Objective markers to identify higher fertility individuals are needed to maximize livestock breeding success. Two heparin-binding proteins, which are reflective of fertility in bulls, have been biochemically identified as fertility-associated antigen (FAA) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2). These four studies were designed to examine the importance of those proteins in relation to reproduction in bulls and other livestock species. In the first study, indirect immuno-fluorescent microscopy was performed to localize FAA and TIMP-2 to livestock sperm. FAA was localized on spermatozoal acrosomes of bulls and rams, but no cross-reactivity was observed for stallions. TIMP-2 labeling was observed on acrosomes and posterior heads, which was species dependent. Localization patterns for FAA and TIMP-2 were further investigated during heparin-induced capacitation and acrosome reactions of bovine sperm. In study two, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to determine concentrations of FAA in bovine seminal plasma (SP). A commercially available TIMP-2 ELISA was utilized to quantify TIMP-2. Respective mean concentrations of FAA and TIMP-2 in SP were 6.661.487 ug/ml and 1.180.045 mg/ml. Concentrations of FAA in SP did not correspond to bull fertility potential, however, older bulls with higher concentrations of TIMP-2 in SP sired more calves. The third study evaluated utility of an amplified fragment length polymorphism with bovine TIMP-2 gene specific primers to amplify a 700 bp genomic DNA (gDNA) product from sperm. From 53 bulls screened, 22.6% were negative for the 700 bp amplicon. There was a three-fold likelihood for 700 bp negative bulls to not sire a calf compared to 700 bp positive bulls. The product was cloned and sequenced, but no homology to TIMP-2 was detected. Therefore, the product represented novel bovine gDNA sequence. The fourth study identified an equine homologue to the bovine FAA gene. Immuno-based diagnostics had not detected FAA in stallion semen. The equine DNA homologue was 88.5% identical in nucleotide and 86% in amino acid sequences to bovine FAA. Subtle differences in the amino acid sequence are likely responsible for the inability to detect FAA in stallion semen with FAA antibodies to bovine FAA.

Submitted by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2017-09-29T15:10:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Livia Gusmao.pdf: 1628245 bytes, checksum: 42849e5f87bd042f59660a228ded7164 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2017-09-29T15:10:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Livia Gusmao.pdf: 1628245 bytes, checksum: 42849e5f87bd042f59660a228ded7164 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-29T15:10:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Livia Gusmao.pdf: 1628245 bytes, checksum: 42849e5f87bd042f59660a228ded7164 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Hospital Icaraí / O líquen escleroso vulvar está envolvido em uma das vias da carcinogênse da vulva ligada à neoplasia intraepitelial vulvar diferenciada. A metilação da região promotora do DNA é a principal alteração epigenética pela qual um gene é inativado em seres humanos. A metilação do gene P16INK4a, que é um supressor de tumor e atua como inibidor da cinase dependente da ciclina, tem sido descrita como um evento precoce na carcinogênese vulvar. A metilação do gene TIMP-2, que atua como regulador de metaloproteinases, tem sido descrito como marcador de matriz extracelular. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar a presença da metilação dos genes P16INK4a e TIMP-2 no líquen escleroso vulvar e avaliar a associação das variáveis idade, doença de tireóide, tabagismo, uso de hormônio e prurido vulvar com a metilação dos referidos genes. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, onde foram analisadas 32 amostras obtidas por biópsia de pacientes com líquen escleroso vulvar. As amostras foram submetidas à extração do DNA por meio da técnica do fenol:clorofórmio e à avaliação da metilação dos genes P16INK4a e TIMP-2 pela modificação química do DNA pelo método do bissulfito. O DNA modificado foi submetido à PCR e a visualização do produto pelo gel de poliacrilamida. O estudo da associação de cada uma das variáveis com a metilação de ambos genes não mostrou significado estatístico. Notou-se que 39% (11/28) das amostras exibiram metilação somente para o gene TIMP-2, e nenhuma para o gene P16INK4a isoladamente, enquanto 32% (9/28) apresentaram metilação em ambos genes de forma simultânea. A análise da associação da metilação entre ambos genes mostrou significado estatístico (p=0,0292). Esses resultados sugerem que a associação da metilação entre os genes P16INK4a e TIMP-2 possa promover