Recruiting of music students is expected to become increasingly competitive among colleges which offer music degrees during the next decade. In order to gain a perspective on the state of recruiting, this study investigated the recruiting techniques currently being used by music administrators at institutions of higher education which offer bachelor's degrees in music. The goals of this research were to determine whether music administrators anticipate a declining enrollment problem in their music program, to determine how active a role chief music administrators play in music student recruitment, to identify recruiting activities within a marketing context, and to describe significant differences in recruiting activities by geographic region and by comparisons of private and public institutions.A review of the related literature was conducted which included examining marketing research tools, recruiting and statistical information, and music-related sources. A three-part questionnaire was designed to gather information on general backgrounds of music units, their recruitment structures, and their recruiting activities. Items selected for inquiry were based upon information supplied in the review of the literature. The pilot survey instrument was tested by 10 music administrators who were involved in music-student recruitment. The population included the total number of institutions in higher education which offer some form of bachelor's degree in music, according to The College Blue Book, 21st Ed: Degrees Offered by College and Subjects (1987). The sample included 150 administrators who represented their respective music units. Music units were selected by means of a computer-generated random stratification according to their geographic region and their funding base. Forty-one percent of the questionnaires were returned.Data showed that a majority of the subjects believed their enrollments would be increasing during the next decade. However, 81.6% indicated their enrollments were currently below the desired level. The chief music administrator is the highest authority most often involved in developing the recruitment strategy and is often the most active individual in recruiting activities. More marketing expertise is available for music student recruitment: than is currently being utilized. This includes strategies to identify the target market and the development of a balanced marketing mix, i.e., strategies involving product, price, place, and promotion. Most of the recruitment strategies observed relied heavily upon promotional efforts and less on the other elements of a balanced marketing mix. Relatively few differences were noted in the recruiting practices of music units in higher education throughout the United States, either by their geographic region or by their funding base. Recommendations resulting from this investigation include areas for further study and additional recommendations. / School of Music

The University of Natal has a Schools Liaison team that is responsible for undergraduate Students Recruitment. Recruitment activities are, however, not restricted to the Schools Liaison team. There are special programmes funded in part or wholly by corporate partners. These partnerships have placed additional demands on the recruitment function which is served by using special recruiters. Certain faculties have also chosen to make use of specialised recruiters in the form of Public Relations Officers. The presence of more than one group of individuals involved in Students Recruitment creates problems, more especially because the various groups of recruiters operate mainly within the same target market. The coming together of the conflicting and competing goals coupled with the parallel and independent recruitment drives of competing faculties, negatively affects the synergy that could be beneficial to the recruitment function. The focus of the study is on using systems thinking methodologies to engage stakeholders in a process that assists the University in creating a Student Recruitment Model that allows the various recruiters to pursue their various goals without harming the larger organisational goal and fragmenting the organization. The objective of this study is to use the Soft Systems Methodology as a tool aimed at developing a viable Student Recruitment model. This dissertation uses systems thinking methodologies to examine stakeho1der interests and concerns and attempts to bring all these together within a consolidated framework that should make up the viable Student Recruitment Model that serves the various interests within a single system. A number of lessons learnt during the process are highlighted and discussed in the last section of this study. The said lessons are considered valuable in the future as new demands arise and the organisation needs to modify its recruitment model. / Thesis (M.Com.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.

