The aim of this essay is to study the now demolished synagogue in Karlstad, Sweden. Its existence, or rather lack thereof, is shrouded in mystery as it remains unmentioned in most of Swedish architectural history research, and only briefly in historical writing about the city of Karlstad. The essay is an attempt to preserve and immortalise the memory of this lost piece of cultural heritage. To better understand the synagogues unique visual character it is set against two of its contemporary contexts - 19th century synagogue buildings in Europe, and the prayer houses built by the Swedish Free church and Mission movements. Describing and analysing the architecture of the synagogue in Karlstad provides a foundation for comparison between examples of these two architectural phenomena.

The aim of thediploma thesis is to design an architectural study of a new synagogue in Opava for the Jewish community. Content of the work is also a community center and administration. In the deign is a set of three buildings serving the Jewish community. The design is solved as an interconnected space between the public and the Jewish community. With its openness and permeability, it offers the opportunity to look into the Jewish community. The main object, the synagogue, for believers is directly linked to the construction of the Jewish community, where at the same level we can find mikve for ritual purrification. The second object, the Jewish community, offers two business units in the first floor. The important part of the Jewish community is education, and therefore the design of the Jewish community also contains a library and a clasroom connected to this library. The administration itself is located on the private last floor with a terrace. A third building, a community center, has been created to make the public familiar with the Jewish community, its religion and culture. The first floor is used by the kosher restaurant, which can use the central space between the park landscaping for sitting. The Community Center provides a lecture hall on the second floor and a spacious gallery for Jewish artists on the third floor.

This study concerns the multicultural influences which shaped the architectural form and artistic decoration of the Synagogue at Dura-Europos, an ancient city located on the west bank of the upper Euphrates in Syria (244/5 C. E.) Preserving the Jewish tradition after the destruction of the Second Temple, in a location remote from Palestine, was essential in order to maintain a strong identity in the small Jewish community of Dura, engulfed by pagan and multitheistic societies. Biblical narratives were used by the Jewish community to assert their history. In chapter 1, there appears a discussion of what scholars have said about the cultural development of Dura, how the Synagogue paintings reflect it, and how these represent a Jewish identity. In chapter 2, two scenes from the frescoes will be discussed, highlighting the various cultural influences, both foreign and local. On the other hand Rabbinic literature, including the Midrash, the Mishnah and the Mekhilta de R. Ishmael, compiled by the third century C. E., gives a textual explanation for the scenes, emphasizing the strong association that the Jews of Dura had with their roots and heritage.

No description available.

Trata-se de estudar as principais mudanças rituais e doutrinárias observadas recentemente no judaísmo em São Paulo, com ênfase nas transformações introduzidas nas sinagogas da cidade e mais pormenorizadamente na Congregação Mekor Haim. A investigação sociológica está centrada nas modificações que dizem respeito às influências entre o judaísmo asquenazita e o sefaradita, tanto entre ortodoxos e não ortodoxos. Para introduzir a questão no Brasil, a tese se detém preliminarmente nas mudanças ocorridas ao longo da história judaica. / The intention was to study the principal changes in rites and doctrine recently observed in Judaism in Sao Paulo, with emphasis on changes introduced into the city synagogues, the Mekor Haim Congregation in particular. The sociological study focuses on modifications due to influences between Askhenazite and Sephardite Judaism, and between Orthodoxy and Non-Orthodoxy. By way of introduction to the question in Brazil the thesis firstly looks at changes which have occurred throughout Jewish history.

