La turbine Pelton est une turbine hydraulique dont le fonctionnement se caractérise par l’interaction d’un jet d’eau avec les augets d’une roue. Cette étude a pour but de comprendre les phénomènes influençant le jet et son interaction avec les augets. Pour cela deux actions différentes ont été menées. Une première a visé à caractériser expérimentalement la fragmentation d’un jet de turbine Pelton. La seconde s’est attachée à développer une méthode numérique pouvant mener`à la simulation précise de jets réels de turbines Pelton. La partie expérimentale a permis de déterminer le mode de fragmentation de ces jets (atomisation turbulente), mais aussi l’influence de la rugosité des parois de l’injecteur sur les performances de la turbine. La participation de ce travail à un projet expérimental a permis de montrer l’influence de l’écoulement en sortie d’injecteur sur la fragmentation du jet. Les phénomènes physiques influençant principalement l’évolution du jet ont ainsi été déterminés. La partie numérique a eu pour but de mettre en place une méthode permettant de simuler l’évolution d’un jet de turbine Pelton (fragmentation) et son interaction avec un auget. Etant donnés les progrès de la méthode SPH-ALE pour la simulation d’impact de jets pour les turbines Pelton, il a été décidé d’adapter cette méthode pour les simulations visées. Ainsi une étude du choix de la vitesse des interfaces de problème de Riemann a permis de réaliser un modèle multiphase stable pour les forts rapports de densité (eau-air). Cette méthode s’est avérée garantir les propriétés de continuité de vitesse normale et de pression à l’interface entre les fluides. L’ajout des phénomènes de tension de surface s’est fait par l’adaptation du modèle CSF (Continuum Surface Force) et le développement d’un second modèle nommé Laplace Law Pressure Correction (LLPC).L’intégration du saut de pression dans le solveur de Riemann a nécessité une étude précise du calcul de la courbure et a permis d’améliorer la simulation de loi de Laplace. La méthode numérique a été ensuite validée sur les cas académiques d’onde gravitaire, de rupture de barrage et d’oscillation de goutte. Les ressources en mémoire et le temps de calcul associé à cette méthode ont nécessité la parallélisation du code de calcul. Le caractère lagrangien de la méthode a très largement influencé la méthode de découpe de domaine pour permettre une bonne répartition de la charge de calcul entre les différents processeurs. En conclusion les phénomènes physiques influençant la fragmentation de jets issus d’injecteurs de turbine Pelton sont désormais mieux connus et ils ont pu être introduits dans la méthode numérique. Les prochains développements porteront sur la simulation de jets dont la condition d’entrée s’attachera à être représentative des caractéristiques d’un écoulement en sortie d’un injecteur de turbine Pelton. / A Pelton turbine is characterized by a water jet which is impacting rotating buckets. The main goal of this study is to understand the phenomena which are impacting the jet and its interaction with the bucket. This study was considering two main works. One is considering experiments which allow determining the jet fragmentation. The second part considers development of a numerical code able to reproduce phenomena linked to Pelton jet fragmentation. The experimental part succeeds to associate Pelton jet behavior with mode of jet fragmentation (turbulent dispersion) and shows the impact of hydraulic roughness on Pelton turbine performances. The access to experimental results from a project involving this PhD work, demonstrates the role of the inlet velocity/turbulence profile on the jet fragmentation. The numerical part used the SPH-ALE (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics - Arbitrary Lagrange Euler) method to implement physical models linked with jet fragmentation. This choice was done because of its ability to predict pressure fields resulting of the interaction of a water jet and a rotating bucket. A multiphase model was developed based on a modification of the velocity of the interface of Riemann problem. This model does not diffuse the interface and recovers continuity of normal velocity and pressure at the interface between both fluids. Surface tension effect was implemented through an adaptation of the CSF (Continuum Surface Force) model and through amodel called LLPC for Laplace Law Pressure Correction. A study of the computational methods to determine the interface curvature was performed for the integration of the pressure jump in the Riemann solver. Validation was done on academicals test cases as gravity waves, dam breakor droplet oscillations. The numerical code was parallelized to perform large numerical simulations.To conclude, the numerical code integrates physical phenomena which were shown as important in the experiments. The developments will try to perform jet simulation with inlet condition which will be representative of flow conditions at the outlet of a Pelon turbine injector.

