Este trabalho apresenta análises estilísticas e espaciais da arte rupestre de cerca de cem abrigos do alto-médio São Francisco (norte mineiro e sudoeste baiano), desenvolvidas com o objetivo de elaborar um quadro crono-estilístico do registro rupestre regional que possa subsidiar estudos de correlação entre seqüências estratigráficas e seqüências estilísticosucessórias. As análises tomaram por base as classificações existentes para a arte rupestre do Brasil Central e da região (tradições Agreste, São Francisco, Nordeste e Complexo Montalvânia), visando a discutir a operacionalidade da metodologia classificatória vigente e o alcance interpretativo destas categorias de análise. As análises resultaram na definição de diversos estilos sucessivos, sendo alguns deles possivelmente contemporâneos. A seqüência sucessória estilística foi comparada à seqüência estratigráfica regional, utilizando as datações absolutas e relativas disponíveis para balizar uma periodização inicial da arte rupestre do norte mineiro. Essa periodização - ainda hipotética em função das datações disponíveis se referirem a apenas dois dos doze estilos identificados - mostra que a arte rupestre do Holoceno médio responde por vários estilos associados, que não podem ser seguramente organizados em seqüência sucessória e que podem ter sido praticados em contemporaneidade. O estudo da variação estilística nas dimensões gráfica, temporal e espacial (em pequena e grande escala) mostrou que estilos distintos por critérios temáticos interconectam-se e articulam-se em outras dimensões. A observação de diferenças relevantes entre estilos, relativas a atributos temáticos, localização dos painéis nos abrigos e dos abrigos na paisagem regional, sugere a existência concomitante de repertórios temáticos complementares na arte rupestre do Holoceno médio, integrando um complexo sistema de representações visuais. O estudo sugere que a utilização da usual categoria “tradição” como parâmetro de análise dificulta, em vez de favorecer, a organização do registro rupestre, na medida em que direciona a pesquisa para os padrões de similaridade. Em análises focadas nestes padrões, os contrastes e as diferenças entre expressões são mascarados e ofuscados. Expressões estilísticas tematicamente distintas podem estar conectadas de modo complementar, tornando necessário investigar as relações entre estilos caracterizados por temáticas distintas, avaliando suas semelhanças e dissimilaridades, antes de atribuí-los a tradições também distintas / This work is the result of a research in rock art stylistics and space analyses of about one hundred shelters from the region of Alto-médio São Francisco (north of the brazilian state of Minas Gerais and southwest of the state of Bahia), with the objective of elaborating a chrono-stylistic relative picture of the regional rock-art register that could support correlational studies of stratrigraphics and successory stylistics sequences. The analyses developed were based on the existing rock art classifications of Central Brazil and region(Agreste, São Francisco, Nordeste and Complexo Montalvânia traditions), and were aimed at discussing the operationality of the given classificatory methodology and the interpretative reach of these categories of analysis. The stylistics and space diachronic analyses resulted in the definition of diverse successive styles, some of them possibly contemporaries. The successory stylistic sequence was compared to the regional stratigraphic sequence using the absolute and relative datings available as bollards to develop an initial rock-art periodization of the northern region of the state of Minas Gerais. This periodization – still hypothetical, once the the available datings are related to only two of the twelve identified styles – shows that the middle Holocen rock art stands for several associated styles that cannot be surely organized in a successory sequence and that might have been practiced at the same time. The study of the stylistic variation in its graphical, temporal and spacial aspects (in small and great scale) has showed that styles that are considered distinct because of thematic criteria in fact interconnect and articulate each other in other dimensions. The observation of relevant differences between styles, as well as of oppositions between the thematic attributes of localization in the shelters and the shelters in the regional landscape, suggests the simultaneous existence of complementary thematic repertoires in the middle Holocen rock art, composing a complex system of visual representations. The study suggests that, instead of improving the organization of the rock art register, the use of rock-art traditions as a parameter for analysis makes this organization more difficult, in as much as it directs the research to standards of similarity. In analyses focused in these standards, the contrasts and the differences between expressions are masked and dimmed. Thematicly distinct stylistics expressions can be connected in important and complementary ways, making it necessary to investigate the relations between styles characterized by distinct thematic characteristics and to evaluate their oppositions and disimilarities before attributing them to distinct traditions.