instabilidade genômica, podendo funcionar como marcador na evolução da doença. Estudos futuros sobre alterações moleculares da matriz extracelular, que por precederem as alterações morfológicas, talvez possam funcionar como sinalizador, individualizando as pacientes com maior risco de evolução do líquen escleroso vulvar para a NIV diferenciada e/ou câncer de vulva / The vulvar lichen sclerosus is involved in one of the pathways of vulvar carcinogenesis linked to differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. The methylation of the promoter region of the DNA is the main epigenetic modification in humans in which a gene is inactivated. Methylation of P16INK4a gene, which is a tumor suppressor and acts as an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, has been described as an early event in carcinogenesis vulva. Methylation of TIMP-2 gene, which acts as a regulator of metalloproteinases, has been described as a marker of extracellular matrix. This research aims to study the presence of methylation of the P16INK4a gene and TIMP-2 in vulvar lichen sclerosus and evaluate the association of age, thyroid disease, smoking, hormone use and vulvar itching with methylation of these genes. It is a cross-sectional study, which analyzed 32 samples obtained by biopsy from patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus. The samples were subjected to DNA extraction by using the technique of phenol: chloroform and evaluation of methylation of the p16INK4a gene and TIMP-2 by chemical modification of DNA by the method of bisulfite. The modified DNA was subjected to PCR and visualization of the product by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The association of each variable in the methylation of both genes showed no statistical significance. It was noted that 39% (11/28) samples showed methylation only to TIMP-2 gene, and none only for the P16INK4a gene, while 32% (9/28) exhibited methylation on both genes simultaneously. The analysis of the association between methylation of both genes showed statistical significance (p = 0.0292). These results suggest that the association between methylation of the P16INK4a gene and TIMP-2 can promote genomic instability, which can act as a marker in the evolution of the disease. Future studies on the molecular alterations of the extracellular matrix, which precede morphological changes, maybe they can function as a signal, separating the patients with higher risk of evolution of vulvar lichen sclerosus to differentiated VIN and / or cancer of the vulva

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior / As metaloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) e -14 (MMP-14) e o inibidor tecidual de metaloproteinases tipo 2 (TIMP-2) participam de modo fundamental na transiÃÃo epitelial-mesenquimal e progressÃo tumoral-linfonodal de muitos tipos de cÃncer, inclusive o gÃstrico. O objetivo deste trabalho à avaliar a expressÃo das trÃs enzimas no carcinoma gÃstrico e metÃstases linfonodais e suas possÃveis participaÃÃes na progressÃo tumoral. Foram utilizados 83 casos de gastrectomias por cÃncer gÃstrico (histotipo intestinal = 53 casos; difuso = 30 casos), e seus respectivos linfonodos, dos arquivos do Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal/UFC. Foi realizado tissue microarray e imunohistoquÃmica com anticorpo monoclonal anti-MMP-2, anti-MMP-14 e anti-TIMP-2, avaliada atravÃs dos seguintes escores: 0 = ausÃncia de imunomarcaÃÃo ou raras cÃlulas marcadas (< 5%); 1 = marcaÃÃo discreta na maioria (> 50%) das cÃlulas tumorais ou inflamatÃrias mononucleadas (muitos dos quais identificados como macrÃfagos pelo CD68) ou marcaÃÃo moderada em minoria de cÃlulas (< 50%); 2 = marcaÃÃo moderada na maioria (> 50%) das cÃlulas tumorais ou inflamatÃrias mononucleadas ou marcaÃÃo intensa em minoria de cÃlulas (< 50%); 3 = marcaÃÃo intensa na maioria (> 50%) das cÃlulas tumorais ou inflamatÃrias mononucleadas. A expressÃo de MMP-2, MMP-14 e TIMP-2 nos mononucleares associados a tumores ocorreu com maior frequÃncia comparada à imunomarcaÃÃo em mononucleares da mucosa normal, com diferenÃa significativa em relaÃÃo a TIMP-2 (40/53 vs 12/26; *p = 0,0128, teste exato de Fisher). MMP-2 foi muito mais presente nas mulheres (p = 0,0248) enquanto TIMP-2 ocorreu predominantemente apÃs os 50 anos (p = 0,0034). A expressÃo dos trÃs biomarcadores nos carcinomas gÃstricos primÃrios foi muito superior nos mononucleares, em relaÃÃo Ãs cÃlulas neoplÃsicas, sobretudo para a MMP-2 (16/46 vs 5/46; *p = 0,0118), que tambÃm prevaleceu em mononucleares das metÃstases linfonodais em tumores dos histotipos intestinal e difuso (13/16 vs 4/19; ***p = 0,0006). Neste estudo, a expressÃo preponderante dos trÃs imunomarcadores pelos mononucleares do conjuntivo reforÃa o papel central destas cÃlulas e do microambiente tumoral na progressÃo do cÃncer gÃstrico. A maior expressÃo de TIMP-2 no sÃtio primÃrio à sugestiva do efeito inibitÃrio desta enzima sobre MMP-2 e MMP-14, que parecem participar principalmente em fases mais avanÃadas da progressÃo tumoral-linfonodal. A MMP-14, atravÃs dos mononucleares, parece estar mais envolvida na progressÃo do cÃncer gÃstrico difuso do que a MMP-2 e seu inibidor tissular.