This research report is focused to study of what influences of the service industry with the Educational Cooperative Suport System on employee¡¦s organizational commitment and trend of turnover. 1. What are influences of those interfering variances of characteristics (including external control character and internal control character) as well as individual variance (e.g. gender and age) on employee¡¦s organizational commitment and trend of turnover? 2. What are influences of situational interaction on employee¡¦s organizational commitment and trend of turnover? This research report is investigated within the scope of schools with 511 Model Educational Cooperative (including National Taipei Institute of business Technology, Jin Wen Institute of Technology, Van Nung Institute of Technology and Fortune Institute of Technology) and their students. Based on the expediency sampling theory, 538 (equiv. To 59.8%) out of 900 copies of the Questionnaire sent to the above-mentioned four schools, were received. Deducted from those blank and/or incomplete ones, 226 copies are effective (42% to total replies and 25.1% to total issuance). It is found out that: 1.Main influence on those service industries with the Educational Cooperative Suport System: The more pay supporting and career plan, the more organizational commitment (including recognition and centripetal force). The more pay supporting and technical training, the less trend of turnover. 2.Influence of those interfering variances of characteristics and individual variance: Based on analysis of regression, it is verified that to those employees with low external control character, the more pay supporting and career plan, the more organizational commitment (including recognition and centripetal force). To those senior employees, the more pay supporting, the less trend of turnover. 3.Influences of situational interaction: 1.1 Recognition to the organization 1.1.1 With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System¡¨ and ¡§external control character¡¨, it is appeared that negative impact on ¡§pay supporting¡¨ and ¡§external control character ¡¨ (b=¡Ð0.04, p<0.05). 1.1.2 With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨, positive impact upon ¡§career plan¡¨ and ¡§internals control character¡¨ (b=0.03, p<0.1) were found out. 1.1.3 With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System ¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨, there was positive impact on ¡§pay supporting¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨ (b=0.06, p<0.1). 1.2 Centripetal force to the organization: With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨, it is appeared that negative impact upon ¡§technical training¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨ (b=-0.04, p<0.1). 1.3 Trend of resignation: With interaction of the ¡§Educational Cooperative Suport System¡¨ and ¡§external control character¡¨, a negative impact on ¡§career plan¡¨ and ¡§internal control character¡¨ (b=-0.04, p<0.1) was found out.

Abstract Finance is the mother of a country. Public finance has a great influence on the whole country. Governmental finances are mainly from taxes. The Department of Finance, Taiwan Middle Area, the Bureau of National Tax was founded in September, 1992. Its controls area covers 6 counties and cities- Miao-li, Taichung county, Nan-tou, Chang-hua, Yun-lin, and Taichung city. Besides headquarters, there are 6 counties/cities branches and 13 tax bureaus. A total of 1,159 officials work here as tax collector. Because of too much work, officials are under great pressure. Their pressure includes: conflicts between taxing/ serving (role-playing) and conflicts of an official¡¦s job expectation/ family expectation/ personal career plan. Because of the above reasons, the rate of quitting job becomes higher each year. Therefore, this research was made on officials of the Department of Finance, Taiwan Middle Area, the Bureau of National Tax. Besides researching, we also compare the influence and the relationship with conflicts of role-playing/ job pressure/ quitting job. And from those data, we want to know that whether the conflict of role-playing is influenced by job pressure and quitting job or not. Concern with this survey, we sent 200 questionnaires and received 162 ones back. After analyzing by the statistical correlation, variance, regression, and level regression, we got the following results: 1. Conflicts of role-playing, job pressure and the trend of quitting job seem to correlate. Job pressure and the trend of quitting job have a close correlation. 2. About the conflict of role-playing (5 aspects): concern with the conflicts of job expectation/ family expectation and the conflict of personal expectation, women are higher than men. 3. About job pressure (3 aspects): Age and tiredness have no remarkable difference. About low self-esteem, tiredness, and depression, women are higher than men. 4. The trend of quitting job: women are higher than men. The position of non-supervisors is higher than the position of supervisors. 5. The conflicts of job expectation/ personal expectation and the conflicts of personal expectation vs. low self-esteem have positive influence. The conflicts of job expectation/ family expectation and the conflicts of personal expectation vs. tiredness have positive influence. The conflicts of job expectation/ family expectation, the conflicts of job expectation/ personal expectation, and the conflict of personal expectation vs. depression have positive influence. By contrast, the conflicts of family expectation/ personal expectation vs. depression have negative influence. 6. The conflicts of job expectation/ family expectation, the conflicts of job expectation/ personal expectation, and the conflict of personal expectation vs. the trend of quitting job have positive influence. 7. Tiredness, and depression of job pressure vs. the trend of quitting job have positive influence. 8. Because of tiredness, the conflicts of job expectation/ family expectation, the conflicts of job expectation/ personal expectation, and the conflict of personal expectation vs. the trend of quitting job have influence.