Rosa. Articula-se a proposta de uma análise estilística do texto com a interpretação de cunho psicanalítico, sobretudo a partir de Freud. Situa-se, primeiramente, a relação entre este estudo e a fortuna crítica da obra selecionada, discutindo aspectos relevantes dos trabalhos de outros estudiosos. Ao abordar a relação entre o foco narrativo e o protagonista e utilizando-se de indicações do próprio Guimarães Rosa presentes em outras obras e em correspondências com seus tradutores, utiliza-se a metáfora do badalar de um sino como homólogo aos movimentos internos e externos de Soropita, sobretudo em torno da questão da manutenção do recalque como forma de preservar sua estabilidade social e pessoal. Esta dissertação reflete ainda sobre uma possível disposição melancólica de Soropita, além de estudar aspectos significativos do amor entre este personagem e sua esposa, Doralda, que mantém relação com a dinâmica do recalque. Aponta-se, por fim, para o caráter cíclico e inconcluso da presente narrativa, como sendo sua marca distintiva, não havendo, no nível do personagem principal, solução possível para seus dilemas. As questões histórico-sociais, pertinentes ao contexto abarcado pela novela, também serão articuladas ao estudo do estilo e à problemática psicanalítica abordada. / The present essay examines the novel Dão-Lalalão, by author João Guimarães Rosa, from Minas Gerais. It articulates the proposal of a stylistic analysis of the text with the interpretation of psychoanalytic nature, especially from Freud. It is placed, first, the relationship between this study and the critical fortune of the selected work, discussing relevant aspects of other scholars works. In addressing the relationship between the narrative focus and the protagonist and using Guimarães Rosas own indications present in other works and correspondence with his translators, it is used the metaphor of the chime of a bell as correlation with the internal and external movements of Soropita especially around the issue of maintenance of repression as a means of preserving his social and personal stability. This work still reflects on a possible melancholic disposition of Soropita, in addition to study significant aspects of love between this character and his wife, Doralda, which maintains relationship with the dynamics of repression. It points out, finally, to the cyclical and inconclusive nature of the present narrative, as its distinguishing mark, do not existing to the level of the main character, possible solution to his dilemmas. The historical and social issues, relevant to the context covered by the novel, will also be articulated to the study of the style and to the psychoanalytic problematic issues considered.

Pages 19 to 23 have been omitted because of Revision / Elizabethan prose fiction has been virtually ignored for a long time. The question of rhetoric in this fiction is an extremely complex issue, and studies which have examined this aspect are usually stylistic analyses that fragment the works by dissecting isolated passages for stylistic data concerning an author's manipulation of particular schemes and tropes. This approach has often tended to ignore the possibility that larger ideals and attitudes may underlie the use of rhetorical figures (i.e. elocutio) in particular passages. While this dissertation does not attempt to resolve the problems of the relationship between rhetorical training in the grammar schools and Elizabethan fiction, or between the English vernacular rhetorics and Elizabethan fiction, it offers some idea about what these writers thought about rhetoric beyond its status as ornamentation. This thesis tries to discover what these writers thought about the possibilities of rhetorical training --that is, about its moral status as an art of persuasion. In my view, the major writers of Elizabethan prose fiction dramatize the abuses of verbal skills; they explore some of the techniques of deception, distortion and manipulation that are afforded by rhetorical training. The subject-matter of this fiction is largely concerned with verbal methods of persuasion that manipulate and distort, that rely on false logic and dishonesty; these writers are concerned with rhetorical attempts to change the face of the "real" world in order to justify a particular idea, action, or belief. My thesis explicates the prose fictional works of Gascoigne, Lyly, Sidney, Nashe and Deloney with this theory in mind. As well as suggesting the ways in which rhetoric is handled as a subject in a variety of fictional contexts, my thesis also explicates the rhetorical strategies which these authors themselves use to involve their reader in evaluating rhetoric. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

