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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Mechanisms of Recombinant Heat Shock Protein 27 Atheroprotection: NF-κB Signaling in Macrophages

Salari, Samira 05 March 2012 (has links)
The O’Brien lab has demonstrated that Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)shows attenuated expression in human coronary arteries as the degree of atherosclerosis progresses. Moreover, over-expression of HSP27 reduces atherogenesis in mice. The precise mechanism(s) for HSP27-mediated "atheroprotection" are incompletely understood. Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is a key signaling modulator in atherogenesis. Hence, this project sought to determine if recombinant HSP27 (rHSP27) alters NF-κB signaling to affect atheroprotection. Treatment of THP1 macrophages with rHSP27 resulted in degradation of IκBα, coincided with nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit and produced transcriptional evidence of activation of NF-κB signaling. When the transcriptional profile of THP1 macrophages treated with rHSP27 was analyzed using NF-κB-pathway-specific qRT-PCR arrays, among the regulated genes, IL-10 and GM-CSF mRNA levels were markedly increased, as were parallel translational effects observed. These data provide new mechanistic insights into the atheroprotective effects of HSP27.
2

Mechanisms of Recombinant Heat Shock Protein 27 Atheroprotection: NF-κB Signaling in Macrophages

Salari, Samira 05 March 2012 (has links)
The O’Brien lab has demonstrated that Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)shows attenuated expression in human coronary arteries as the degree of atherosclerosis progresses. Moreover, over-expression of HSP27 reduces atherogenesis in mice. The precise mechanism(s) for HSP27-mediated "atheroprotection" are incompletely understood. Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is a key signaling modulator in atherogenesis. Hence, this project sought to determine if recombinant HSP27 (rHSP27) alters NF-κB signaling to affect atheroprotection. Treatment of THP1 macrophages with rHSP27 resulted in degradation of IκBα, coincided with nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit and produced transcriptional evidence of activation of NF-κB signaling. When the transcriptional profile of THP1 macrophages treated with rHSP27 was analyzed using NF-κB-pathway-specific qRT-PCR arrays, among the regulated genes, IL-10 and GM-CSF mRNA levels were markedly increased, as were parallel translational effects observed. These data provide new mechanistic insights into the atheroprotective effects of HSP27.
3

Mechanisms of Recombinant Heat Shock Protein 27 Atheroprotection: NF-κB Signaling in Macrophages

Salari, Samira 05 March 2012 (has links)
The O’Brien lab has demonstrated that Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)shows attenuated expression in human coronary arteries as the degree of atherosclerosis progresses. Moreover, over-expression of HSP27 reduces atherogenesis in mice. The precise mechanism(s) for HSP27-mediated "atheroprotection" are incompletely understood. Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is a key signaling modulator in atherogenesis. Hence, this project sought to determine if recombinant HSP27 (rHSP27) alters NF-κB signaling to affect atheroprotection. Treatment of THP1 macrophages with rHSP27 resulted in degradation of IκBα, coincided with nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit and produced transcriptional evidence of activation of NF-κB signaling. When the transcriptional profile of THP1 macrophages treated with rHSP27 was analyzed using NF-κB-pathway-specific qRT-PCR arrays, among the regulated genes, IL-10 and GM-CSF mRNA levels were markedly increased, as were parallel translational effects observed. These data provide new mechanistic insights into the atheroprotective effects of HSP27.
4

Mechanisms of Recombinant Heat Shock Protein 27 Atheroprotection: NF-κB Signaling in Macrophages

Salari, Samira January 2012 (has links)
The O’Brien lab has demonstrated that Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)shows attenuated expression in human coronary arteries as the degree of atherosclerosis progresses. Moreover, over-expression of HSP27 reduces atherogenesis in mice. The precise mechanism(s) for HSP27-mediated "atheroprotection" are incompletely understood. Nuclear Factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is a key signaling modulator in atherogenesis. Hence, this project sought to determine if recombinant HSP27 (rHSP27) alters NF-κB signaling to affect atheroprotection. Treatment of THP1 macrophages with rHSP27 resulted in degradation of IκBα, coincided with nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit and produced transcriptional evidence of activation of NF-κB signaling. When the transcriptional profile of THP1 macrophages treated with rHSP27 was analyzed using NF-κB-pathway-specific qRT-PCR arrays, among the regulated genes, IL-10 and GM-CSF mRNA levels were markedly increased, as were parallel translational effects observed. These data provide new mechanistic insights into the atheroprotective effects of HSP27.
5

Evaluation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway in human myelomonocytic THP1 cells