Micro-assembly processes suffer from some breaches due to the continuing trend towards an increase in the production capabilities as well as in the size reduction of the components manipulated. Usual manipulating schemes have reached their limit and capillary forces constitute a valuable alternative strategy.<p><p>The goal of this work is to describe the dynamics of liquid bridges in the application of micro-assembly processes. The description is obtained using the Kelvin-Voigt model, with a spring, a damper, and a mass connected in parallel, supported by numerical simulations, analytical approximations and experiments.<p><p>The works is divided into three parts. First we present important aspects of microfluidics, as well as the constitutive equations and an overview of numerical approaches used to describe fluid flow problems with moving interfaces.<p><p>The second part is devoted to the capillary rise case, intended to validate and to compare the numerical approaches to analytical laws and experimental results. The implementation of the slipping and the dynamic contact angles is discussed.<p><p>The last part focuses on the dynamics of the liquid bridge. The liquid bridge is confined between two circular and parallel plates and presents an axial symmetry. The description reveals that the stiffness depends on the surface tension and on the shape of the air/liquid interface, the damping coefficient depends on the viscosity and the volume of liquid and the equivalent mass depends on the density and the volume.<p> / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Orientador: Sandra Cristina dos Santos Rocha / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T01:48:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Donida_MartaWilk_D.pdf: 11312080 bytes, checksum: bb1dd03e1f1adcf362e6bfcdcf1ba9c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: O recobrimento de partículas em leito de jorro tem aplicações em diversos produtos como comprimidos, cosméticos, alimentos, sementes, fertilizantes, etc. No processo de recobrimento o desempenho é dependente de um conjunto de características do sólido a ser recoberto, da suspensão de revestimento, da adesão líquido-sólido e das condições operacionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o desempenho do processo de recobrimento em leito de jorro verificando as influências das características do sólido (tamanho, forma, densidade, porosidade, e ângulo de contato) e da suspensão (densidade, reologia, tensão superficial e molhabilidade). Para este estudo foram utilizados diferentes tipos de partículas (esferas de vidro, placebos, poliestireno, etc.) e diferentes formulações de suspensões poliméricas aquosas que ofereçam a variação das características, do sólido e da suspensão, que influenciam o processo. O recobrimento foi realizado em leito de jorro, em condições operacionais pré-fixadas, para cada conjunto partícula-suspensão, mantendo estabilidade fluidodinâmica do leito para as diferentes partículas. Para quantificar a influência das características do sólido e da suspensão no processo de recobrimento foram avaliadas a taxa de crescimento, a eficiência e a qualidade do recobrimento (superfície, distribuição do filme, porosidade). O estudo das influências das características do sólido e do líquido no processo de recobrimento foi realizado em duas etapas: primeira etapa:o recobrimento de partículas de propriedades físicas distintas com uma única suspensão de recobrimento; segunda etapa: recobrimento de um único tipo de partícula com suspensões de recobrimento de diferentes características físico-químicas. Identificou-se que o ângulo de contato entre a suspensão de recobrimento e a superfície das partículas pode ser utilizado como indicativo do tipo de operação unitária a ser obtida no leito de jorro: secagem da suspensão ou recobrimento das partículas. A adesão da suspensão na superfície da partícula, durante o processo de recobrimento e secagem de suspensão em leito de jorro, não é dependente apenas do trabalho de adesão, ou seja, das forças interfaciais, mas de um conjunto de variáveis como o comportamento fluidodinâmico, o atrito inter-partícula, a atomização da suspensão e mudança da molhabilidade das interfaces durante o processo. A interação inicial da partícula inerte-suspensão determina a operação (recobrimento ou secagem), enquanto a interface filme-suspensão, ou seja, forças de adesão entre a superfície recoberta e a suspensão, pode ser responsável pelo processo de recobrimento em relação à eficiência e crescimento por formação de camadas de filme. A eficiência do processo mostrou ser influenciada por uma interferência complexa de mais de uma característica, ou seja, o resultado de um conjunto de condições interfaciais, reológicas, operacionais e de atomização da suspensão. Pôde-se verificar que as propriedades fisico-químicas influenciam significativamente o crescimento das partículas. As partículas crescem mais quando a suspensão de recobrimento possui maior concentração de sólidos, maior densidade, maior viscosidade aparente e maior força de adesão com a superfície da partícula. As mudanças da molhabilidade das interfaces sólido-líquido durante o processo de recobrimento afetam a eficiência do processo / Abstract: Coating of partic1es in