The thesis analyses the progression of property tax income during 2009 to 2015 in the chosen cities in the Czech Republic. The property taxes are divided into the tax on land and the tax on the buildings. I have chosen for my analysis some cities in the Pardubice region: Litomyšl, Lanškroun, Moravská Třebová, Vysoké Mýto, Ústí nad Orlicí and Česká Třebová. The partial aim of the work is to analyse the enforcement of the coefficients in the cities, with the impact of tax income, then to calculate the increase of income with applied coefficients.

Diploma thesis aims to identify, describe and compare the level of current similarity between the base for calculating tax on personal income and base of assessment of social insurance in Great Britain, Ireland, Netherlands and the Czech Republic. Firstly, the thesis generally describes systems of integration of personal income tax and social insurance, the various stages of integration and the arguments for and against integration. Furthermore it describes systems of income tax and social insurance in the individual countries and rules for creating the tax base and the assessment base in these countries. In the last chapter there is comparison between the tax base and the assessment base in each country, and comparison of these two bases between all four countries. At the end of this chapter, there is a proposition of possible changes and suggestions for the Czech Republic, inspired by the tax systems of other described countries. The conclusion is, that there is a convergence of rules for calculating the income tax and social insurance assessment base and the largest differences between these two bases are in the Czech Republic.

This diploma thesis deals with the corporate tax, specifically with the comparison of the rules for the creation of the tax base in the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Cyprus and the Netherlands. The target of the thesis is to find out major differences in the structure of the corporate tax base, to assess the profitability of the systems for foreign investors and to formulate the recommendations for the Czech Republic. The thesis describes the legislative regulations of the corporate taxes in particular countries. The comparative analysis and the summary of the results formulated in the final part of the thesis. Furthermore, statutory and effective tax rates are being compared, as well as the share of revenues from corporate tax on gross domestic product and on total tax revenues.

This thesis deals with taxation of permanent establishments and effect of transfer pricing regulation on method of attribution taxable profit to permanent establishments. Firstly, the thesis describes reasons for creation of permanent establishments and analyses how international and local legislation approaches to taxation of their profits. It also examines methods of attribution taxable profit to permanent establishments. Finally, the thesis analyses whether it is possible to use publically available data for determining tax base of "dependent agent" permanent establishment. For this purposes the following methods were used: regression analysis, cluster analysis and logistic regression analysis.

The aim of my thesis is through comparative analysis find the differences between the newly proposed CCCTB directive and corporate income tax systems of France, Germany and Great Britain. The work is mainly focused on the comparison method of depreciation, access to inventory, the amount of corporate tax and transfer of tax losses. Although each system has its tax certain specifics, one would assume that the authors of the proposed directive let themselves be inspired by the strong states of the European Union. However, the final chapter of my thesis shows, that the majority of monitored items was not affected by these states.

The diploma thesis describes in the first part the process of calculation of corporate income tax basis from the accounting profit and subsequently the calculation of corporate income tax according to the actual valid legislation in Czech republic. In second part the diploma thesis discusses the tax optimalization perfomed by companies which is actually significant problem for lots of states. On the concrete examples are described possible ways of tax optimalization related to both small and middle size enterprises and holding companies operated globally.

South Africa changed its tax system from a source-based to a resident-based system in 2001. This change is in line with tax reforms worldwide. However, over the last two decades, personal income tax reforms have not resulted in a noticeable increase in tax revenue worldwide, even though governments find themselves hard-pressed to maintain or increase their expenditure. The aim of this study was to compare the South African tax base, which relies on taxing individuals, with the tax base used in another developing country, namely India, as well as to those applied in two developed countries, namely the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US). This comparison identified similarities and differences between the countries, and highlighted possible improvements to South African tax legislation in order to broaden the country‟s tax base and potentially increase tax revenues. For the purposes of the study, a tax base can be defined as the total income of an individual, after allowing for specified deductions, allowances and other adjustments, on which tax is levied. It was determined that the tax base used in South Africa is similar in some respects to those used in India, the UK and the US. An improvement that South Africa could adopt is the inclusion of the annual value of house property, as specified in the Indian tax system. The employment abroad exclusion from income could be replaced by a foreign-earned income exclusion, as applied in the US tax system. It was also determined that permitting certain deductions could in fact increase the tax base, as these deductions could entice taxpayers to register for tax, therefore increasing tax compliance and ultimately increasing tax revenue. By adopting any of the advantages of the other tax systems, South Africa can broaden its tax base and generate additional tax revenue to support the government‟s needs. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Taxation / unrestricted

