Zugl.: Mannheim, Universiẗat Diss., 2007.

Le droit fiscal est le droit de l’impôt alors que le droit du travail régit la relation salariée. Cette apparente indifférence des deux systèmes juridiques cache une interdépendance due aux fonctions de l’impôt. De manière classique, l’impôt a une fonction budgétaire. De ce fait, il exerce une pression sur les contribuables par son impact économique sur leurs patrimoines et leurs revenus. Les contribuables sont alors tentés de mettre en œuvre des techniques d’évitement de l’impôt, par la voie du travestissement des notions juridiques. Le droit fiscal réagit en consacrant des notions autonomes. Ainsi une notion fiscale de salarié permet de déterminer le champ d’application de l’impôt. Une notion spécifique de salaire sert à la détermination des bases d’imposition du salarié.De façon plus contemporaine, la fonction incitative de l’impôt est de plus en plus usitée. Elle n’est pas directement liée à une finalité budgétaire. Elle est appréciée parce que l’impôt exerce une contrainte moins violente que l’interdiction ou la punition. Elle permet d’agir sur les comportements des contribuables en les orientant dans un sens souhaité. Or, il apparaît que le revenu fiscal dépend étroitement du revenu salarial. Pour cela, le Législateur a créé des instruments fiscaux pour annihiler les inégalités du marché du travail. Le droit fiscal devient un droit de la régulation du marché du travail. / Tax law is the law related to taxation while labor law is governing the employee/employer’s relationship. This apparent indifference of these two branches of law covers an interdependence due to tax functions. Conventionally, tax has a budget function. Therefore, it puts pressure on taxpayers by its economic impact on their assets. Taxpayers are then tempted to implement tax avoidance techniques, through the disguise of legal concepts. Tax law reacts by devoting independent concepts. Thus the concept of « employee » in tax law allows one to determine the scope of application of the tax field. A specific concept of « pay » is used to determine the employee's tax base. In a more contemporary way, the incentive function of taxation is increasingly used. It is not directly related to a budgetary purpose. It is also appreciated because tax exercice a less violent strain than prohibition or punishment. It has an influence on the behavior of taxpayers by directing them in a desired direction. However, it appears that tax revenue heavily depends on the wage income. For this reason, the legislator has created fiscal instruments to reduce inequalities in the labor market. Tax law tends to become a law regulating the labor market.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:30:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Gomes Favacho.pdf: 2017872 bytes, checksum: c1e548def9420badaa32bf459603a19c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-10 / This study investigates the definition of tax to analyze some important cases involving the institute. It explains briefly the epistemological premises of the "logical-semantic constructivism" legal theory, based on the approach of objects through the lens of logic and language techniques. Then, the legal system is viewed as a result of the rule of law interpreted entirely from the language of codes. The analysis of the term begins with the study of the National Tax System and the collection of definitional standards of the Brazilian Constitution, Federal Law 4.320/1964 and excerpts of the National Tax Code. It also studies the distribution of taxes among government funds and the classification of taxes in species, as well the various approaches for the term "tax" upon the adoption of the "matrix-rule of tax incidence". Whether through legislation or interpretation, the permanent change in paradigms demands continuous investigation over the concept of tax, a theme of cornerstone importance within Tax Law / Este estudo investiga a definição do conceito de tributo para analisar importantes casos envolvendo o instituto. Expõe brevemente as premissas epistemológicas do constructivismo lógico-semântico, teoria do direito que se utiliza da lógica e das tecnologias da linguagem para a aproximação do objeto. Em seguida, visualiza o sistema jurídico baseado em tais conceitos, como a ideia de norma interpretada a partir de textos positivados. A análise do termo tributo começa com o estudo do Sistema Tributário e de normas definitórias da Constituição Federal, da Lei 4.320/1964 e de excertos do Código Tributário Nacional. Trata também da destinação dos tributos e da classificação das espécies, bem como dos vários sentidos da palavra tributo e da adoção da regra-matriz de incidência. Seja pela legislação ou interpretação, a incessável mudança dos paradigmas faz com que este tema basilar do Direito Tributário necessite ser sempre (re)investigado