Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andreia Medolago de Medeiros.pdf: 1873023 bytes, checksum: 020e462dd307d5c04123a5ed38c4fef3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Sugar production in Brazil begins with occupation of the colony and during the 18th Century is one of the most important activities developed in Brazil. The lack of investment and high charges levied by Portugal, in addition to the restrictions on the press have hampered innovations. The only published work in Brazil dedicated to main items produced in Brazil sugar, tobacco and gold is made by Antonil, titled Culture and Opulence of Brazil: for its drugs and mines, being collected and burned shortly after its publication. With the creation of the Literary Home of Arco do Cego, Frei Veloso dedicates a series of works devoted to agricultural improvement, many of which related to the sugar production. It is in this context that, in 1800, Veloso republished partially the work of Antonil, adding to it an appendix with the indication of a new milling. In this work we will expose the techniques used in the sugar production, throughout the 18th century in Brazil, seeking, on the one hand, studying the methods of sugar production and, on the other hand, to analyze the possible changes in techniques, arising from the need to improve the yield of the sugar from the mills of Pernambuco, in the early 19th century / A produção de açúcar no Brasil se inicia com a ocupação da colônia e ainda durante o século XVIII é uma das mais importantes atividades desenvolvidas no Brasil. A falta de investimentos e os altos encargos cobrados por Portugal, além da restrição à imprensa dificultam as inovações. A única obra publicada no Brasil dedicada aos principais itens produzidos no Brasil açúcar, tabaco e ouro - é feita por Antonil, com o título de Cultura e Opulência do Brasil: Por Suas Drogas e Minas, sendo recolhida e queimada logo após sua publicação. Com a criação da Casa Literária do Arco do Cego, Frei Veloso dedica uma série de obras voltadas ao melhoramento agrícola, muitas delas direcionadas à produção de Açúcar. É nesse contexto que, em 1800 Veloso republica parcialmente a obra de Antonil, adicionando a ela um apêndice com a indicação de uma nova moenda. Neste trabalho vamos expor as técnicas utilizadas na produção do açúcar, ao longo do século XVIII no Brasil, buscando, por um lado, estudar os métodos de produção do açúcar e, por outro, analisar as possíveis modificações nas técnicas, decorrentes da necessidade de melhorar o rendimento do açúcar obtido nos engenhos de Pernambuco, no início do século XIX

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:23:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 madaleno_ll_dr_jabo.pdf: 376334 bytes, checksum: cea2c54fb353dc281d93ec87116a971a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Com a ampliação de áreas de colheita de cana sem queima da palha (cana crua) no estado de São Paulo observou-se aumento na população de insetos considerados de importância secundária, como as cigarrinha-das-raízes. Essa praga causa redução da qualidade da matéria-prima e os efeitos indiretos da elevada infestação na cana podem reduzir a qualidade do açúcar produzido. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a influência da praga na qualidade do açúcar, através da composição de feixes, conforme o tratamento, de colmos sadios e danificados pelo inseto (0, 15, 30 e 60% de danos), em duas épocas de avaliação. Foi observada também, a influência de diferentes métodos de controle da elevada população da praga e compararam-se as amostras de açúcar produzidas das áreas com a praga e em escala de laboratório, com o produzido nas usinas da região de Jaboticabal-SP. Observou-se nos trabalhos que os danos promovidos pela cigarrinha-das raízes reduziram a qualidade tecnológica do caldo e, por consequência, do açúcar produzido. Dependendo da época de colheita o prejuízo pode ser mais elevado. Houve melhora parcial da qualidade do açúcar com os métodos de controles da praga utilizados e foram encontrados parâmetros indicadores de redução de qualidade do açúcar proveniente de áreas de canas atacatadas por pragas: umidade, cinzas, compostos fenólicos totais e cor / With the increased of green cane fields on Sao Paulo State was observed spittlebugs infestation rise, which earlier, were considered secondary pest. This insect cause reduces on cane quality and indirect effects by high infestation that may diminish sugar quality. The aim of this study was evaluate pest interference on sugar quality, by sheaf composition, according to treatment, of healthy and damaged stalks by insect (0, 15, 30 and 60% of damaged stalks), evaluated on two harvest seasons. Also, we observed effects of different pest control methods of high population and was made comparison of sugar samples produced by fields with spittlebugs infestation and lab scale, with sugar produced at Jaboticabal – SP region sugar mills. We verified that spittlebugs damaged caused reduction on technological juice quality and, consequently, on produced sugar. Depending of harvest season the injury could be major. There was partial recovery of quality sugar with pest control utilization and were found indicators parameters of sugar quality reduction from fields with pest infestation: moisture, ash, total phenolics compounds and color