Recodification of income tax Accrual model of income determination - its advantages and disadvantages Abstract The aim of this thesis is to describe and evaluate the accrual system of determining the income tax base in connection with a possible recodification of Act No. 586/1992 Coll., Act of the Czech National Council on Income Taxes, as amended (the Income Tax Act), especially by describing the advantages and disadvantages of specific models of determining the tax base based on the accrual principle, i.e., dependent, semi-dependent and independent system. The hypothesis is the statement that the currently used semi-independent system for determining the income tax base (for those entities that determine taxable income on an accrual basis) in the Czech Republic is the most appropriate. The basic source and starting point of this thesis is a document prepared by the working group of the Ministry of Finance entitled "Innovation of income tax regulation", whose task was to prepare a new version of the Income Tax Act and which published the basic theses on the new bill for public consultation in October 2016 entitled Summary of Solutions for Innovation in Tax Regulation and Income Insurance (hereinafter referred to as the "Summary"). Although the intention to recodify the Income Tax Act is currently being...

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена выявлению, оценке и управлению налоговыми рисками на предприятии. Основной целью магистерской диссертации является предложение мероприятия по снижению налоговых рисков и рассчитать их экономическую эффективность для анализируемого хозяйствующего субъекта. / Final qualifying work (master's thesis) is devoted to the study of tax risks of a commercial enterprise. The main purpose of the master's thesis is to propose measures to reduce tax risks and calculate their economic efficiency for the analyzed economic entity.

A partir da decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal proferida no julgamento da Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade 1851-4/AL, os entes políticos, especialmente, estados-membros, passaram a fazer uso pleno e generalizado do regime autorizado excepcionalmente pelo art. 150, § 7.º, da Constituição de 1988, dispositivo inserido no texto constitucional por meio da Emenda n.º 3/93. Trata-se do regime de tributação chamado de substituição tributária para frente, por fato gerador presumido, que abre exceção ao princípio da capacidade contributiva em nome da praticabilidade da tributação. E o objeto do presente trabalho é o estudo dos limites à instituição deste tipo de tributação. Diante da possibilidade de restrição ao princípio da capacidade contributiva, essa norma será o primeiro objeto de análise. Parte-se da teoria dos princípios, por meio da qual se distinguem princípios e regras por critérios estruturais para que se defina o direito fundamental à tributação conforme a capacidade contributiva. Distinguem-se dois direitos fundamentais relativos a dita capacidade, uma regra e um princípio, para, em seguida, focarem-se vários aspectos do conteúdo e aplicação desse princípio. Chegando-se à conclusão da aplicação conjunta do princípio da capacidade contributiva com o interesse coletivo na praticabilidade da tributação, passa-se à análise do instrumento de tal aplicação, que é o modelo da proporcionalidade, conseqüente da distinção entre princípios e regras e definição dos princípios de direito fundamental, como normas com limites definidos por circunstâncias externas ao seu próprio conteúdo. Ao final passa-se à análise de algumas possibilidades de aplicação da proporcionalidade na definição dos limites impostos aos legisladores ao instituírem regimes de tributação por fato gerador presumido. / Since the decision of the Federal Supreme Court on the judgement of the Direct Action ADI 1851-4/AL, the political entities, specially state-members, started to make plain and general use of the regime authorized exceptionally by the article 150, § 7.º, of the Constitution of 1988, clause inserted in the constitutional text by the third Emend (1993). It is a tax regime called forward tax substitution for constructed taxable event, that makes an exception to on the ability to pay principle based on the taxation practicability. The object of this essay are the limits of the use of this regime. Noticed the possibility of restriction to the ability to pay principle, this norm is the first object of analysis. It is started by the principles theory, by which principles and rules are distinguished on terms of structure, to then define the constitutional right to be taxed on the proportion of the ability to pay. Two different constitutional rights related to this ability are distinguished, a rule and a principle. Then, various aspects of the content and application of this principle are focused. After noticing the joined application of the ability t pay principle and the public interest on the practicability of the tax system, it passes to the analysis of the instrument of this application, the proportionality model, which is a consequence of the distinction between principles and rules and the definition of principles of constitutional rights, as norms with limits determined by circumstances out of their own content. Then, the work passed to some analysis of some possibilities of application of the proportionality model on the definition of the limits to the legislators to make use of regimes of taxation of constructed events.