Summary The aim of the study was to obtain multiparticulate prolonged release drug delivery systems by incorporating microgranules with selegiline hydrochloride (SCh) and pellets with verapamil hydrochloride (VH) into lyophilized and pressed tablets, respectively. Also it was assumed to preserve primary dosage form properties unchanged in final drug form. Prolonged drug action is very important nowadays because using these drug forms, a drug plasma level is more constant, which is associated with less adverse side-effects, a more constant and prolonged therapeutic effect and a better compliancy. In the study all the batches of microgranules (XPS1, XPS3 and XPS3P) were prepared by cross-linking the pectin with Zn2+ ions. During this process the active pharmaceutical ingredient (SCh) was incorporated in the cross-linked granules (SCh to pectin ratio was 1:2). In this case namely cross-linking the pectin with Zn ions has the main influence in gaining drug prolonged release properties. In order to evaluate, how the coating can change microgranule properties, they were additionally coated with 2% pectin solution (XPS3P). Selegiline has an extensive presystemic metabolism resulting in inadequate oral absorption (absolute bioavailability is only about 10%), there is a need for developing a new drug delivery systems, which provide higher drug concentration in the blood. As an alternative to conventional oral forms and injections, boccoadhesive therapeutic agents can be used. Direct... [to full text] / Magistrinio darbo tikslas buvo pagaminti multirezervuarinio tipo prailginto poveikio vaistines formas inkorporuojant mikrogranules su selegilino hidrochloridu (SCh) bei peletes su verapamilio hidrochloridu (VH) atitinkamai į liofilizuotas ir presuotas tabletes. Taip pat buvo siekiama išlaikyti pirmines tarpinių formų (mikrogranulių bei pelečių) savybes galutinėse vaistų formose (liofilizuotose tabletėse bei įprastose presuotose tabletėse). Prailgintas vaisto poveikis šiuo metu yra labai aktualus, nes vartojant tokį vaistą didėja gydytojo-paciento susitarimo laikymasis (pacientui vaistą vartoti vieną kartą per dieną yra žymiai patogiau nei keliskart ). Mokslinio darbo metu visos mikrogranulių partijos (XPS1, XPS3 ir XPS3P) buvo gaminamos modifikuotos drėgnosios granuliacijos būdu surišant pektiną dvivalenčio cinko jonais. Būtent šis procesas turėjo lemiamą įtaką prailginto vaisto poveikio gavimui. Į sujungtą pektiną vaistinė medžiaga (SCh) buvo įvestas dviem būdais: miltelių ir 20% tirpalo forma. Gautos mikrogranulės susmulkintos kavamale ir iš jų atskirta 100 - 200 µm frakcija, kuri ir buvo panaudota tolimesniam tyrimui. Norint įvertinti avalkalo įtaką vaistinės medžiagos atsipalaidavimui, mikrogranulės buvo papildomai padengtos 2% pektino tirpalu. Veiklioji medžiaga SCh organizme gausiai metabolizuojama kepenyse, todėl vartojimas per os nėra efektyvus (absoliutus bioprieinamaumas yra tik 10%). Kaip alternatyva injekcinėms formoms gali būti mukoadhezinės, skirtos aplikuoti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Growing numbers of morbidity and mortality due to the cancer and coronary heart disease is recognized as the increasing challenge in the world. The initial stage of these diseases, early diagnosis and treatment are the main objectives of current researches. According to Lithuanian Health Information Centre morbidity and mortality due to these diseases in Lithuania exceed average of European Union. The oxidative stress occurs in cells as a result of normal physiological processes and environmental interactions, and the complex antioxidant defense system are of particular importance in protecting biological systems against oxidative damage by free radicals. Recently polyphenols and anthocyanins containing foods and preparations have attracted attention due to their health promoting benefits. Anthocyanins make one of the main groups of flavonoids, and represent polyphenolic compounds, that are found in vegetables and fruits, particularly in berries. An important effect of anthocyanins is the scavenging of oxygen-derived free radicals. They can interfere with few different free radical-producing systems, and can increase the function of the endogenous antioxidants. The aim of the research is to choose sources for the products with antioxidant activity from plants cultivated in Lithuania, evaluate quality and antioxidant activity of black currant, red currant and chokeberry products, to develop and evaluate technologies of phytopharmaceuticals with antioxidant activity... [to full text]

1. GENERAL CHARACTERICTICS OF THE WORK First drugs were of herbal origin. Today, preparations of this kind are highly appreciated. Social and economic changes have been influencing public health. The rhythm of life and nervous strain have negative effects on the human body. Many ailments are caused by emotional variations. Illnesses of the nervous system and related disorders of the digestive system raise an important concern nowadays. The potential of phytopreparations in the treatment of such ailments is capable of completing the gaps of their treatment. Phytopreparations can be used for treatment for an extensive period of time. Critics of phytotherapy can argue that existence of modern synthetic medicine supersedes phytopreparations. It must be noted, though, that this medicine is effective and easily digested. It does not compete with, but only complements pharmacotherapy. Phytopreparations are often used in the treatment of chronic disorders of the digestive system such as higher sensitivity, atony, ailments of bile bladder and duct. Functional disorders of intestine cause diarrhea, spasmodic pains, stomach rumble, and loose bowels. In case of functional stomach and intestine disorders, treatment with sedative and peristalsis regulating medicine is applied in addition to a rational daily routine and diet. Digestive disorders are well eliminated with the help of herbal drugs. At present, medicinal herbs and preparations from herbal materials have been receiving a lot of... [to full text]