Guzova, Julia Alexandrovna 07 October 2019 (has links)
Activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex causes the processing and release of mature IL-1β, with mitochondria playing key roles in its assembly. An orally active NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor would be a significant advance in therapy for IL-1β-driven diseases. To overcome both, the variability among primary immune cells and the limitations of genetic manipulation of differentiated human or murine macrophages, we developed a simplified, reliable and relevant cell-based model for studying the NLRP3 inflammasome using the undifferentiated human myelomonocytic cell line THP1. We established that undifferentiated THP1 cells are fully competent for activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and production of IL-1β, without differentiation into macrophages. CP-456,773 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and it is an analogue of glyburide, a sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) inhibitor. Despite the extensive experimental use of CP-456,773, its molecular target remains unknown. Here we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial ABCb7 or ABCb10 could be the pharmacologic targets of CP-456,773. We optimized a viral shRNA transduction method for genetic manipulations in THP1 cells and generated ABCb7 and ABCb10 knockdown (KD) THP1 cells. We demonstrate that NLRP3 inflammasome activation and CP-456,773 pharmacology are not altered in ABCb7- or ABCb10-deficient THP1 cells. For ABCb10, we confirmed these results using CRISPR/CAS9-mediated ABCb10 knockout (KO) THP1 sub-lines. In studies of mitochondrial fitness, we found that a previously observed reduction in oxygen consumption rate (OCR) following nigericin treatment was completely blocked in NLRP3 KO cells. Our data demonstrating that CP-456,773 rescues the NLRP3-dependent nigericin-induced decline in OCR and protects undifferentiated THP1 cells from nigericin-induced pyroptosis are consistent with the possibility that the NLRP3 protein itself may be the molecular target of CP-456,773. Moreover, we showed that ABCb10 KO THP1 cells exhibit increased rates of basal ATP production and glycolysis, suggesting an important role for ABCb10 in mitochondrial metabolism. Finally, RNA-Seq analysis of ABCb7 and ABCb10 KD in undifferentiated THP1 cells indicate new functions for these proteins, including cell communication and migration, apoptosis and cell adhesion. Overall, our findings demonstrate that undifferentiated THP1 cells are an ideal system in which to study the NLRP3 inflammasome.
6

Nanopartiklar av guld, spelar storlek och form roll för aktivering av inflammasomen?

Hosaini, Ali, Farooq, Niazi January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund: Användningen av nanopartiklar ökar varje dag men mycket är oklart i vilkenutsträckning nanopartiklar har hälsopåverkan hos människor. I studier har det visats attnanopartiklar under 100 nm kan passera cellmembranet och under 40 nm kan passeranuklearmembran. I dagsläget används guldnanopartiklar (GNP) inom medicin för visualisering, diagnostisering och läkemedelsbärare. En av biverkningar som GNP kan ha är inflammation. Det finns flera studier som försökt redogöra GNP:s effekter samt hur de uppkommer men det är intehelt klarlagt. Vidare är det inte helt tydligt vilka egenskaper hos GNP som står för de olikaeffekterna. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka rollen som GNP:s storlekar och former har i NLRfamily pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomens interleukin-1β-frisättning hoshuman leukemia monocytic cell line (THP1-celler). Metod: Studien är en experimentell studie där THP1-celler differentieras och exponeras för GNPi olika storlekar, former och koncentrationer. LUMIT immunoassay används sedan för att erhållade olika interleukin-1β-koncentrationerna (IL-1β). Resultat: I datan som erhölls efter att experimenten utförts observerades det att GNP 30 nm i 40μg/mL gav störst inflammasominduktion med en IL-1β-koncentration på 645 ±388 pg/mL.Nästhögst IL-1β-koncentration gav GNP 100 nm i 40 μg/mL på 592 ±270 pg/mL. Slutsats: Nakna GNP kan inducera inflammasomaktivering och på så sättIL-1β-koncentrationshöjningar. De “gold urchins” som undersökts visade sig ha svagarepåverkan på cellerna jämfört med de sfäriska GNP.
7

Intracellular and extracellular regulation of the inflammatory protease caspase-1

Shamaa, Obada 02 October 2014 (has links)
No description available.
8

Cell Damage Mechanisms and Stress Response in Animal Cell Culture

Berdugo, Claudia 25 August 2010 (has links)
No description available.
9

Characterization of a PINK1 Knock out model in Thp1 cell line generated using CRISPR/Cas9.

