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The question of how to represent prosodic structure is of current theoretical interest in three dimensional phonology. Two current theories/models of representation are the onset/rime model (Kaye and Lowenstamm 1982, Kaye Lowenstamm and Vergnaud 1987 and Levin 1985) and the mora model (Hyman 1985, McCarthy and Prince 1986 and Hayes 1988). This thesis consists of a detailed investigation of the descriptive adequacy of these two theories for the Japanese language. Japanese can be considered an archetypal mora language since in the indigenous linguistic tradition it is analysed into moras. The version of each model which I am adopting is explicitly stated in a set of universal syllabification rules. This syllabification algorithm is compatible with the following assumptions: (1) a. No predictable prosodic structure is present in the underlying representation. The distribution of glides in most cases is predictable. b. Prosodic structure is built by rule and is erected around a syllabic peak which is determined by the relative sonority of segments and not by a feature [syllabic]. Furthermore, the version of the onset/rime model I propose is a paramaterized model where the unmarked setting does not include a nucleus constituent. This onset/rime model is designed to account for weight distinctions as well as the mora theory. Sample structures from both theories are given below. (2) [Diagram Omitted] A syllabification algorithm for Japanese is adapted from the general algorithm and fitted into a model of the lexical phonology of Japanese. It is shown that Japanese prosodic structure can be generated by rule, in either model, with no underlying distinctions between glides and high vowels, and with no feature [syllabic]. Therefore, it is concluded that both the onset/rime model and the mora model are adequate for describing the Japanese language. This conclusion crucially depends on the parameterization within the onset/rime model. Because Japanese is not the only language which employs the weight distinctions a Type I model represents, the parameterization is necessary for the onset/rime model to remain equal in descriptive power with the mora model. / Arts, Faculty of / Linguistics, Department of / Graduate

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND HUMANITIES / Bibliography: leaves 380-385. / by Donca Steriade. / Ph.D.

Orientador: Gladis Massini-Cagliari / Resumo: A presente Dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo da possibilidade de geminação em Português Arcaico, no período conhecido como trovadoresco, de dois pontos de vista: a partir da determinação do status de grafias duplas de consoantes e vogais e a partir da análise de casos específicos de grafias simples que podem representar sons complexos (no nível fonológico). Como corpus, são consideradas 114 cantigas de amigo e de amor, extraídas de quatro fontes diferentes: Cancioneiro da Ajuda, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, Pergaminho Vindel e Pergaminho Sharrer. Realizou-se, primeiramente, uma investigação a respeito das relações entre letras e sons, na escrita do Português Arcaico, a partir do estabelecimento de contextos de ocorrência e variações de escrita possíveis para uma mesma palavra, ou palavras que contenham contextos de ocorrências semelhantes para um dado valor consonantal e vocálico. Em um segundo momento, os dados obtidos foram interpretados dentro da perspectiva dos modelos de Fonologia Não-Linear a respeito da sílaba, tendo em vista, principalmente, a hierarquia de constituintes proposta pelo modelo métrico (SELKIRK, 1980; HOGG; MCCULLY, 1987; HAYES, 1995; CAGLIARI, 1997; MASSINI-CAGLIARI, 1999a). Foram mapeados todos os casos de consoantes e vogais duplas na escrita e também os casos de escritas de vogais simples, mas que podem ter status de geminadas, interpretando-os, no nível fonológico. Foi feito um levantamento dos casos de sândi de vogais idênticas e dos verbos nos pretéritos perfeito e imperfeito do indicativo que apresentam vogais "suspeitas", por razões dos processos flexionais dos verbos e interpretamos fonologicamente todos os casos quanto ao seu status...(Resumo completo, clicar no acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This Dissertation aims to study the possibility of gemination in Medieval Portuguese, in trovadoresco period (XIIIth - XIVth centuries), from two different viewpoints: the determination of the phonological status of double spelling consonants and vowels; and the analysis of specific cases of simple spelling vowels that could possibly represent complex sounds in phonological level. The corpus is composed by 114 secular cantigas, from four different sources: Cancioneiro da Ajuda, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, Pergaminho Vindel and Pergaminho Sharrer. Firstly, the relations between letters and sounds in Medieval Portuguese writing system were investigated, aiming to determinate the contexts of occurrence and possible variations for the same word representation - or words that contain similar occurrences for consonantal and vocalic values. The data was interpreted from Non-Linear Phonology approach, chiefly those theories concerning the hierarchical structure of the syllable (SELKIRK, 1980; HOGG; MCCULLY, 1987; HAYES, 1995; CAGLIARI, 1997; MASSINI-CAGLIARI, 1999). All the cases of double consonants and vowels in the cantigas writing system were mapped, as well as all the cases of simple vowels that possibly represent complex sounds in phonological level. The cases of external vocalic sandhi of identical vowels and inflexion of verbs in indicative past perfect and past imperfect tenses were also taken into consideration. The analysis shows that gemination in Medieval Portuguese exists, although quantitative distinctions (long vs. short segments) have been lost, from Latin do Portuguese...(Complete abstract, acess undermentioned eletronic address) / Mestre

A central topic of recent research in phonological theory has been the syllable and the question of its internal structure. A common view that emerges from this work is that the syllable consists of two major constituents, the onset and the rhyme. A careful scrutiny of the major arguments for the rhyme, however, reveals that the class of phonological generalizations (rule-types) that are only supposed to make reference to elements within the rhyme make reference to other elements as well. To cite one example, some stress rules are required to make reference to onsets. Moreover, there is other evidence in addition to that from stress rules. Phonotactic constraints can hold across segments in the onset and segments within the constituents of the rhyme. Thus, arguments which have been cited to support the rhyme actually do not support it when additional evidence is taken into consideration. In addition, I demonstrate that analyses of stress rules sensitive to the rhyme and formulated in the metrical framework are also compatible with a rhymeless syllable containing an onset, a nucleus, and a coda. In fact, when onset-sensitive stress rules are considered (and these have not really been considered in the literature until now) it is the latter type of syllable that is best able to handle such stress rules. Finally, external evidence that bears on the nature of syllable structure, such as the "movement" phenomena involved in speech errors and language games, provides indirect support for a syllable that consists of onset, nucleus, and coda, and not a structure containing an onset and a rhyme. I conclude that the syllable structure with the highest degree of descriptive and explanatory adequacy is one that only consists of an onset, a nucleus, and coda.

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Yip Chi Wing. / "August 2000." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: William J. Idsardi, Dept. of Linguistics. Includes bibliographical references.