spouted bed can be applied to several products such as tablets, cosmetics, foodstuff, seeds, fertilizers, etc. In the coating process, the performance depends upon the characteristics of the solids to be coated, the coating suspension, the liquid-solid adhesion and the operational conditions. The objective of this work is to analyze the performance of the coating process into a spouted bed verifying the influences of the solid characteristics (size, shape, density, porosity and contact angle) and the suspension characteristics (density, rheology, surface tension, and wettability). To accomplish that, different types of partic1es were used (glass beads, placebo' s tablets, polystyrene, etc) and different aqueous polymeric suspension formulations to obtain the variation in the characteristics to be studied, and influence the process. The study of the influences of the solid and the liquid characteristics in the coating process were carried out in two steps. First step: coating of the partic1es with different physical properties using a single suspension formulation; second step: coating of a single type of partic1e using coating suspensions with different physicochemical properties. It was identified that the contact angle between the coating suspension and the partic1es surface can be used as an indicator of the type of unit operation obtained in the spouted bed: suspension drying or partic1e coating. Suspension adhesion on the partic1e surface, during the coating and the drying into a spouted bed, is not dependent only on the adhesion work (interfacial forces), but also on a series of variables like the fluid dynamic behavior of the bed, inter-partic1es friction, suspension atomization and the change on the wettability of the surfaces during the process. The initial interaction of the inert particle-suspension determines the operation, either drying or coating, while the interface film-suspension (attraction between the coated surface and the suspension) can be responsible for the coating process in relation to its efficiency and the growth of film layers on the particles. The process efficiency seems to be influenced by a set of interfacial, rheological, operational and atomization conditions. It can be verified that the physicochemical properties influence significant1y the growing of the partic1es. Partic1es grow more when the suspensions have higher solids concentrations, greater density, greater apparent viscosity and greater adhesion attraction with the particle surface. The changes in the wettability of the solid-liquid interface during the coating process affect the process efficiency / Doutorado / Engenharia de Processos / Doutor em Engenharia Química

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:20:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-28 / The success of artificial neural networks (ANN) applications as an alternative modeling technique to response surface methodology (RSM) has attracted interest from major industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, oil, food, petroleum and surfactants, among others. Development of production media is a strategic area for the industry of biosurfactants by to increase efficiency and reduce costs of the process. In this area, surface tension measurements and emulsification activity has been routinely used for indirect monitoring of biosurfactant production. In this paper, the capabilities of RNA-based modeling and MSR were compared in surface tension estimation of biosurfactant production media. The two techniques used experimental data from the central composite design with four axial points and three replicates at the central point. The concentrations of ammonium sulfate and potassium monobasic phosphate were used as independent variables. The surface tensions of cell-free broths, with 96 h, of biosurfactant production media by Candida lipolytica UCP 988 in sea water were used as response variable. The results demonstrated the superiority of the RNA-based methodology. The quadratic model obtained using MSR showed a coefficient of determination equal to 0.43 and highly significant lack of fit. The fit of the model RNA based on experimental data was excellent. Simulations with the model using the training, validation an test sets showed root mean squared error (rmse) of less than 0.05 and coefficients of determination higher than 0.99. In this context, the RNA-based estimation of surface tension from the constituents of biosurfactant production media showed to be an efficient, reliable and economical method to monitor the biosurfactant production. The work also showed the ability of the yeast Candida lipolytica UCP 0988 use corn oil and produce biosurfactants in extremely alkaline sea water (initial pH 14), supplemented with sources of nitrogen and phosphorus / O sucesso das aplicações de redes neurais artificiais (RNA) como técnica de modelagem alternativa à metodologia de superfície de resposta (MSR) tem atraído o interesse de grandes indústrias, como a farmacêutica, a de cosméticos, a de alimentos, a de petróleo e a de surfactantes, entre outras. Desenvolvimento de meios de produção é uma área estratégica para a indústria de biossurfactantes por aumentar a eficiência e reduzir custos do processo. Nesta área, determinações de