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Symphony: Tambora is a piece for chamber orchestra that is inspired by the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora in the Lesser Sunda Islands of the Phillipines. Its three movements deal with the genesis of Mount Tambora, the magma chambers filling up and spilling over, and the series of eruptions that resulted in some of the worst climate crises in recorded history. The thesis includes a score of the work, and an accompanying analysis.

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Joseph Joachim Raff, a nineteenth-century composer of Swiss-German descent, emerged during the 1870's as one of the leading composers of the symphony and was heralded by his peers as the successor to the symphonic tradition of Schumann. Of the eleven symphonies published between 186U and 1883, nine are program symphonies. Hired as an amanuensis by Liszt during the latter part of 181+9, Raff became involved in the New Weimar School surrounding Liszt, but disenchantment with their dogmas and a need to preserve his own identity caused Raff to resign his position with Liszt in 1856. Although his symphonies reflect the programmatic philosophy of the Weimar school, they also maintain a strong affinity to the classicism of Beethoven, a quality inherent in Raff's more conservative outlook. In order to become familiar with this large body of orchestral literature which is virtually unknown today, both a programmatic and formal analysis for each symphony has been presented, although in some instances the two could not be separated. The symphonies have been grouped according to related programmatic content. Because of the wider acceptance of symphonies 1, 3 and 5 during Raff's lifetime and the programmatic relationship of nos. 6 and 7 to these, form and thematic charts have been correlated with their more detailed, analyses. The other symphonies discussed are nos. 8-11 which comprise the Seasons cycle. These were Raff's last symphonic works which he composed between 1876-79

For this study, the forms of the movements of forty-four symphonies of Mozart-those appearing in the Breitkopf and Hartel "complete" edition of his works- were analyzed. For convenience of reference, the symphonies are discussed in this thesis in their conventional numbering-that of the Breitkopf and Hartel edition- except for six symphonies that appeared in a supplementary volume and are inserted in this study into their approximately correct chronological positions.

A symphony in three movements with parts for piccolo, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 horns(?), 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, 1 tuba, 1 timpanist, 1 cymbal, 1 triangle, 1 xylophone, 1 piano, 1 harp, violins one and two, viola, cello, and standing bass(?)

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