M.Cur. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The goal underlying educational testing is to measure psychological constructs in a particular domain and to produce valid inferences about examinees’ ability. To achieve this goal of getting a precise ability evaluation, test developers construct questions with different formats, such as multiple-choice (MC) items, and open-ended questions or constructed response (CR) test items, for example, essay items. In recent years, large-scale assessments have implemented CR items in addition to MC items as an essential component of the educational assessment landscape. However, utilizing CR items in testing involves two main challenges, including rater effects and rater correlations. One challenge is the error added by human raters’ subjective judgments, such as rater severity and rater central tendency. Rater severity effect refers to the effect that raters may tend to give consistently low or high ratings that cause biased ability evaluation (Leckie & Baird, 2011). Central tendency describes when raters tend to use middle categories in the scoring rubric and avoid using extreme criteria (Saal et al., 1980). The second challenge is that multiple raters usually grade an examinee’s essay for quality control purposes; however, ratings based on the same item are correlated and need to be handled carefully by appropriate statistical procedures (Eckes, 2011; Kim, 2009). To solve these problems, DeCarlo (2010) proposed an HRM-SDT model that extended the traditional signal detection theory (SDT) model used in the first level of HRM. The HRM-SDT model not only considers the hierarchical structure of rating data but also deals with various rater effects beyond rater severity. This research examined to what extent the HRM-SDT separates rater effects (i.e., rater severity and rater central tendency) from item effects (i.e., item difficulty). Accordingly, one goal of this study was to simulate various rater effects and item effects to investigate the performance of the HRM-SDT model with respect to separating these effects. The other goal was to compare the fit of the HRM-SDT model with one commonly used model in language assessments, the Rasch model, in different simulation conditions and to examine the difference between these two models in terms of segregating rater and item effects. To answer these questions, Simulation A and Simulation B were conducted. In Simulation A, seven sets of parameters were varied in the first set of simulations. Simulation B addressed some questions of particular interest using another four sets of parameters, where both the rater and item parameters were simultaneously varied. This study found the HRM-SDT accurately recovered parameters, and clearly detected and separated changes in rater severity, rater central tendency, and item difficulty in most conditions.

High school bands are producing some of our finest musicians. These musical organizations have become an integral part of virtually every high school in the nation, and have greatly added to the cultural aspects of their curriculum. The respect from student body and faculty, development of poise, and enrichment of the students' general education have justified the band program in the school system. / Typescript. / "August, 1964." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music Education." / Advisor: Elmer P. Magnell, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 8).

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Scientific research that focuses on South African females’ success in engineering is limited. The South African engineering workforce and universities have been encountering challenges in attracting and retaining as many females as possible in these fields. This research assignment seeks to advance the understanding of challenges and reasons that contribute to most female learners shying away from engineering studies at tertiary level. To achieve this, Grade 11 and Grade 12 Mathematics and Physical Science female learners from six different schools, which are in a single educational circuit, were observed and interviewed. Mathematics and Physical Science are the two subjects which are prerequisites for engineering studies at any South African higher education institution. For this reason the research focused on female learners who were studying both these subjects. This study also includes a literature review of factors affecting South African women engineers in the labour market. This includes the factors that females around the world consider before choosing a career and the reasons why females stay in their chosen careers. The findings highlight a number of variables that contribute to females’ underrepresentation in engineering. These variables include societal expectations, perceptions of females in careers that are historically male dominated, the quality of education that female learners receive at school, female learners’ performance in Mathematics and Physical Science, guardians’ support of careers chosen by female learners, learners’ knowledge of the various career streams, the use of home language in teaching subjects assessed in English, family responsibilities, and university admission requirements for engineering. Suggestions on how some of these challenges can be mitigated have been highlighted in this research assignment. The main points are:  The need for career guidance workshops and companies’ exhibitions to be taken to the students’ schools where attention can be given to the students of one school at a time and companies can facilitate discussions with learners about the types of work that their companies offer.  Encouraging and advocating for greater parental involvement in the students’ studies as this can reduce the number of students who do not study on a regular basis.  Offering of teaching employment to candidates who fully meet the requirements for the positions they are applying for especially for core subjects like English, Maths, and Science.  Adding engineering faculties to the two universities in the Limpopo Province and giving bursaries or financial aid to help school girls who want to study engineering at university  Teaching school girls time management skills from an early age so as to help them know how to balance the time they spend on each subject. Further details on how some of these suggestions can be achieved are discussed in the last chapter of this research report.