tensão superficial e de atividade de emulsificação vem sendo usadas rotineiramente para monitoramento indireto da produção de biossurfactantes. No presente trabalho, as capacidades de modelagem de metodologia baseada em RNA e metodologia de superfície de resposta foram comparadas na estimação de tensão superficial de meios de produção de biossurfactante. As duas técnicas usaram dados experimentais obtidos de planejamento composto central, com 4 pontos axiais e 3 repetições no ponto central, tendo as concentrações de sulfato de amônio e fosfato monobásico de potássio como variáveis independentes e como variável resposta a tensão superficial de líquidos metabólicos, com 96 horas, livres de células, de meios de produção de biossurfactante por Candida lipolytica UCP 988. Os resultados demonstraram a superioridade da metodologia baseada em RNA. O modelo quadrático obtido usando MSR apresentou coeficiente de determinação igual a 0,43 e falta de ajuste altamente significativa. O ajuste do modelo baseado em RNA aos dados experimentais foi excelente. Simulações com o modelo usando os conjuntos de treinamento, validação e teste apresentaram raízes dos erros quadráticos médios (rmse) inferiores a 0,05 e coeficientes de determinação superiores a 0,99. Neste contexto, a estimação da tensão superficial baseada em RNA a partir dos constituintes de meios de produção de biossurfactantes mostrou ser um método eficaz, confiável e econômico para monitorar a produção de biossurfactantes. O trabalho mostrou também a capacidade da levedura Candida lipolytica UCP 0988 utilizar óleo de milho e produzir biossurfactantes em água do mar extremamente alcalina (pH inicial 14), suplementada com fontes de nitrogênio e fósforo

This diploma thesis focuses on a research of the foam stability of the beer. We specifically observed the influence of ethanol and surface tension on the foam stability, and influence of ethanol and surface tension on the height of the foam. It was observed the influence of the hop acids in non-alcoholic beers. Furthermore, different biosurfactants were added into to the beer to observe better stability of the foam. The theoretical part of this work describes the foam from the physical aspect. There are described fourth key events involved in foam formation. Then it focuses on the beer foam – its structure, substances that influence its behavior and measurement of the foam stability. In this part there are described biosurfactants as well – their characteristics, qualities, distribution and applications. The experimental part is dedicated to the influence of ethanol, surface tension, the amount of iso- acids on foam stability in beer. There is observed the influence of biosurfactants of the foam stability and surface tension, which are added into to the beer. For the measurement of the foam stability was used the Rudin method. Liquid chromatography with DAD detector was used for the measurement the amount of the hop acids. The surface tension was determined by tensiometer. According to the results addition of ethanol changed the characteristics of the foam stability, but it’s not easy to find correlation between the increasing amount of ethanol and its stability. It was found out, that there is connection between the amount of ethanol and surface tension. On the other hand, there is not much connection between the surface tension and foam height. Within the framework of addition of biosurfactants was observed, that these foaming agents interacted the surface tension of the beer (lowering), however these agents accelerated the fall of the beer foam.

Development of composite material is very much progressive sector and leads to evolution of material with new property. This type of material has one, but important deficiency. It is small adhesion armature to matrix. My study is sight on improvement adhesion the surface by deposition self assembled (SA) monolayer from organosilanes. Property of this layer, like thickness, surface tension, homogenity and wettability, was evaluated by the contact angle measurement and spektroscopical elipsometri.

Cette thèse est consacrée aux recherches des propriétés statiques et dynamiques des parois de domaines magnétiques (DW pour Domain Wall) dans les nanofils CoFeB. Un système de mesure basé sur un microscope Kerr à haute résolution a été mis en place et utilisé pour ces recherches.Tout d'abord, les phénomènes liés à la tension interfaciale des parois ont été étudiés. La contraction spontanée des bulles de domaine a été observée directement en utilisant le microscope Kerr. Ce phénomène a été expliqué en utilisant le concept de la pression de Laplace due à l'énergie interfaciale des parois. L'énergie interfaciale des parois a été quantifiée en mesurant le champ externe nécessaire pour stabiliser ces bulles. Le mécanisme de la piégeage et de la dépiégeage des parois dans certaines géométries artificielles, comme la croix de Hall ou l'entrée reliant un carré de nucléation et un fil, a été expliqué en utilisant le concept de tension interfaciale des parois et a été utilisé pour extraire l'énergie interfaciale des parois. Bénéficiant de ces études, une méthode permettant de quantifier directement le coefficient des Interactions de Dzyaloshinskii- Moriya (DMI pour Dzyaloshinskii- Moriya Interaction) à