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:07:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Denise C Toledo.pdf: 1395118 bytes, checksum: 592dff1a4d2ff80089be7e8691c93893 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-08 / The canine gland has drawn interest for research due to its similarities with the human prostate and the great incidence of lesions. Moreover, the canine prostate shows high incidence of diseases. The main lesions that affect the prostate are prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), cysts and adenocarcinoma. Recently attention has been given to lesions considered premalignant such as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA), both studied in the human gland and also found in the canine prostate. In order to evaluate the development of prostate cancer starting as premalignant lesions, some immunohistochemical markers are employed, such as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP), which have a key role in regulating the catalytic action of metalloproteinases (MMP), and transforming growth factor-&#946; (TGF-&#946;), that induces angiogenesis and inhibits cell proliferation and is considered a mediator of prostate growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TGF-&#946; in canine normal prostate tissue and with proliferative lesions. For this, 150 adult canine prostates were obtained from postmortem examinations. After microscopic evaluation 54 glands, compatible with normal, epithelial BPH, stromal BPH, PIA, PIN and adenocarcinoma were selected and used to make tissue microarray block (Tissue Microarray - TMA). TMA slides were subjected to immunohistochemistry with anti-TIMP-1, anti-TIMP-2 and anti-TGF-&#946;, to assess staining intensity of epithelial cells and stromal cells.Cytoplasmatic staining of canine prostate cells by TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TGF-&#946; was observed, with TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 being more expressed in premalignant and malignant lesions, while TGF-&#946; was expressed mainly by normal tissue and BPH. Furthermore, there were differences in the expression between epithelial and stromal cells. / A próstata canina, além das similaridades com a próstata humana, apresenta grande incidência de afecções. As principais lesões que acometem a próstata são as prostatites, a hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB), os cistos e o adenocarcinoma, sendo que, recentemente, se tem dado atenção às lesões consideradas pré-malignas, como a neoplasia intraepitelial prostática (PIN) e a atrofia inflamatória proliferativa (PIA), ambas estudadas na glândula humana, e também verificadas na próstata do cão. Para avaliar o desenvolvimento de neoplasias prostáticas a partir das lesões pré-malignas, alguns marcadores imunoistoquímicos são empregados, como os inibidores teciduais de metaloproteinases (TIMP), que apresentam importante função na regulação da ação catalítica das metaloproteinases (MMP), e o fator de crescimento transformador &#946; (TGF-&#946;), que induz a angiogênese e inibe a proliferação celular, sendo considerado um mediador do crescimento prostático. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a expressão de TIMP-1, TIMP-2 e TGF-&#946; no tecido prostático canino normal e com lesões proliferativas. Para isso foram colhidas, em exames necroscópicos, 150 próstatas de cães adultos e idosos. O material foi avaliado histologicamente e selecionadas amostras de 54 próstatas com predominância de histomorfologia normal, HPB epitelial, HPB estromal, PIA, PIN e adenocarcinoma, que foram utilizadas para a confecção de um bloco de microarranjo tecidual (Tissue Microarray - TMA). As lâminas de TMA foram submetidas à imunoistoquímica com os anticorpos anti-TIMP-1, anti-TIMP-2 e anti-TGF-&#946;, sendo avaliada a intensidade de marcação das células epiteliais e estromais. Verificou-se que há marcação citoplasmática das células prostáticas caninas para TIMP-1, TIMP-2 e TGF-&#946;, sendo as proteínas TIMP-1 e TIMP-2 mais expressas nas lesões proliferativas pré-malignas e malignas, enquanto TGF-&#946; foi expresso principalmente pelo tecido normal e com HPB epitelial e estromal. Ainda, houve diferença de marcação entre células epiteliais e estromais.