A number of issues related to graduate education in pharmacy have become apparent in the last several years. Recruitment of pharmacy students into graduate programs is one of the concerns. Currently, little information exists regarding this topic other than annual enrollment data. A certain number of pharmacy undergraduates must pursue graduate education to allow for the continued growth of the profession. A study was conducted to determine if a newly created videotape intervention would change participants attitudes and awareness levels concerning graduate educational pursuits in pharmacy. First and third professional year students at four Colleges of Pharmacy were randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups. Members of the control group were asked to complete the survey instrument only. The instrument consisted of three measures of intention to pursue graduate education, personal attitudes toward this pursuit, and perceptions of how significant others (the subjective norm) felt about these endeavors. The Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen and Fishbein) provided the theoretical framework for the research. Results of the study indicated that the intervention was able to change intentions, attitudes, and awareness levels regarding graduate education and research activities. Intentions of enrolling in graduate school did not differ between two entry level degree programs or in males versus females. First year students had higher intentions of obtaining graduate education than third year students. The subjective norm was more important than attitudes in predicting the intentions concerning graduate school attendance. These results demonstrate that positive changes in intentions, attitudes, and awareness levels can be obtained from such videotape interventions.

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High-achieving African American students are not immune to the issues that underlie racial inequalities in school achievement. There is much to learn from these students in terms of how they navigate schools and achieve according to conventional standards. Further, serious questions remain about the social and racial costs to being constructed as high-achieving against broader narratives of African American students as deficient. This qualitative inquiry uses participant interviews and document analysis to explore the Discourses on achievement and leadership produced by minority recruitment programs and the students who participate in them. Specifically, the research uses critical discourse tools to look at the narratives produced both by African American students and by (and through) program documents. It seeks to understanding where these narratives converge and where there might be tension. This research is conducted by incorporating a socio-cultural literacy and critical race theory framework. This dissertation study is at the intersection of equity and access; it problematizes progressive arguments against a segregated curriculum for high-achieving students by invoking a social justice argument in favor of leveling the playing field for traditionally marginalized students, specifically African Americans. Much of the existing literature on high achievement and African Americans takes place in traditional classrooms. Glaringly absent from the literature on achievement are the ways in which some high-performing students of color are positioned to succeed in competitive, non-school environments. Specifically, I look at minority recruitment programs because these programs teach a particular type of literacy. The study explores the degree to which students’ home literacies are being honored. Findings indicate that students’ perspectives on achievement were much more critical than those of the programs with students overtly challenging meritocracy. Students were less critical of leadership, and both programs and students offered views that privileged particular literacies of leadership. The researcher offers recommendations for MRPs that calls for programs to involve students in more critical inquiries through the use of a Critical Race English education lens.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the use and effectiveness of management techniques for the recruitment or retention of college students. Data were collected from 227 directors of admissions and 51 directors of enrollment management. An instrument consisting of 41 questionnaire items was developed from a review of the literature. Data obtained by the questionnaire were analyzed using both frequency and percentile analysis. Additional analysis was conducted to determine if directors of admissions and directors of enrollment management use and/or judge the effectiveness of management techniques differently.Findings1. Management by objectives, performance appraisal, job analysis and job descriptions, management information systems, organizational development, systems analysis, and program budgeting were techniques used by a majority of the respondents.2. Management by objectives, performance appraisal, job analysis and job descriptions, management information systems, organizational development, systems analysis, and program budgeting were judged by a majority of the respondents to be moderately or very effective.3. Enrollment directors and admissions directors differed both on usage of management techniques and in judgments regarding the effectiveness of the techniques. Enrollment directors reported greater use of management by objectives, performance appraisal, management information systems, and organizational development which were statistically significant. The differences in judgments concerning effectiveness were attributable to a composite of the seven management techniques.4. Enrollment managers are generally higher-level administrators having responsibility for retention, as well as recruitment, goals of the institution.Conclusions1. The predictions of enrollment crises have already resulted in the use of management techniques by administrators responsible for recruitment or retention of college students.2. Management by objectives, performance appraisal, job analysis and job descriptions, management information systems, organizational development, systems analysis, and program budgeting are seven management techniques that are effective tools for the management of college and university recruitment or retention efforts.3. The Director of Enrollment Management position is representative of a move towards accountability in the area of admissions work. The concept of "enrollment management" encourages the use of management techniques to meet both the recruitment and retention goals of the institution.