l'aide du microscope Kerr a été proposée. En outre, un nouveau type de capteur magnétique basé sur l'expansion réversible de paroi en raison de la tension interfaciale a été proposé et vérifié en utilisant des simulations micromagnétiques.Deuxièmement, les propriétés dynamiques des parois dans le film et les fils Ta / CoFeB / MgO ont été étudiées. La vitesse du propagation des parois induite par le champ magnétique ou par l'effet combiné des impulsions de champ magnétique synchronisées et des impulsions de courant électrique a été mesurée. En régime précessionne, la vitesse du mouvement DW induite par l'effet combiné du champ et du courant est égale à la superposition des vitesses entraînées par le champ ou le courant indépendamment. Ce résultat nous a permis d'extraire la polarisation de spin de CoFeB dans cette structure. Les effets de piégeage du mouvement des parois dans les fils étroits ont été étudiés. Des champs de dépiégeage associés aux gros défauts pour le mouvement des parois induit par champ dans les nanofils a été mesurée. Il a été constaté que les effets de piégeage deviennent plus sévères lorsque la largeur w des fils diminue. Une relation linéaire entre le champ de piégeage et 1/w a été trouvée. L'origine de ces sites d'ancrage durs ainsi que leurs influences sur la vitesse de mouvement des parois ont été discutées. En outre, il a été constaté que l'effet d'épinglage était amélioré lorsque le courant était appliqué, quelle que soit la direction relative entre le mouvement des parois et le courant. Cet accroissement pourrait être expliqué par l'effet du courant de Hall de spin de la sous-couche (Ta). Bien qu'il n'y ait pas eu de DMI ou de champ planaire, le courant de Hall de spin, polarisé dans la direction transversale, peut exercer un couple sur la parois de type de Bloch, une fois que la paroi s'éloigne de la direction transversale.Enfin, un dispositif mémoire de circuit en forme d'anneau basée sur le travail combiné de STT et SOT a été proposée. Comparée à la mémoire de piste traditionnelle en forme de ligne, cette mémoire en forme d'anneau permet au paroi de demaine de se déplacer dans un nanofil en forme d'anneau sans être éjecté, évitant ainsi la perte des informations associées. Le travail de conception et d'optimisation a été réalisé avec des simulations micromagnétiques. / This thesis is dedicated to the research of the static and dynamic properties of magnetic Domain Walls (DWs) in CoFeB nanowires. A measurement system based on a high-resolution Kerr microscope was implemented and used for these research.First, phenomena related to the DW surface tension was studied. A spontaneous collapse of domain bubbles was directly observed using the Kerr microscope. This phenomenon was explained using the concept of the Laplace pressure due to the DW surface energy. The surface energy of DW was quantified by measuring the external field required to stabilize these bubbles. The DW pinning and depinning mechanism in some artificial geometries, such as the Hall cross or the entrance connecting a nucleation pad and a wire, was explained using the concept of DW surface tension and was used to extract the DW surface energy. Benefited from these studies, a method to directly quantify the coefficient of Dzyaloshinskii- Moriya Interactions (DMI) using Kerr microscope has been proposed. In addition, a new type of magnetic sensor based on the revisable expansion of DW due to DW surface tension was proposed and verified using micromagnetic simulations.Second, the dynamic properties of DWs in Ta/CoFeB/MgO film and wires were studied. The velocity of DW motion induced by magnetic fields or by the combined effect of synchronized magnetic field pulses and electrical current pulses was measured. In steady flow regime, the velocity of DW motion induced by the combined effect of the field and the current equals to the superposition of the velocities driven by field or current independently. This result allowed us to extract the spin-polarization of CoFeB in this structure. Pinning effects of DW motion in narrow wires was studied. Depinning fields of hard pinning sites for the field-driven DW motion in nanowires was measured. It was found that the pinning effects become severer as the width w of the wires scaled down. A linear relationship between the depinning field and w was found. The origin of these hard pinning sites, as well as their influences on the DW motion velocity, was discussed. Furthermore, it was found that the pinning effect was enhanced when a current was applied, no matter the relative direction between the DW motion and the current. We propose a possible explanation, which would be an effect of the spin Hall current from the sublayer (Ta). Although there was no DMI or in-plane field, the spin Hall current, which was polarized in the transverse direction, can still exert a torque on the Bloch DW, once the DW tilts away from the transverse direction.At last, a ring-shaped racetrack memory based on the combined work of STT and has been proposed. Compared with the traditional line-shaped racetrack memory, this ring-shaped memory allows the DW moving in a ring-shaped nanowire and the data dropout problem can be avoided. The design and optimization work was performed with micromagnetic simulations.