Baez-Llovio, Saiyet de la Caridad 05 1900 (has links)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons (DN) in the substantia nigra. It is characterized by significant inflammation occurring in both the central nervous system and peripheral areas. Specifically, PINK1 variants have been detected to cause an autosomal-recessive form of the disease. PINK1 plays a crucial role in developing PD and the inflammation process. Therefore, we developed a PINK1 knock-out (KO) model in Thp1 cells using the CRISPR/CAS9 technique to assess the modulation of macrophage activities in the peripheral immune system. Our PINK1 KO models exhibited a decreased Mitochondrial Complex I activity, confirming the disruption of the PINK1 function. Moreover, PINK1 KO clones displayed changes in the expression levels of Tau protein. Furthermore, PINK1-KO macrophages showed increased expression levels of the cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-23, confirming their pro-inflammatory predisposition. Finally, immunostaining results revealed a reduction in the average of lipids droplets per cell, similar to the reduced expression levels observed in SCD5 in our PINK1-KO. Altogether, these data support the role of PINK1 in mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of the peripheral immune system, and lipid dysfunction. Our study suggests that SCD5 could be a potential target for novel therapies. These findings could aid in the diagnosis and open the path to unveiling key pathogenic mechanisms in PBMCs/macrophages that could potentially be used as a disease biomarker in the future. / La maladie de Parkinson (MP) est la deuxième maladie neurodégénérative la plus courante et est causée par la perte de neurones dopaminergiques (ND) dans la substance noire. Elle se caractérise par une inflammation importante, survenant à la fois dans le système nerveux central et dans les zones périphériques. Plusieurs éléments soutiennent l'implication de mécanismes immunitaires dans l'étiologie de la maladie. Plus précisément, des variants de PINK1 ont été détectés comme provoquant une forme autosomique récessive de la maladie. PINK1 joue un rôle crucial dans le développement de la maladie de Parkinson et dans le processus d'inflammation. Par conséquent, nous avons développé un modèle PINK1 knock-out (KO) dans les cellules Thp1 en utilisant la technique CRISPR/CAS9 pour évaluer fonctionnellement la modulation des activités des macrophages dans le système immunitaire périphérique. Nos modèles PINK1 KO présentent une diminution de l'activité du complexe mitochondrial I, confirmant la perturbation de la fonction PINK1. De plus, les clones PINK1 KO présentent des changements dans les niveaux d’expression de la protéine Tau. Les macrophages PINK1 KO ont montré une augmentation des niveaux d’expression des cytokines IL-6, IL-1β et IL-23 confirmant leur prédisposition pro-inflammatoire. Enfin, nos résultats d'immunomarquage ont révélé une réduction de la moyenne des gouttelettes lipidiques par cellule, similaire aux niveaux d’expression réduits observés dans SCD5 dans notre PINK1 KO. Ensemble, ces données soutiennent le rôle de PINK1 dans le dysfonctionnement mitochondrial, l'activation du système immunitaire périphérique et le dysfonctionnement lipidique. Notre étude a montré que SCD5 pourrait être une cible potentielle pour de nouvelles thérapies. Les résultats de nos recherches pourraient faciliter le diagnostic et ouvrir la voie à la révélation de mécanismes pathogéniques clés dans les PBMC/macrophages pouvant être potentiellement utilisés comme biomarqueurs de la maladie à l’avenir.
10

Stress oxydant et glycation : relation structure et activités biologiques de l'albumine in vitro et in vivo dans le cadre de la pathologie diabétique

Rondeau, Philippe 21 September 2009 (has links) (PDF)
La plupart des pathologies, qu'elles soient d'origine génétique ou non trouvent leur origine dans l'altération structural et/ou fonctionnelle de protéines d'intérêt. L'agrégation, la glycation et l'oxydation constituent les principaux types de modification protéique fréquemment observées dans de nombreuses maladies tels que le diabète, l'athérosclérose ou encore les maladies neurodégénératives. Généralement, l'altération des activités biologiques de ces protéines est étroitement corrélée avec ses changements conformationnels et structuraux. L'albumine représente la protéine circulante la plus abondante et constitue le plus important antioxydant du plasma sanguin susceptible d'être exposée à un stress glycoxydant accru, et aboutir à la formation de Produits Avancés de Glycation (AGEs) dont les effets peuvent être néfastes au niveau cellulaire et tissulaire. Dans cette étude, je me suis intéressé à l'effet de trois types d'altérations, que sont l'agrégation, la glycation et l'oxydation, sur la structure, le statut redox et l'activité antioxydante de l'albumine ainsi que l'incidence de cette protéine modifiée sur la physiologie de différentes lignées cellulaires. Au cours de ce travail, j'ai abordé les quatre points suivants : 1. Afin de mieux comprendre l'impact de ces processus altératifs sur les propriétés antioxydantes de l'albumine, j'ai étudié, en utilisant des techniques de la Biochimie et de la Biophysique, les modifications structurales de la protéine soumise successivement à la glycation, l'agrégation et aux deux processus simultanément. 2. J'ai mis en évidence et identifié des cibles protéiques sensibles à l'oxydation au niveau d'adipocytes matures humains incubés en présence d'albumine bovine glycoxydée in vitro. 3. J'ai effectué une comparaison de l'action différentielle des modèles in vitro de d'AGEs préparés à partir de l'albumine d'origine bovine ou humaine au niveau de monocytes THP1. 4. Enfin, afin de valider les caractéristiques structurales et biologiques obtenues à partir de nos modèles in vitro d'AGEs dérivés de l'albumine, j'ai étudié sur des modèles purifiés à partir de plasmas de sujets, l'état structural, redox et antioxydant de l'albumine altérée in vivo. Les résultats obtenus lors de ce travail permettent de mettre en avant l'importance de la structure native de la plus abondante des protéines circulantes sur l'intégrité de ses fonctions biologiques et en particulier sur son activité antioxydante. Également, cette étude apporte un nouvel éclairage sur l'implication de l'albumine altérée dans de nombreux désordres métaboliques tels que le diabète.

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