In this study, I took the quantitative research approach of film statistical stylistic analysis to examine the editing pattern evolution of 130 Hollywood movie trailers over the past 60 years from 1951 to 2015; the prior studies on the overall evolution of the Hollywood movies’ editing pattern are compared and discussed. The results suggest that although the movie trailers are much shorter than the whole movies, the average shot lengths of the trailers still display a declining trend over the past 60 years, and the variations in the shot lengths are also decreasing. Second, the motions within each framedo not change significantly over the years, while the correlation coefficients between the shot lengths and the motions within the shots are moving toward a more negative correlation relationship over time, suggesting that the trailers are subject to an editing evolution trend that the shorter the shot is, the more motions there are within it, and this also aligns with the overall movies’ editing pattern evolution trend. Last, the luminance of the trailers remains almost the same over time, which does not align with the overall movies’ editing pattern evolution of becoming darker and darker over decades. Together these findings suggest that the movie trailers’ editing rhythm evolution in general aligns with that of overall movies over time while the visual editing pattern evolution of color luminance does not. The study results will improve our understanding on how the Hollywood movie trailers’ editing pattern and style have evolved over time and pave the way for future advertising studies and cognitive psychology studies on the audience’s attention, immersion and emotional response to various editing patterns of movie trailers. / Media Studies & Production

The thesis entitled "Pragmatic and stylistic analysis of the horoscopes in periodicals" deals with the horoscopes from linguistic point of view; the greatest attention is paied to the pragmatic and stylistic aspects. The goal of the thesis is to identify the typical features of horoscopes on the basis of pragmatic and stylistic analysis. The research material comprises of 1752 astrological predictions taken from sixteen different periodicals. The author and the recipient of horoscope are characterized in each chapter and selected attributes of the target group are studied in each chapter as well - age, gender, social roles and status. It is dealt with the intention of horoscopes; its impact on recipient and strategies used by authors of horoscopes are analyzed too. The thesis presents the way vocabulary and other language tools are used in horoscopes to communicate intention of their authors. The analysis also deals with themes of horoscopes.

Este trabalho propõe-se a criar um conjunto de procedimentos de estruturação de arranjos vocais próprio a partir da análise dos elementos composicionais presentes nas músicas produzidas pelo agrupamento de músicos conhecidos pelo termo Clube da Esquina. Visa explorar a ideia de que a análise estilística também pode inserir-se como recurso relevante dentro da dinâmica de apreensão e experimentação dos parâmetros de estruturação musical inerentes ao processo de criação de arranjos para grupos vocais. Busca extrair, a partir de uma experiência de imersão em um determinado repertório, no caso, do Clube da Esquina, recursos que, após analisados, teorizados e interiorizados, retornam ressignificados e recontextualizados, expandindo o âmbito do processo de expressão artística e de constituição da própria identidade poética do arranjador. Em suma, a pergunta central é: Como os elementos composicionais presentes nas obras do conjunto de músicos conhecidos como Clube da Esquina podem contribuir, enquanto recursos de estruturação musical, na elaboração de arranjos vocais de música popular urbana? Balizado pelo referencial Silva Ramos (2003), foram elencados 22 elementos composicionais a partir do processo de escuta analítica de 22 discos lançados pelo Clube da Esquina entre os anos de 1967 a 1979. Esses elementos foram esmiuçados teoricamente e trabalhados no processo de criação de arranjos vocais de oito canções populares brasileiras, duas internas ao repertório do Clube da Esquina e seis de compositores e períodos diversos. Os detalhamentos de como os elementos composicionais do Clube da Esquina concatenam-se com as experimentações quanto ao tratamento harmônico, das interações rítmicas, textural, timbrístico e formal nos arranjos estão explicitados na última parte do trabalho. Questões teóricas e conceituais que envolvem a prática do arranjo vocal na música popular, tais como o próprio conceito de arranjo, conceito de obra e técnicas comumente utilizadas no processo de escrita de arranjos vocais na atualidade são tratadas inicialmente, assim como a contextualização histórica do Clube da Esquina e uma breve revisão dos referenciais teórico-metodológicos. Como conclusão, apresentamos, em forma de diagrama, como os elementos composicionais do Clube da Esquina, em conjunto com as principais técnicas de escrita de arranjos vocais, conectam-se com as experimentações inerentes ao próprio processo de criação de tais arranjos. / The purpose of this thesis is to create a set of structuring procedures for vocal arrangements based on the analysis of compositional elements found in music produced by the group of musicians known as \"the Corner Club\". It aims to explore the idea that stylistic analysis can also be considered a relevant resource in the dynamics of apprehension and experimentation of musical structuring parameters intrinsic to the process of creating arrangements for vocal groups. It also seeks to extract, from an immersive experience in a given repertoire (in this case by \"The Corner Club\"), resources that, after being analyzed, theorized and internalized, are reinterpreted and re-contextualized, expanding the scope of the artistic expression process and the constitution of the arranger\'s own poetic identity. In short, the central question is: How the compositional elements found in the works by the group of musicians known as \"the Corner Club\" can contribute, as musical structuring resources, in the elaboration of vocal arrangements of urban popular music? Based on Silva Ramos\'s reference (2003), 22 compositional elements were listed adopting the process of analytically listening to 22 records released by the Corner Club between 1967 and 1979. These elements were theoretically detailed and used in the creation of vocal arrangements of eight Brazilian popular songs, two from the Corner Club\'s repertoire and six from different periods and by different composers. The final part of this thesis presents a detailed explanation on how the compositional elements from the Corner Club are concatenated with experimentations related to the harmonic treatment, rhythmic interactions, textural, timbral and formal aspects in the arrangements. Theoretical and conceptual issues related to the practice of vocal arrangement in popular music, such as the concept of arrangement itself, the concept of musical work and techniques commonly used in the process of writing vocal arrangements at present are treated in the beginning, as well as a historical contextualization about the Corner Club and a brief review of theoretical and methodological references. As a conclusion, we present, in the form of a diagram, how the compositional elements from the Corner Club, in conjunction with the main techniques for writing vocal arrangements, are connected to the experimentations that are inherent to the process of creating such arrangements.

