This diploma thesis is about recreational activities of citizens of Prague in the period from the second half of 19th century through the second half of 20th century. It focuses on the era of industrialization, in which the suburban landscape underwent many changes, mainly thanks to new development of the city. This thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is dedicated to the terms of industrialization and industrial revolution. It moreover deals with stratification of the society, focusing on the middle class, and describes recreational activities in different resorts. From the recreational activities, tramping and settlement establishing are specifically described. The empirical part is dedicated to two recreational resorts, Karlštejn and Srbsko, which are one train station apart from each other. In each case there is a description of the location of the resort. The description of the original inhabitants, recreational objects, current inhabitants and their important buildings and the cottage areas is following. One chapter is about a particular tramping settlement in Srbsko called "Valley of Dread". The paper analyzes what builders were chosen by the holiday-makers and also the social characteristics of the holiday-makers. An important chapter is about...

A follow-up study, involving students, parents, and teachers that participated in two types of summer home economics programs in Box Elder County during the summer of 1979, was conducted during August, 1979 to collect data relative to the following objectives: (1) to obtain demographic data as to age, sex, and participation in the program; (2) to obtain the subjects feelings about the program; and (3) to gather opinions and suggestions from the respondents about the programs. Analysis of the data revealed (1) there were more students enrolled in the In-School program than the Home-Visit program. There were more females than males enrolled in the In-School program; more mothers than fathers responded and all teachers returned their questionnaires; (2) there was a high level of interest shown in both programs and (3) suggestions were given to improve the program for another year.

Two common use grazing trials were conducted during two summer grazing seasons (1978-1979) on a typical shrubby grassland site on the Kolob Terrace, about 20 miles (32 km) southeas t of Cedar City, Utah, at an elevation of about 8500 feet (2600 m). Two animal units of ewes with lambs, or cows with calves, or both were stocked in each of six, one acre (0.39 ha) pastures. A five to one substitution ratio provided two single-species and one mixed (five ewes with lambs and one cow with calf) livestock treatments replicated twice . The pastures were grazed for nine days during which time two major experiments were performed.

The Intermountain School started in January of 1950, being converted from vacated arm hospital to a boarding school for Navajo students. Funds for the support of the school are appropriated by Congress through the Department of Interior and the Indian Bureau. The school is exclusively for Navajo students, and it grew as fast as facilities were remodeled and new buildings were constructed, until capacity was reached. During the first school year, 1950, there were enrolled 503 students. This has increased each succeeding year until capacity was reached in 1954-55 when 2,311 students were enrolled. The staff of the school has increased proportionally with the student body. At the time of this writing, school year 1954-55, there are 445 staff members. These include personnel for administration, supervision, instruction, guidance, accounting, health, food and clothing, custodian service, protective service and maintenance.

This s tudy examined feeding behaviors and habitat preferences of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) and elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) in aspen (Populus tremuloides) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) types. Specific purposes were 1) to determine where deer and elk, undisturbed by humans, prefer to graze and rest within these two types and 2) to consider what species- specific characteristics contribute to their differing forage and habitat preferences. Tame free-ranging mule deer and elk were observed for 24-hour periods biweekly through summer to determine their grazing and resting preferences for various habitat subunits. Relative distributions of deer and elk fecal groups were also recorded and compared with actual distribution of the animals . Species dry-weight compositions of monthly diets in the aspen type and lodgepole pine type were quantified by the bite count technique and used as basis for assessing consumption rates , intake and certain aspects of diet quality. In particular, relative digestive capacities of deer versus elk were investigated by using rumen inocula from each species in the fermentation of that animal' s diet, as well as in fermentation of the other species' diet . Crude protein values of diets in the aspen type were also determined monthly and compared with values reported for deer and elk in the lodgepole pine type. In either type , both deer and elk exhibited strong grazing preference for open habitat subunits. However, elk most preferred highly productive meadow bottoms, whereas deer most preferred less productive clearcut lodgepole pine. Aspen forest subunits were also preferred by deer. Clearcutting greatly increased deer and elk grazing use of these areas in the lodgepole pine type, but aspen clearcuts were used about equally to uncut aspen, even though forage production doubled. The reason deer used meadow bottoms less than elk is attributed to the deer's preference for a more digestible diet; deer were generally more selective than elk, especially in meadow subunits where density of vegetation and abundance of nonpreferred grasses and sedges apparently interferred with forage selection and prevented maximum forage consumption rates. Elk had significantly greater digestive capacity than deer and were apparently better adapted to using a more diverse array of plant species as food. In any case, consumption rates were highest on subunits the animals most preferred to graze. The fact that both species made considerable use of less preferred habitat, where consumption rates were "suboptimal", suggests that deer and elk are innately motivated to explore their environments for alternate food resources. Elk generally preferred to bed near where they finished feeding, although always in close proximity to cover. In contrast, deer generally retreated to specific beds which they used repeatedly t hroughout the summer . Deer resting behavior made them better adapted than elk to cope with biting insects. Relative distributions of deer and elk pellet groups differed significantly from actual habitat use by either animal. Importance of the most valuable habitat was underestimated by pellet group distributions, and value of less important habitat was overestimated.