Orientadora: Márcia Justino Rossini Mutton / Banca: José Paulo Stupiello / Banca: Newton Macedo / Banca: Ailto Antônio Casagrande / Banca: José Fernando Durigan / Resumo: Com a ampliação de áreas de colheita de cana sem queima da palha (cana crua) no estado de São Paulo observou-se aumento na população de insetos considerados de importância secundária, como as cigarrinha-das-raízes. Essa praga causa redução da qualidade da matéria-prima e os efeitos indiretos da elevada infestação na cana podem reduzir a qualidade do açúcar produzido. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a influência da praga na qualidade do açúcar, através da composição de feixes, conforme o tratamento, de colmos sadios e danificados pelo inseto (0, 15, 30 e 60% de danos), em duas épocas de avaliação. Foi observada também, a influência de diferentes métodos de controle da elevada população da praga e compararam-se as amostras de açúcar produzidas das áreas com a praga e em escala de laboratório, com o produzido nas usinas da região de Jaboticabal-SP. Observou-se nos trabalhos que os danos promovidos pela cigarrinha-das raízes reduziram a qualidade tecnológica do caldo e, por consequência, do açúcar produzido. Dependendo da época de colheita o prejuízo pode ser mais elevado. Houve melhora parcial da qualidade do açúcar com os métodos de controles da praga utilizados e foram encontrados parâmetros indicadores de redução de qualidade do açúcar proveniente de áreas de canas atacatadas por pragas: umidade, cinzas, compostos fenólicos totais e cor / Abstract: With the increased of green cane fields on Sao Paulo State was observed spittlebugs infestation rise, which earlier, were considered secondary pest. This insect cause reduces on cane quality and indirect effects by high infestation that may diminish sugar quality. The aim of this study was evaluate pest interference on sugar quality, by sheaf composition, according to treatment, of healthy and damaged stalks by insect (0, 15, 30 and 60% of damaged stalks), evaluated on two harvest seasons. Also, we observed effects of different pest control methods of high population and was made comparison of sugar samples produced by fields with spittlebugs infestation and lab scale, with sugar produced at Jaboticabal - SP region sugar mills. We verified that spittlebugs damaged caused reduction on technological juice quality and, consequently, on produced sugar. Depending of harvest season the injury could be major. There was partial recovery of quality sugar with pest control utilization and were found indicators parameters of sugar quality reduction from fields with pest infestation: moisture, ash, total phenolics compounds and color / Doutor

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the trends and determinants of South Africa’s sugar production and exports within the TFTA between 1996 and 2014. The specific objectives of the study were (1) to identify trends in South Africa’s sugar production and exports within the TFTA between 1996 and 2014; (2) to determine the drift rate in South Africa’s sugar exports within the TFTA between 1996 and 2014; (3) to investigate the correlation between South Africa’s sugar production and exports between 1996 and 2014; and (4) to determine the factors that affect production and exports in South Africa’s sugar industry in order to identify the industry’s major challenges and opportunities for sustained performance. The secondary data, obtained from the Economic Analysis and Agricultural Statistics Directorate of the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), were used to meet the first three objectives of the study. The primary data, obtained by means of a survey questionnaire and interviews with key stakeholders, were used to meet the fourth objective of the study. A 7-point Likert scale was applied to indicate the degree to which each of the determining factors are perceived to affect the performance and resulting competitiveness of the sugar industry. The Johansen test and Porter’s Diamond Model were the analytical techniques used in the study. The results of the analysis of the secondary data revealed continued fluctuations in sugar production in South Africa between 1996 and 2014. On the basis of this, the researcher rejected the hypothesis that there is no trend in South Africa’s sugar production. It was therefore concluded that seasonal variations accounted for these fluctuations in the sugar industry. As determined using the Johansen test, drift rate variations came to 51%, indicating that there is potential for growth in South Africa’s sugar exports. This was confirmed by the results of the bivariate correlation between production and exports which clearly indicated a positive relationship between the two and prompted the researcher to accept the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between the production and export of sugar. In determining the factors that influence South Africa’s sugar production and exports, a number of obstacles to competitiveness success were identified. With regard to sugar production, applying Porter’s Diamond model revealed that the major constraints experienced by respondents in the study area were the availability of skilled labour; cost of doing business; level of infrastructure development; cost of infrastructure; water availability; climatic conditions; soil quality; rainfall patterns; availability of financial services; access to credit; crime; and HIV/AIDS. In terms of exports, tariffs were found to be the major constraint along with certain of the abovementioned factors. While the majority of respondents view macroeconomic policy and trade policy as export constraints, South Africa’s labour, B-BBEE and competition policies are seen as neither constraining nor supportive. Product design; packaging; labelling and pricing; as well as the manager’s willingness to export; level of education and training; length of time in the business; experience; and language had a positive effect on competitive success. / Agriculture, Animal Health and Human Ecology / M. Sc. (Agriculture)

How affected are the sugar production in Mozambique and Tanzania by EU sugar regime? What does the EU sugar reform constitute in these countries? Using theories regarding free trade and anti-free trade, I am able to answer these questions. The aim of this paper is to study how the various sugar agreements with EU affect the sugar production in Mozambique and Tanzania. Therefore I am using a method called a most similar system design in this comparative case study. The conclusion is that the EU sugar regime is the main reason to how the sugar productions in developing countries are. This conclusion is drawn since the difference in their developed sugar production is based on the importance of an advantageous sugar agreement. This can be applied to the case in Tanzania, which had a higher sugar export when the country had an advantageous sugar agreement with EU. Now when the trade has been more liberalized with the sugar reform the country does not have the same advantageous agreements with EU and the sugar export has been smaller. Compared to Tanzania Mozambique has had a better development in their sugar production, since their trade agreements with EU is better today than before 2001.