Η HARP (Heparin Affin Regulatory Peptide) είναι ένας αυξητικός παράγοντας με Μ.Β. 18 kDa που ανήκει στην οικογένεια των αυξητικών παραγόντων που έχουν συγγένεια με την ηπαρίνη. Eμπλέκεται στην ανάπτυξη των νευριτών, την επούλωση πληγών και φαίνεται να παίζει σημαντικό επαγωγικό ρόλο στις διαδικασίες της ογκογένεσης, καθώς επάγει την αγγειογένεση και εμφανίζεται σε υψηλές συγκεντρώσεις τόσο σε καρκινικούς ιστούς, όσο και σε κυτταρικές σειρές καρκινικών κυττάρων. Στο πλαίσιο μελέτης της σχέσης δομής/δράσης του αυξητικού αυτού παράγοντα, χρησιμοποιούνται τόσο συνθετικά πεπτίδια, όσο και ανασυνδυασμένες τροποποιημένες μορφές του αυξητικού αυτού παράγοντα. Σε φυσιολογικές συνθήκες, η εκκρινόμμενη HARP πέπτεται από ένζυμα του κυτταρικού μικροπεριβάλλοντος και προκύπτουν πεπτίδια που παρουσιάζουν βιολογικές δράσεις παρόμοιες ή και αντίθετες από αυτές της HARP. Φαίνεται λοιπόν πως η δράση του αυξητικού αυτού παράγοντα ρυθμίζεται τόσο στο επίπεδο βιοσύνθεσης και έκκρισης, όσο και από τη δράση ενζύμων του εξωκυττάριου χώρου. Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκε η δράση ενός συνθετικού πεπτιδίου το οποίο αντιστοιχεί στα αμινοξέα 65-97 που εντοπίζονται στην ΤSR περιοχή προς το καρβοξυτελικό άκρο της HARP. Με δεδομένο ότι τι πεπτίδιο αυτό εμφανίζει αντιαγγειογενετική δράση, πραγματοποιήθηκαν χρονοεξαρτώμενα και δοσοεξαρτώμενα πειράματα, με σκοπό τη μελέτη της δράσης του στον πολλαπλασιασμό, τη μετανάστευση και την επούλωση πληγών. Στο πλαίσιο αυτών των μελετών, ελέγξαμε τη δράση του στην έκφραση των μεταλλοπρωτεϊνασών ΜΜP-2 και ΜΜP-9, των αναστολέων τους ΤΙMP-1 και ΤΙMP-2 καθώς και του κολλαγόνου και της ελαστίνης σε πρωτογενείς καλλιέργειες ενδοθηλιακών κυττάρων από ομφάλιο λώρο (HUVEC cells). Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν πως το συνθετικό αυτό πεπτίδιο καταστέλλει τον πολλαπλασιασμό, την μετανάστευση αλλά και την επούλωση πλήγών των κυττάρων HUVEC με δοδοεξαρτώμενο και στατιστικώς σημαντικό τρόπο. Επιπλέον από τα πειράματά μας δεν παρατηρήθηκε μεταβολή στα πρωτεϊνικά επίπεδα έκφρασης των μεταλλοπρωτεϊνασών ΜΜP-2 και ΜΜP-9 καθώς και των αναστολέων τους ΤΙMP-1 και ΤΙMP-2. Ωστόσο, παρατηρήθηκε στατιστικώς σημαντική μεταβολή στα επίπεδα γονιδιακής έκφρασης των αναστολέων ΤΙMP-1 και ΤΙMP-2 όπως επίσης και της ελαστίνης και του κολλαγόνου IV. / Heparin affin regulatory peptide (HARP) is an 18-kDa secreted growth factor that has a high affinity for heparin and a potent role on tumor growth and angiogenesis. HARP was originally described as a neurite outgrowth promoting molecule, which appears to increases during recovery from injury and is thought to be involved in angiogenesis expression, playing a major role in the cell growth and differentiation that are associated with regeneration in several tissues. HARP is expressed in several human tumors and tumor cell lines and is also indicated in high serum levels of patients with different types of cancer. HARP contains two random coiled clusters of basic residues (N- and C-terminal) and two b-sheet domain. Each b-sheet domain contains a thrombospondin repeat I (TSR-I) motif, which have been suggested to be responsible for the interaction of HARP with heparin. Our project is based on C-TSR-I domain, corresponding to amino acids 65–97 of HARP peptide, respectively, required for the neurite outgrowth activity of