The system of Labor Pension in Taiwan deeply influences every class of labor and its intention and regulation of retirement system also affects to operation of government financial budget. The study aims to discuss the trend toward fewer children and the population aging which are somehow affecting forward finance perspective of holistic Labor Pension Fund. Especially, we confront an unbalance situation of population structure, how it reflected the contribution income of labor pension fund and its disbursement of pension payment and how it associated to operation of Labor Pension Fund. In addition, the government should be realized how to deal with the development of population in the future, gear up for designing a better supplementary measure. Therefore, the study will be analyzed with aspect of finance on the population aging phenomenon and how birth rate decline affect toward the New Labor Pension System and Old Labor Pension System. Hopefully, the study results can benefit our labor retirement policy. The study results as follows: A. For the trend toward fewer children, in the short term, the evidence shows that it is unclear either on contribution of the New Labor Pension System or Old Labor Pension System. However, in the mid- and long term, the contribution of fund will be gradually affected, beginning to decrease slowly with the contribution. B. For the population aging phenomenon, Old Labor Pension System on payment from fund indicted that incomes are much more than disbursements so it won¡¦t be a burden on Old Labor Pension Fund. On the contrary, due to different payment regulation between New Labor Pension System and Old Labor Pension System, the population aging is irrelevant to disbursement of New Labor Pension.

Title from PDF of title page. / Document formatted into pages; contains 70 pages. / Thesis (MA)--University of South Florida, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format. / ABSTRACT: This thesis is an investigation of identity theft, although not a new crime it has recently attracted public concern. This concern has led to both federal and state governments to establish new laws to provide increased protection. Government agencies and the media have warned the public that an individual's social security number and other personal information are the tools that unscrupulous criminals can use to gain access to an identity. Once your identity is assumed criminals can use that new identity to obtain goods and services freely available in this world of instant credit lines. The purpose of this study is to examine the magnitude and characteristics of identity theft. The objective is to determine if government official's claims and the media's portrayal of the substantial rise in identity theft incidents are supported empirically. / ABSTRACT: The data for this study comes from police records located in one southern-metropolitan city; from this two separate data sets were drawn. A case study methodology was selected for this project. The results indicate that the identity theft trend is different than the trends for other theft related offenses -- credit card fraud, check fraud, robbery and motor vehicle theft. The data suggest that identity theft is increasing more rapidly than the other theft orientated offenses. However, future research should be conducted to help determine if the trend found in this study is a more a reflection of criminal behavior then of changes in reporting. Additionally, the available literature on identity theft suggested that attaining an arrest for identity theft is especially difficult. The empirical evidence found in this study is mixed on this point. / ABSTRACT: Finally, the demographic characteristics of identity thieves in the area of study do not conform to other economically motivated offenders. African American female offenders make up a significantly large proportion of offenders. Determining the cause of these patterns would at this point be premature, but the existence of patterns warrants further research. In conclusion, this study finds support for the expressed belief by media, private organizations, and government officials that there is greater reporting and recoding of identity theft. / System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Whitings on both the Great Bahama Bank (GBB) and Little Bahama Bank (LBB) were evaluated using data collected from 2000-2010 by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments onboard the Terra and Aqua satellites. A semi-objective method was developed to classify whiting patches from other look-alike features using the recently developed Floating Algae Index (FAI) algorithm, an empirical cloud masking algorithm, and a gradient analysis from the 250-m resolution MODIS data. A total of 1,500 images with minimal cloud cover was used to calculate long-term and seasonal trends as well as an average daily coverage for both banks. Annual and monthly frequency of occurrences for whitings at every location was also calculated. Based on the results, the distribution of whitings over the GBB was restricted between 25–30'N and 23–45'N and occurred most frequently on the edge of the bank. Whitings were observed throughout the LBB and at much higher frequencies than in the GBB, especially on the east side from November to February. Results from daily whiting coverage indicate whitings cover nearly twice as much area over the LBB compared to the GBB. Whitings show a clear seasonal variation with respect to coverage on both banks. Whiting coverage over the LBB has a clear seasonal variation with peak coverage in spring (April) and fall (November) and minimum coverage during summer. Whiting coverage over the GBB peaks in spring (April), but no second peak or seasonal minimum was observed. Sea surface temperature (SST), photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) and wind were compared to the observed long-term and seasonal trends of whiting coverage. Using multi-variable analyses, the influence of SST and PAR on monthly whiting coverage over the GBB from 2000-2010 was found to be statistically significant, though the correlation between the three values was low. The results indicate that these parameters may not directly influence whiting origin and coverage but rather have an effect through influence mechanism, for example through phytoplankton blooms. It is hypothesized that whitings are directly influenced by cyanobacterial phytoplankton, which are dependent on SST and PAR. Long-term trends in whiting coverage differ between the two banks. In general, whiting coverage appeared to be decreasing from 2000-2010 over the LBB, while the opposite trend was observed over the GBB during the same time period. It is currently unclear what led to these opposite trends due to lack of long-term, in-situ measurements of the water environments in the two banks. However, this is the first study that documents the long-term trends for both banks, from which one may infer that the processes affecting whiting occurrence in the two banks vary greatly and future research is needed to understand the driving forces of whitings in order to improve the current understanding of their contributions in the global carbon cycle.