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Many postsecondary institutions have implemented summer bridge programs as a way to assist underprepared students in achieving academic success during the summer prior to their freshman year. The research on these programs is limited and even more limited on programs in the community college ranks. This study examined participants in a summer bridge program from 2015-2018 and compared them to nonparticipants with similar ACT subscores in math and English. This quantitative study answered six research questions about the institution’s summer bridge program. Results showed there was no significant difference between participants and nonparticipants in grade point average (GPA), grades in English Composition I and College Algebra, retention, credit hours earned, and graduation rates. However, the results showed that participants in the program were involved in more discipline issues when compared to nonparticipants. These findings are consistent with some of the literature presented and not consistent with others.

This thesis presents a discursive and historical investigation of the origins and causes of the design review in architectural education. The design review, jury or ”crit” i s an integral and central part of the contemporary paradigm for architectural education – the design studio. The thesis discusses previous research on the design review, which paints a gloomy picture of the learning possibilities of the review. The historical roots of the review are studied with the Swedish context as a focus, showing that the review in its contemporary form was adopted concurrently with the design studio paradigm during the 1990’s. Furthermore, interviews were carried out with instructors at the School of Architecture at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. Results from the interviews point to several contradictions and issues in the discourse about the review. Seeing the concept and faculty of judgment as central to understand the implicit definition of the architect, as manifested in the review and in the canon of the discipline, these findings are the discussed and contextualised. / I detta examensarbete görs en diskursiv och historisk undersökning av kritikgenomgången i arkitektutbildningen. Kritikgenomgången utgör en central komponent i det samtida paradigmet för arkitektutbildning – studion. Examensarbetet går igenom och diskuterar aktuell forskning om kritikgenomgången, vilket ger en nedslående bild av kritikgenomgångens pedagogiska potential. Vidare undersöks kritikgenomgångens historiska rötter med fokus på den svenska kontexten, vilket ger vid handen att kritikgenomgången i sin nuvarande form fick sin roll i svensk arkitektutbildning under 1990-talet, alltså samtidigt med studioparadigmets genomslag. Dessutom redovisas resultaten av en intervjustudie med lärare vid KTH Arkitekturskolan, vilka visar att diskursen om kritikgenomgången innehåller flera motsägelser och problem. Resultaten av undersökningarna diskuteras sedan utifrån en förståelse av omdömet som centralt begrepp och förmåga för att förstå den implicita definition av arkitekten som manifesteras i kritikgenomgången och i disciplinens kanon.

This thesis evaluates expenditures made by Camp Henry patrons during the 2005 summer camp season while traveling to and from the residential camp located in Newaygo County, Michigan. A purposive random cluster sample was collected via self-administered questionnaire on the arrival days of weeks 3, 7, and 8 of the 8 week summer camp season. The data revealed expenditures in each of the categories on the instrument; lodging expenses, food and beverages, private auto expenses, retail shopping, recreation activities, and “other”. Expenditures for the 55 participants and the individuals traveling with them totaled $4,558. The category with the greatest reported expenditures was food and beverage, totaling $1,645 and the category with the least reported expenditures was lodging, totaling $170. First summer camper group expenditures and returning camper group expenditures were evaluated to determine if a relationship exists between inexperienced and experienced campers, a one-factor ANOVA was run with the logarithm of total expenditures and, with a P value of 0.077, no statistically significant relationship is found. A one-factor ANOVA was utilized to evaluate the relationship between participants residing within 35 miles of the residential camp facility and those living further away. With a P value of 0.101, it is determined that hometown does not have an effect on patron expenditures. A regression analysis of the logarithm of total expenditures and income ranges was performed to determine if an individual’s annual income has an effect on expenditures; with a P value of 0.626 no relationship was found. Lastly, a regression analysis of the logarithm of total expenditures and participant age was run to determine if a relationship between a participant’s age and the amount spent exists. With a P value of 0.574, no statistically significant relationship exists. Limitations of the study include a small sample size, the inability of participants to accurately predict return trip expenditures, and the close proximity of participant residences to the camp facility. Although no statistically significant relationships were found, the expenditure information can be used to develop partnerships between local businesses and the residential summer camp. The possibility of exploring the camp going population and their monetary value to host communities is a worthwhile subject for further scrutiny. The information presented here can be used as a starting point for future studies on expenditures of residential camp patrons.

No description available.