HARP. In this study, we investigate the impact of C-TSR on basic biological functions of endothelial cells (HUVEC) such as proliferation, migration, the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and their inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) that contribute to the ECM remodeling. Time course and dose-response experiments revealed that CTSR reduces proliferation, migration and wound healing, without affecting the protein levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and their inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2). Moreover, CTSR inhibits the expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 contributing to the ECM remodeling. Concluding, HARP could act as pro- or anti-angiogenic factor, depending on the system used and the cell microenvironment.

Orientador: Daniela Ponce / Resumo: A prevalência da Lesão Renal Aguda (LRA) associada ao uso da vancomicina é muito variável e diferentes fatores relacionados ao paciente e ao tratamento (tempo e dose) podem potencializar a ocorrência da nefrotoxicidade. Estudos relacionaram o desempenho de biomarcadores urinários como preditores diagnósticos e prognósticos de LRA na insuficiência cardíaca (ICC), no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca e na sepse, porém, pouco se sabe sobre o desempenho dos novos biomarcadores na LRA associada ao uso da vancomicina. / Abstract: The prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) related to vancomycin is variable and different risk factors related to the patient and the treatment (time and dose) may potentiate the occurrence of nephrotoxicity. Studies related the performance of urinary biomarkers as predictors of diagnostic and prognostic AKI in congestive heart failure (CHF), in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery and in sepsis, however, little is known about the performance of the new urinary biomarkers in vancomycin related AKI. / Mestre

Abstract Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynegologic malignancy in developed countries. Due to early symptoms, including abnormal uterine bleeding, endometrial cancer is often diagnosed at an early stage and in that case usually has a good prognosis and high cure rates. However, the nature of the disease is heterogeneous. During the last decades, the improvement in survival rates among endometrial cancer patients has not been significant, suggesting that the traditional clinicopathological factors may be inadequate to identify patients with high-risk disease. Furthermore, aggressive adjuvant treatments can be costly and very toxic. Therefore, better prognostic markers associated with biological aggressiveness of endometrial carcinoma are needed to identify the patients with high-risk disease, and to be able to select the treatment more individually. Gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) have been found to play a role in tumor progression. In the present work, the expression and prognostic value of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were assessed in endometrial carcinoma. The patient material consisted of a total of 266 women diagnosed with primary endometrial carcinoma. The tissue expression of immunoreactive proteins was examined in paraffin-embedded tumor sections by immunohistochemical staining using specific