La recherche vise à revoir et analyser la situation du site archéologique de San Pasquale de Bova Marina (RC). Le site, découvert en 1983, a fait l'objet de fouilles archéologiques depuis 1985 qui ont révélé des structures légères de grande importance, parmi lesquelles se trouve un bâtiment classé comme une synagogue juive et daté du IVe siècle de notre ère. À côté de la structure juive ont été mis au jour d'autres bâtiments légers et deux zones de sépulture. Jusqu'à présent, la vie de la synagogue avait été datée du quatrième au sixième siècle de notre ère et les zones funéraires ont été mises en phase avec elle. Grâce à cette recherche, menée sur des documents et à travers une série de fouilles archéologiques, nous avons montré que la durée de vie de la synagogue ne va pas au-delà du milieu du Ve siècle et les deux cimetières ne sont pas reliés à elle. Nous reconstituons aussi plus précisément les différentes phases de la vie du bâtiment juif et leur développement. L'accent est mis sur des reconstructions tridimensionnelles de la mosaïque et de la salle de prière. Nous avons également constaté des différences profondes avec l'autre synagogue découverte en Italie, à Ostie, tandis que nous avons trouvé des points de contact avec les synagogues de la terre d'Israël, en particulier celles de la vallée de Beth Shéan. Le site de S. Pasquale di Bova Marina a donc connu une présence juive à partir du quatrième siècle jusqu’au milieu du cinquième lorsque la zone a continué à être utilisée principalement comme zone d'inhumation, puis l’arrêt de tout type de fréquentation au septième siècle, à l’instar d'autres sites sur la côte ionienne de la Calabre. / The research aims to reconsider and analyze the situation of the archaeological site of San Pasquale of Bova Marina (RC). The site, discovered in 1983, was the subject of archaeological investigations since 1985 and brought to light structures of great importance, among which is a building identified as a Jewish synagogue and dated to the fourth century of our era. Along with the Jewish structure, were brought to light other buildings and two burial areas. Until now, the life of the synagogue had been dated from the fourth to the sixth century of our era and burial areas were put in phase with it. Through this research, carried out on documents and through a series of archaeological excavations, we have shown that the life of the synagogue does not go beyond the middle of the fifth century and the two cemeteries are not connected to it. We also reconstruct more accurately the various phases of Jewish building life and their development. Fundamental point were the three-dimensional reconstructions of the mosaic floor of the classroom and of the hall of the prayer. We also found profound differences with the other synagogue discovered in Italy, at Ostia, while we found important points of contact with the synagogues of the Land of Israel, in particular those of the valley of Beth She'an. The site of S. Pasquale of Bova marina, then, saw a Jewish attendance from the fourth century to the middle of the fifth when the area continued to be used primarily as a burial area and then stop any type of attendance in the seventh century, as other sites places on the Ionian coast of Calabria.

Trata-se de estudar as principais mudanças rituais e doutrinárias observadas recentemente no judaísmo em São Paulo, com ênfase nas transformações introduzidas nas sinagogas da cidade e mais pormenorizadamente na Congregação Mekor Haim. A investigação sociológica está centrada nas modificações que dizem respeito às influências entre o judaísmo asquenazita e o sefaradita, tanto entre ortodoxos e não ortodoxos. Para introduzir a questão no Brasil, a tese se detém preliminarmente nas mudanças ocorridas ao longo da história judaica. / The intention was to study the principal changes in rites and doctrine recently observed in Judaism in Sao Paulo, with emphasis on changes introduced into the city synagogues, the Mekor Haim Congregation in particular. The sociological study focuses on modifications due to influences between Askhenazite and Sephardite Judaism, and between Orthodoxy and Non-Orthodoxy. By way of introduction to the question in Brazil the thesis firstly looks at changes which have occurred throughout Jewish history.

Zugl.: Darmstadt, Techn. Univ., Diss.

(in English): The subject of this thesis is the work of a Jewish architect Jakob Gartner (1860 - 1921) in the fields of sacral and mundane architecture. The paper is limited to structures build on the territory of Austria-Hungary. The beginning of the thesis is dedicated to the emerging emancipation of Jews and their influence on the whole society. Right after is the introduction to the theoretical discussion about the style and form, which were preceding the newly created architecture. After this introduction, the paper is pursuing the person of the architect Jakob Gartner himself. The key part of the thesis presents constructed and only planned synagogues across the countries. In the end the focus dedicated to constructed, mostly Viennese, mundane buildings and constructions like a maternity hospital, villa and a larger number of apartment buildings. The final part of the paper is a complete list of the work of Jakob Gartner, which includes as well the buildings built in the regions of Moravia and Silesia.

There are several references to the passion of Jesus Christ in the Gospels even before the Crucifixion narrative. The diploma thesis discusses the first reference to Jesus' suffering in the Marcan version (Mark 3:1-6). It narrates the healing of a man with withered hand, which Jesus performed in the synagogue on the day of Sabbath before the eyes of Pharisees and Herodians. This is the last one in series of five Galilean conflicts. The importance of the passage is among others in its context with the crucifixion. The thesis starts with examination of the text from a perspective of textual criticism, context, and synoptic comparison. It also discusses the themes of the passage from the perspective of biblical symbolism: synagogue, Sabbath, hand, dry/withered, healing, Pharisees, and Herodians. The last chapter focuses on the revelation of Jesus' power, which approves him as the Lord of the Sabbath here and at the same time functions as a reference to his future crucifixion and resurrection.