This diploma thesis is a sociolinguistic analysis of speeches rendered in English by members of the European Parliament. The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the stylistic patterns in speeches of members of the European Parliament based on gender, as a sociolinguistic factor. This thesis is based on three main linguistic disciplines: grammar, stylistics and sociolinguistics. The practical part is based on a research of 100 randomly chosen members of the European Parliament, 50 men and 50 women, whose speeches rendered in English, were transcribed and analyzed by the quantitative method used for a comparison of linguistic features. This thesis predominantly focuses on grammatical analysis of parts of speech and syntax. It also deals with hyper- sentential links: cohesion and coherence. This thesis also includes profiles of MEP which, together with other sociolinguistic researches, help to interpret the results of a grammatical analysis. The practical part is concluded by profiles of hypothetic MEPs who are likely to render their speech in English.

Este trabalho propõe-se a criar um conjunto de procedimentos de estruturação de arranjos vocais próprio a partir da análise dos elementos composicionais presentes nas músicas produzidas pelo agrupamento de músicos conhecidos pelo termo Clube da Esquina. Visa explorar a ideia de que a análise estilística também pode inserir-se como recurso relevante dentro da dinâmica de apreensão e experimentação dos parâmetros de estruturação musical inerentes ao processo de criação de arranjos para grupos vocais. Busca extrair, a partir de uma experiência de imersão em um determinado repertório, no caso, do Clube da Esquina, recursos que, após analisados, teorizados e interiorizados, retornam ressignificados e recontextualizados, expandindo o âmbito do processo de expressão artística e de constituição da própria identidade poética do arranjador. Em suma, a pergunta central é: Como os elementos composicionais presentes nas obras do conjunto de músicos conhecidos como Clube da Esquina podem contribuir, enquanto recursos de estruturação musical, na elaboração de arranjos vocais de música popular urbana? Balizado pelo referencial Silva Ramos (2003), foram elencados 22 elementos composicionais a partir do processo de escuta analítica de 22 discos lançados pelo Clube da Esquina entre os anos de 1967 a 1979. Esses elementos foram esmiuçados teoricamente e trabalhados no processo de criação de arranjos vocais de oito canções populares brasileiras, duas internas ao repertório do Clube da Esquina e seis de compositores e períodos diversos. Os detalhamentos de como os elementos composicionais do Clube da Esquina concatenam-se com as experimentações quanto ao tratamento harmônico, das interações rítmicas, textural, timbrístico e formal nos arranjos estão explicitados na última parte do trabalho. Questões teóricas e conceituais que envolvem a prática do arranjo vocal na música popular, tais como o próprio conceito de arranjo, conceito de obra e técnicas comumente utilizadas no processo de escrita de arranjos vocais na atualidade são tratadas inicialmente, assim como a contextualização histórica do Clube da Esquina e uma breve revisão dos referenciais teórico-metodológicos. Como conclusão, apresentamos, em forma de diagrama, como os elementos composicionais do Clube da Esquina, em conjunto com as principais técnicas de escrita de arranjos vocais, conectam-se com as experimentações inerentes ao próprio processo de criação de tais arranjos. / The purpose of this thesis is to create a set of structuring procedures for vocal arrangements based on the analysis of compositional elements found in music produced by the group of musicians known as \"the Corner Club\". It aims to explore the idea that stylistic analysis can also be considered a relevant resource in the dynamics of apprehension and experimentation of musical structuring parameters intrinsic to the process of creating arrangements for vocal groups. It also seeks to extract, from an immersive experience in a given repertoire (in this case by \"The Corner Club\"), resources that, after being analyzed, theorized and internalized, are reinterpreted and re-contextualized, expanding the scope of the artistic