In developing a water quality monitoring program, the sampling frequency chosen should be able to reliably detect changes in water quality trends. Three datasets are evaluated for Minimal Detectable Change in surface water quality to examine the loss of trend detectability as sampling frequency decreases for sites within the National Park Service's Sonoran Desert Network by re-sampling the records as quarterly and annual datasets and by superimposing step and linear trends over the natural data to estimate the time it takes the Seasonal Kendall Test to detect trends of a specific threshold. Wilcoxon Rank Sum analyses found that monthly and quarterly sampling consistently draw from the same distribution of trend detection times; however, annual sampling can take significantly longer. Therefore, even with a loss in power from reduced sampling, quarterly sampling of Park waters adequately detects trends (70%) compared to monthly whereas annual sampling is insufficient in trend detection (30%).

Inference in generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) remains a topic of debate. Baayen, Davidson, and Bates (2008) outlines criticism against conventional ways of performing inference for GLMMs. There are various alternatives proposed but lit- tle consistency is found on which is the most reasonable. Our focus is on assessing temporal trends for mainly ecological count data. That is, we hope to provide a prag- matic approach to Poisson GLMMs for ecological researchers within the statistical programming environment R. To achieve this, we start by providing a description of the selected estimation and inferential procedures. We then complete a large scale simulation to evaluate each of the estimation methods. We implement a power analy- sis to assess each of the selected inferential procedures. We then go on to apply these procedures to data sampled by The National Parks of Canada. Finally, we conclude by giving a summary of our ?ndings and outlying work for the future.

Climatic variability and change can have profound impacts on the hydrologic regime of a watershed, especially in regions that are particularly sensitive to changes in climate, such as the northern latitudes and alpine-fed regions of western Canada. Quantifying historical spatial and temporal changes in hydrological data can provide useful information as to how water resources are affected by climate, as well as create an understanding of potential future variability in the hydrologic regime of a region. The CROCWR (Climatic Redistribution of Canadian Water Resources) project was established to quantify changes in western Canadian water resources under past, present, and future climate through spatio-temporal analyses of runoff and its driving climatic and atmospheric forcings. This research involved the examination of trends in western Canadian annual and seasonal streamflow volume and timing for the periods of 1976-2010 and 1966-2010. Runoff was found to have increased significantly in the most northern watersheds studied, while mid-latitude water availability has decreased considerably. In addition, the onset of the spring freshet has shifted toward earlier timing in the North and along the Pacific coast, associated with increased freshet length and flow volume, while contrasting later freshets have occurred in the mid-latitudes, causing decreased warm season river flows in this region. Application of a Principal Component Analysis revealed coherent hydrological variability in each of the northern, mid-latitude, and southern regions of the study area, with consistent increasing and decreasing trends in river flows for the north and mid-latitudes, respectively. The results of this analysis suggest a northward shift in water from adjacent more southerly western Canadian watersheds. Lower- and mid-latitude runoff was shown to be positively correlated with precipitation both annually and during the warm season, while the effect of temperature was found to be associated with the timing of the spring freshet in the North and along the west coast. River flows in some watersheds were shown to be influenced by the effects of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and/or the Pacific North American low-frequency climate patterns, however, the overall influence of these natural oscillations on western Canadian streamflow was not determined to be indicative of overall trend results. The results of this analysis will provide water resource managers with an indication of the direction and magnitude of changing water availability in western and northern Canada.

Syfte Uppsatsen ämnar att analysera och utreda: - sambandet mellan trender och erbjudande i resebranschen. - hur trender kan fungera som differentieringsfaktor.   Metod Vi har i denna uppsats valt att skriva en kvalitativ studie då den ämnar skapa en djupare förståelse för hur företag kan använda trender för sin positionering på en marknad. Undersökning har kommit att anta en abduktiv karaktär då vi utgår från den teoretiska referensramen som sedan anpassas utifrån empirin. Det empiriska datan är insamlad genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem respondenter som verkar inom den svenska resebranschen.   Slutsatser I studien har det framkommit att om företag i ett tidigt skede av en trend anpassar sitt erbjudande kan de differentiera sig genom trenden och skapa konkurrensfördelar. Det beror på att om ett företag är först med att ta till sig en trend ökar deras chans att förknippas med trenden i kundernas medvetande. Något annat som framträder i studien är att företagets position kan komma att påverkas negativt om trenden de tagit till sig inte stämmer överens med företagets identitet och kundernas image av varumärket.

Thesis (DDes) - National Institute for Design Research, Swinburne University of Technology, 2008. / Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Professional Doctorate in Design, National Institute for Design Research, Faculty of Design, Swinburne University of Technology - 2008. Typescript. Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Professional Doctorate in Design, National Institute for Design Research, Faculty of Design Research, Swinburne University of Technology, 2008. Bibliography: p. 108-115.