From a new perspective, this paper will examine the artillery and the pike role in the period 1700-1712 and the battalion´s battle formation in the Caroline combat tactics. Carolinian battle tactics were practiced during the period 1700-1721. The results from my study will be compared to existing research opinion regarding the selected subject areas, if the result confirms the thesis or question the existing research opinion. The source material used consists of eyewitness accounts from the period consisting of diaries, memoir, biography, general muster rolls and historical literature covering the subject. The analysis shows that the Caroline artillery took part in 12 battles during the period of 1700-1712. The analysis also shows that there was a close working between the infantry and artillery in attacks. This result contradicts the existing facility research mixture view that artillery was subordinate other weaponry because it prevented the Caroline attack tempo. In the analysis of the pike role in Caroline combat tactics, reveals nothing that confirms existing research opinion that the pike was an offensive melee weapon. Instead it seems that the pikes role was a support weapon with a defensive focus. The analysis of the battalion`s battle formation shows that the Caroline battalion battle formation did not follow the regulations of the battle formation. According to the existing research the battalion´s battle formation was as required by regulations. But according to the general muster rolls, there are differences between the battalions when it comes to the relationship of forces. So the Caroline battalion battle formation could not have been strictly required by regulations.

Contemporary criticism of the North American urban public realm has reached an unproductive state of exhaustion. For some time, it has painted a rather bleak portrait of public space attributed to the impacts of global private economic forces, the disintegration of traditional civic ideals and an increasing uncertainty in its ideal (or even relevant) spatial form. If a productive and meaningful dialogue about the public realm and architecture’s contribution to it is to emerge, a more complete definition of this realm must include the impacts of its informal others. This research-based thesis examines the city’s spaces and actors of hidden appearance as a contribution to that expanded definition. In so doing, it finds a more appropriate means for their description in what Henri Lefebvre terms the urban blind field. Just as the human eye’s blind spot is subjective, the urban blind field too is dynamic and shifting. Looking from multiple viewpoints is necessary to the blind field’s exposure and more genuine portrayal. The research centres around a series of blind fields encountered during field research undertaken across Toronto, Canada. Each is reconceived and foregrounded through participant actions upon them, rather than by professional design alone. Three fundamental urban acts — play, exchange and cultivation — serve as a loose framework for the theoretical, photographic and discursive explorations thereof. This thesis asserts that blind fields possess within them the seeds of active urban democracy — challenging contemporary criticism’s bleak claims. Therefore, their maintenance is paramount to a rich and active ongoing public realm. As a relational concept, the blind field also exposes a fertile means of reconsidering architectural praxis and its relationship to space, material, time and participatory hierarchies.

Contemporary criticism of the North American urban public realm has reached an unproductive state of exhaustion. For some time, it has painted a rather bleak portrait of public space attributed to the impacts of global private economic forces, the disintegration of traditional civic ideals and an increasing uncertainty in its ideal (or even relevant) spatial form. If a productive and meaningful dialogue about the public realm and architecture’s contribution to it is to emerge, a more complete definition of this realm must include the impacts of its informal others. This research-based thesis examines the city’s spaces and actors of hidden appearance as a contribution to that expanded definition. In so doing, it finds a more appropriate means for their description in what Henri Lefebvre terms the urban blind field. Just as the human eye’s blind spot is subjective, the urban blind field too is dynamic and shifting. Looking from multiple viewpoints is necessary to the blind field’s exposure and more genuine portrayal. The research centres around a series of blind fields encountered during field research undertaken across Toronto, Canada. Each is reconceived and foregrounded through participant actions upon them, rather than by professional design alone. Three fundamental urban acts — play, exchange and cultivation — serve as a loose framework for the theoretical, photographic and discursive explorations thereof. This thesis asserts that blind fields possess within them the seeds of active urban democracy — challenging contemporary criticism’s bleak claims. Therefore, their maintenance is paramount to a rich and active ongoing public realm. As a relational concept, the blind field also exposes a fertile means of reconsidering architectural praxis and its relationship to space, material, time and participatory hierarchies.

No description available.

An organization, to the purpose of its developing, usually set forth lots of system(s) & regulation(s) inward, and then, operated under well-planned & well-organized framework with the principles of behavior science. However, during the developing of an organization, political problems of conflict and trade occurred, yet existent politics affected the organizational performance. Although ¡¨economic rational¡¨ is an ideal condition/status each enterprise organization sought/persuaded, in fact, the relationship between politics organizational performance is indeed the key issue that human resource of enterprise would get face. This case study via ANOVA to explore the politics of organization members (politics of upward, downward & lateral influence), to realize different methods of power operating and the influence by the performance in the sections of one organization. The results showed several fold: In case of politics of downward influence, there were some relationships between/among age, occupational and higher authority; age and bargaining; education and reason, bargaining. In case of politics of upward influence, there were some relationships between/among age and reason. In case of politics of lateral influence, there were some relationships between/among age and reason, education and reason, friendliness, coalition. In case of influence canonical correlation between politics of upward and downward it appeared to be of remarkable correlation significance in operating model of power between these two categories. Finally, stepwise multiple regression analysis technique showed organizational performance=3.014+0.201 downward rerason-0.459 upward bargaining +0.504 upward friendliness -0.448 lateral sanctions¡]R2=0.417¡AP= 0.000¡^.