expression process and the constitution of the arranger\'s own poetic identity. In short, the central question is: How the compositional elements found in the works by the group of musicians known as \"the Corner Club\" can contribute, as musical structuring resources, in the elaboration of vocal arrangements of urban popular music? Based on Silva Ramos\'s reference (2003), 22 compositional elements were listed adopting the process of analytically listening to 22 records released by the Corner Club between 1967 and 1979. These elements were theoretically detailed and used in the creation of vocal arrangements of eight Brazilian popular songs, two from the Corner Club\'s repertoire and six from different periods and by different composers. The final part of this thesis presents a detailed explanation on how the compositional elements from the Corner Club are concatenated with experimentations related to the harmonic treatment, rhythmic interactions, textural, timbral and formal aspects in the arrangements. Theoretical and conceptual issues related to the practice of vocal arrangement in popular music, such as the concept of arrangement itself, the concept of musical work and techniques commonly used in the process of writing vocal arrangements at present are treated in the beginning, as well as a historical contextualization about the Corner Club and a brief review of theoretical and methodological references. As a conclusion, we present, in the form of a diagram, how the compositional elements from the Corner Club, in conjunction with the main techniques for writing vocal arrangements, are connected to the experimentations that are inherent to the process of creating such arrangements.

The present diploma thesis deals with spoken media communication, conducting a stylistic analysis of the language means used in the Hyde Park Civilizace pop-science programme. The thesis focuses on the evaluation of the language means used both by the host and the guests appearing on the show. The research sample consists of a cross-section of nine episodes aired within the first three years of the programme, i.e. 2012-2014. The goal of the thesis is to provide an objective assessment of the spokenness in live discussions on a Czech Television programme. Thus, this specific analysis aims to enhance the language standard of the public media in the Czech Republic. The research part follows up the theoretical part which describes spoken media communication based on the specialist literature.

Questo lavoro si concentra sul testo À la Recherche du temps perdu di Marcel Proust rintracciando e catalogando tutte le indicazioni cromatiche presenti nell’opera (aggettivi di colore, verbi, sostantivi di colore, ecc.). Considerando lo statuto del colore – fondamentalmente ambiguo – tra la fine del XIX secolo e l’inizio del XX (nella teoria scientifica, così come nella riflessione filosofica, psicologica e artistica), la tesi dimostra la presenza di svariate linee di forza (sovrapposte, contraddittorie, ambigue) nel trattamento del fenomeno “colore” all’interno del testo letterario. Infine, la tesi analizza come le occorrenze cromatiche del testo proustiano si legano a scelte stilistiche precise (ad esempio: strutture sintattiche parallele, sinestesie, participi e adjectifs verbaux, metonimie…), dal momento che il colore proustiano provoca nel testo uno scarto rispetto alla norma. / This work focuses on the text À la Recherche du temps perdu by Marcel Proust: it scans and classes all the chromatic references of the text (colour adjectives, colour verbs, colour nouns and so on). Considering the ambiguous status of colour between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th (in the scientific field, as well as in the philosophic, psychological and artistic domain), this theses shows the presence of contradictory trends of the use of colours inside a literary text. Finally, the work shows how the colour references in the Proustian text are linked to recurrent stylistic devices (parallelism of syntax constructions, use of synesthesias, use of present participles of verbs, use of metonymies…), confirming that the presence of colour in the artistic text causes a gap in comparison with the standard French syntax.