allées de pair avec l’émergence de nouvelles interprétations de l’histoire nationale et du Sonderweg allemand. On porte également une attention particulière au problème de la continuité de l’historiographie allemande entre la République de Weimar et la République fédérale d’Allemagne. C’est pourquoi la première partie de notre travail examine l’influence que Hans Rosenberg et Eckart Kehr, qui avaient rompu dès la fin de la République de Weimar avec l’histoire des idées pratiquée par Friedrich Meinecke, ont exercée sur les historiens ouest-allemands dans les années 1960. La seconde partie étudie le rôle que l’histoire structurelle a joué dans la transformation de l’historiographie allemande après la Seconde Guerre mondiale et dans la genèse de la nouvelle histoire sociale. L’histoire sociale critique, qui s’est affirmée, à partir de la fin des années 1960, sous l’impulsion décisive de Hans-Ulrich Wehler et de Jürgen Kocka, a été toutefois rapidement soumise à la critique des Cultural Studies et de l’histoire culturelle : on montrera dans la troisième partie que la concurrence entre ces deux orientations disciplinaires a conduit à une réflexion nouvelle sur les singularités de l’histoire allemande et à la remise en question de la valeur heuristique du Sonderweg. / This work studies the development of the historiography of the Federal Republic of Germany and more specifically the gradual pervasiveness of the new social history in the light of a complex relationship that historians from the Federal Republic have maintained with historicism and the German historical tradition. We shall try to demonstrate to what extent renewed research methodologies have accompanied the emergence of different interpretations of the national history and the German Sonderweg. We shall equally shed a more specific light on the question of the continuity of German historiography across the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic era. Based on these grounds, the first part of our work provides an insight into the influence of Hans Rosenberg and Eckart Kehr, which prevailed over the community of historians in West Germany during the 1960’s, after they broke up with the doctrine of history of ideas theorized by Friedrich Meinecke, well before the end of the Republic of Weimar. The second part studies the role played by structural history in the transformation of German historiography after the Second World War and the formation of the new social history. Critical social history, whose emergence in the late 1960’s, through the decisive impetus of Hans-Ulrich Wehler and Jürgen Kocka, was nonetheless confronted to the criticisms from the Cultural Studies and cultural history: in the third part, we shall show how the opposition between these two academic orientations has resulted in a renewed reflection on the specificities of German history and the re-questioning of the heuristic value of Sonderweg.

Na literatura nacional e internacional sobre a transformação contemporânea das universidades, são muitos os estudos que enfatizam o impacto do conhecimento gerencial sobre a reorganização dos procedimentos de decisão, controle e coordenação do trabalho acadêmico. Partindo dessas análises, a presente pesquisa buscou interrogar o papel do discurso gerencial na redefinição do governo acadêmico das universidades brasileiras enfatizando a sua relação com a estrutura social, que se expressa, no interior da universidade, pela hierarquização política, social e acadêmica das suas diferentes unidades. Para tanto, esta tese baseia-se em um estudo de caso sobre a Universidade de São Paulo uma das maiores, mais importantes e mais antigas universidades de pesquisa do país que sofreu diretamente o impacto dos saberes gerenciais na redefinição das suas estruturas internas de governo a partir dos anos 1960. Em termos gerais, a tese essencial deste trabalho é de que o discurso gerencial conseguiu se impor na USP pela ação do seu polo dominante, formado pelas unidades profissionais tradicionais que conseguiram, justamente pela sua posição na estrutura social, impor sua visão de universidade e de governo acadêmico / Among the national and international literature upon the contemporary transformation of the universities, many studies underline the impact of the management knowledge on the reorganization of the procedures related to the decision, accountability and coordination of the academic work. Departing from these analysis, the present research intend to interrogate the role of the management discourse in the redefinition of the academic government of Brazilian university, emphasizing the relation with its social structure, expressed through the political, social and academic hierarchisation of university faculties. In that sense, this thesis is based on a case study about the São Paulo University one of the biggest, oldest, and most important research university of Brazil that suffered directly the impact of the management knowledge in the redefinition of its intern structure of government from the 1960 onwards. In general terms, the essential argument of this work is that the management discourse could impose itself in the São Paulo University through the action of the dominant pole, composed by the traditional-professional faculties that, due to its position in the social structure, achieved to impose its conception of university and academic government

Na literatura nacional e internacional sobre a transformação contemporânea das universidades, são muitos os estudos que enfatizam o impacto do conhecimento gerencial sobre a reorganização dos procedimentos de decisão, controle e coordenação do trabalho acadêmico. Partindo dessas análises, a presente pesquisa buscou interrogar o papel do discurso gerencial na redefinição do governo acadêmico das universidades brasileiras enfatizando a sua relação com a estrutura social, que se expressa, no interior da universidade, pela hierarquização política, social e acadêmica das suas diferentes unidades. Para tanto, esta tese baseia-se em um estudo de caso sobre a Universidade de São Paulo uma das maiores, mais importantes e mais antigas universidades de pesquisa do país que sofreu diretamente o impacto dos saberes gerenciais na redefinição das suas estruturas internas de governo a partir dos anos 1960. Em termos gerais, a tese essencial deste trabalho é de que o discurso gerencial conseguiu se impor na USP pela ação do seu polo dominante, formado pelas unidades profissionais tradicionais que conseguiram, justamente pela sua posição na estrutura social, impor sua visão de universidade e de governo acadêmico / Among the national and international literature upon the contemporary transformation of the universities, many studies underline the impact of the management knowledge on the reorganization of the procedures related to the decision, accountability and coordination of the academic work. Departing from these analysis, the present research intend to interrogate the role of the management discourse in the redefinition of the academic government of Brazilian university, emphasizing the relation with its social structure, expressed through the political, social and academic hierarchisation of university faculties. In that sense, this thesis is based on a case study about the São Paulo University one of the biggest, oldest, and most important research university of Brazil that suffered directly the impact of the management knowledge in the redefinition of its intern structure of government from the 1960 onwards. In general terms, the essential argument of this work is that the management discourse could impose itself in the São Paulo University through the action of the dominant pole, composed by the traditional-professional faculties that, due to its position in the social structure, achieved to impose its conception of university and academic government