antibodies, and the pretreatment serum levels of the proteins were quantitatively measured by ELISA. Tissue MMP-2 expression associated with a worsened prognosis, whereas tissue TIMP-2 overexpression was an indicator of a favorable outcome. Furthermore, we observed a combination of strong MMP-2 and weak TIMP-2 tissue expression to identify a group of women at high risk of adverse outcome in endometrial carcinoma. Patients with negative MMP-2 immunostaining had the best prognosis, regardless of TIMP-2 staining result. In serum measurements, high preoperative TIMP-1 concentration was a prognostic indicator of unfavorable outcome. These results indicate that tissue MMP-2 and TIMP-2 as well as circulating TIMP-1 may be prognostic markers in endometrial carcinoma. Of these, tissue MMP-2 seems to be the most potent prognostic marker. Studies with larger patient materials are needed to further explore the value of these enzymes in clinical practice in endometrial cancer. / Tiivistelmä Kohdunrungon syöpä on yleisin gynekologinen maligniteetti kehittyneissä maissa. Varhaisten oireiden, kuten poikkeavan verisen vuodon, vuoksi kohdunrungon syöpä havaitaan usein varhaisessa vaiheessa, jolloin sen ennuste on hyvä. Taudin käyttäytyminen voi kuitenkin olla moninaista. Viime vuosikymmenten aikana kohdunrungon syöpään sairastuneiden ennuste ei ole merkittävästi parantunut. Vaikuttaisi siltä, että perinteiset ennustetekijät eivät ole riittävän tarkkoja ennustamaan syövän taudinkulkua. Lisäksi liitännäishoidot voivat olla kalliita, ja niihin voi liittyä vakavia haittavaikutuksia. Uusien biologisten ennustetekijöiden löytäminen olisi tärkeää, jotta aggressiivista syöpätyyppiä sairastavat potilaat pystyttäisiin tunnistamaan entistä paremmin, ja hoito kyettäisiin räätälöimään yksilöllisemmin taudinkuvaa vastaavasti. Gelatinaasien (MMP-2 ja MMP-9) sekä niiden kudosinhibiittoreiden (TIMP-1 ja TIMP-2) on havaittu osallistuvan syövän etenemiseen. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin MMP-2:n ja MMP-9:n sekä niiden kudosinhibiittoreiden TIMP-1:n ja TIMP-2:n ilmentymistä ja ennusteellista merkitystä kohdunrungon syövässä. Aineisto käsitti yhteensä 266 primaariseen kohdunrungon syöpään sairastunutta naista. Määritysmenetelminä käytettiin sekä immunohistokemiallista värjäystä parafiiniin valettujen kudosnäytteiden osalta että ELISA-määrityksiä ennen hoitoa otettujen seeruminäytteiden osalta. Syöpäkudoksen runsas MMP-2 -proteiinin ilmentyminen liittyi epäsuotuisaan ennusteeseen, kun taas kasvainkudoksen voimakas TIMP-2 -proteiinin ilmentyminen oli hyvän ennusteen merkki. Lisäksi kasvainkudoksen voimakkaan MMP-2- ja heikon TIMP-2 -proteiinien ilmentymisen yhdistelmän havaittiin liittyvän suurempaan syövästä johtuvaan kuolleisuuteen. MMP-2 -negatiivisten potilaiden eloonjäämisennuste oli paras, TIMP-2 -värjäystuloksesta riippumatta. Seerumin korkea TIMP-1 -pitoisuus oli merkittävä huonontuneen ennusteen merkki. Tutkimuksen tulokset viittaavat siihen, että kasvainkudoksessa esiintyvät MMP-2- ja TIMP-2 -proteiinit samoin kuin seerumin TIMP-1 -pitoisuus voivat ennustaa kohdunrungon syövän kliinistä käyttäytymistä. Kasvainkudoksessa esiintyvä MMP-2 -proteiini vaikuttaisi olevan merkittävin ennusteellinen tekijä, mutta tulosten varmistamiseksi tarvitaan lisää tutkimuksia suuremmilla potilasaineistoilla.