Biological degradable polymers on a basis of renewable raw materials, such as polysaccharides, represent promising alternatives to synthetic polymers used as flocculant or stabilizing agents. Polysaccharides derived from potato starch and chitosan have been modified with benzyl- and the first one with additionally cationic hydroxypropyl-trimethylammonium groups of different degrees of substitution (DS). The aim of this work was to characterize the solution properties of these novel amphiphilic polysaccharides concerning the impact of their DS on charge density, particle size, dynamic surface tension and viscosity behaviour. The work is further focused on investigations on flocculation properties of these amphiphilic polyelectrolytes in dispersions of kaolin and silica to identify the interplay between charge density and hydrophobicity. Flocculation efficiency has been evaluated via joint analysis of charge density measurements (using polyelectrolyte titration), turbidity and TOC measurements, as well as dynamic surface tension measurements applying the drop profile analysis. Particle sizes and particle size distributions have been determined by dynamic light scattering and laser diffraction methods. In addition, these amphiphilic starch derivatives have been used to remove substances which impact negatively the paper production process when using recycled paper, so called stickies. Model suspensions have been studied using a multitude of different measurement techniques with the aim to predict a “sticky potential” and to reduce containing dissolved and colloidal substances such as micro stickies. The surface activity and viscometric behaviour have been studied of solely cationic and moderately and highly substituted, amphiphilic polysaccharides in salt-free and 0.05 M NaCl aqueous solution. For the first time dynamic surface tension measurement results have been correlated with particle sizes and apparent charge density. Rheological investigation of large concentration ranges (0.01–20 g/L) was used to discuss Huggins plots and typical polyelectrolyte behaviour for all polysaccharide derivatives could be found. Overlap concentration and, in dilute aqueous solution, intrinsic viscosity could be determined. For polysaccharide solution in dilute regime semi-empirical equations of Rao and Wolf have been applied, making it possible to get insights to polyelectrolyte conformation in dependence on the DS of both substituents. It is shown that for intrinsic viscosity a change of the impact of both substituents takes place when having derivatives with enhanced hydrophobicity. Data evaluation via the ratio of both DS values had been successfully utilized and thus, the applied method has been identified as being a promising tool to compare a multitude of starch derivatives with substituents of different polarity in various degrees of substitution to get tendencies regarding overall hydrophobicity. Moderate hydrophobic substitution was found to lead to a decrease of the efficient flocculant dose and to an increase of the flocculation window width. Amphiphilic starch derivatives with high DS of hydrophobic moieties showing strong hydrophobic association are effective only at significantly higher doses, but in a broader concentration range compared to cationic starch of the same DS. Joint analysis of adsorption isotherms and flocculation test data has revealed, that the surface coverage required to induce phase separation ranges between 10 and 25 % and is minimal for amphiphilic starch derivatives. This gave the evidence of the complex mechanism of flocculation via combination of electrostatic “charge patch” interactions and bridging. Concerning sticky reduction experiments by systematically studying the interactions between the novel amphiphilic starch derivatives and the model suspension it turned out, that dynamic surface tension is a very suitable property to characterize the surface active compounds in the model suspension giving additional information about the sticky potential of waste water, e.g. white water, being a new and sensitive method to describe the parameter “hydrophobicity”. Moderate cationic and hydrophobic starch derivatives have been proved to be the most effective ones for sticky removal.

In order to enhance accessibility to microgravity research, the design process for experiments on the ISS must be streamlined and accessible to all scientific disciplines, not just aerospace engineers. Thus, a general design and analysis toolbox with accompanying best practices manual for microgravity liquid containment is proposed. The work presented in this thesis improves the design process by introducing a modular liquid tank design which can be filled, drained, or act as a passive liquid-gas separation device. It can also be pressurized, and used for aerosol spray. This tank can be modified to meet the design requirements of various experimental setups and liquids. Furthermore, rough simulations of this tank are presented and available to the user for modification. The simulation and design methodology for other general cases is discussed as well. After reading this thesis, the user should have a basic understanding of how liquids behave in microgravity. She will be able to run simple simulations, design, build, test, and fly a liquid management device which has been modified to suit the requirements of her specific experiment. The general tank design can be manufactured using 3-D printing, traditional CNC milling, or a combination thereof. The design methodology and best practices presented here have been used to design tanks used in experiments on the International Space Station for Budweiser and Lambda Vision. Both tanks functioned nominally on orbit. While the specific data from these experiments cannot be presented due to proprietary restrictions, using this thesis as a design guide for new experiments should yield favorable results when applied to new tank designs. If the reader has any questions or would like an updated design process, the author’s preferred contact information can be found using the Orcid iD: 0000-0002-2617-2957 .

No description available.