<p>Takeovers are used as a mean for companies to grow and gain entry to new markets. Hos-tile takeovers, apart from the friendly takeovers, is when an acquirer tries to takeover a corporation against the will of management, shareholders and board of directors of the target company. All listed companies run the risk of being a target for a hostile takeover, and to-day many companies are trying to involve actions protecting them from possible threats. Lacking protection can evolve into a costly defense program with actions with fictitious names such as White knight, Pac-man and Poison pills. The purpose with this thesis is to describe and analyze hostile takeovers and hostile takeover attempts in Sweden, and the defense tactics involved in the process.</p><p>In this thesis a deductive approach will be used, where theories are used as guidance when searching for explanations. On the basis of the defense tactics described in the theory empirical data has been gathered with the purpose of seeing if the expectations reflect reality, and conclusions about their efficiency. The thesis has used a quantitative research method where the focus is on what, where and when. The aim of the thesis is to classify targeted features and count them, with the intent to construct statistical models with an underlying purpose of explaining what is observed.</p><p>The most frequently used defense tactic used by the target company in a hostile takeover in the Swedish market is to attack the logic of the bid. Around 56 percent of the targets in a hostile takeover or a hostile takeover attempt have used this defense tactic to avoid a hos-tile takeover. The aim with an implemented defense tactic is to avoid a hostile bid or making it impossible for the hostile bidder to proceed with the bid and close the deal. The White knight and White squire defense tactic is the most successful defense tactic when it comes to not finalizing the hostile bid, in 90 percent of the cases the deal is not closed if the target chooses to use a White knight as a defense tactic. A secondary objective with a defense tactic is to force the hostile bidder to increase the bid and pay more for the target company. In the Swedish market, the use of Corporate restructuring as a defense tactic has made the hostile bidder to increase the bid in 67 percent of the cases and the use of Positive public information has forced the hostile bidder to increase the bid in more than half of the cases.</p><p>The question why these defense tactics are the most frequently used strategies, is explained by two variables. The first one is the cost and simplicity variable, where Attack the logic of the bid and Public information ends up. These defense tactics are cost efficient and can be seen as natural step for the target company when deciding not to approve of the offer made by the acquirer. The second variable is the proven efficiency, where the target knows if implementing this defense tactic the risk of being acquired by the hostile bidder is relatively low, a good example of this is the White knight defense.</p>

No description available.

Thesis (M.S. in Systems Engineering (Electronic Warfare))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 1990. / Thesis Advisor(s): Milne, Edmund Alexander. Second Reader: Hughes, Wayne Philo. "September 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on December 29, 2009. DTIC Identifier(s): Infrared detectors, electrooptical detectors, theses. Author(s) subject terms: Electronic warfare, EO/IR system, ground EW system, tactical EW system, Korea. Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-76). Also available in print.

Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science and M.S. in Modeling, Virtual Environments and Simulation (MOVES))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2003. / Thesis advisor(s): Rudolph Darken, Joseph Sullivan. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51). Also available online.

Darwin identified sexual selection as an important evolutionary process resulting from differences among males in their ability to secure mates. In the latter half of the 20th century, it became apparent that females often mate with multiple partners within the same reproductive cycle, leading to the overlap of ejaculates from multiple males and sperm competition for the fertilization of the eggs. Here, I examine how sperm competition has influenced the evolution of Xiphophorus nigrensis, an internally fertilized, livebearing fish with alternative male mating tactics that are dependent upon male size. I find that variation in male tactic is correlated with variation in traits relevant to sperm competition: small males that sneak copulations produce ejaculates with a greater proportion of fertilization-capable sperm (sperm viability) and sperm that is longer-lived following activation compared to large males that court females. Sperm morphology is also divergent between tactics and correlated with sperm performance: smaller males have larger midpieces and midpiece size is positively correlated with sperm velocity and longevity. Social environment also affects ejaculate quality, with sperm velocity rapidly increasing when a small male is exposed to another small male compared to when he is exposed to a large male. Large male ejaculates were invariant across social environments. Next, I demonstrate experimentally that the observed variation in sperm quality has important consequences for the outcome of sperm competition. Males with superior sperm viability sire more offspring, while sperm velocity is negatively associated with sperm competitive ability when sperm are stored within the female prior to fertilization. Finally, I show that sperm competition is likely to have important effects on male reproductive success in the wild by characterizing the genetic mating system of X. nigrensis. I find that 61% of females collected from the Nacimiento Río Choy produce offspring sired by 2-4 males. Paternity is strongly skewed among sires, with an average of 70% of offspring sired by one of the males represented in the brood. These studies illustrate sperm competition can have potent effects on the evolution of animals. / text