Spelling suggestions: "subject:"dendency"" "subject:"endency""
111 |
Alteridade à margem: estudo de As Noites Marcianas, de Fausto Cunha / Alterity on the margins: a study of As Noites Marcianas, by Fausto CunhaRamiro Giroldo 18 October 2012 (has links)
O trabalho tem como objeto de estudo o volume de contos As Noites Marcianas (1960), de Fausto Cunha. Os contos serão lidos como uma tentativa de abordar, no plano estético, tensões entre a produção literária acolhida pelo cânone e a que não o é. Há o interesse de abordar a própria categorização genérica que cabe à obra como uma forma de alteridade, às margens da literatura oficialmente aceita como tal. No intuito de avaliar a opção por uma filiação genérica à ficção científica em contos que, tematicamente, parecem voltar um olhar negativo à uniformização do indivíduo conforme promovida pelas forças dominantes, o trabalho se ampara em proposições de Darko Suvin acerca do potencial subversivo da ficção científica e da cooptação pela indústria cultural de manifestações literárias a princípio passíveis de questionar os parâmetros da literatura oficialmente endossada. O conceito de alteridade é, no trabalho, discutido em relação com o familiarmente estranho, o efeito de unheimlich proposto por Sigmund Freud. À luz de proposições de Florestan Fernandes em Mudanças Sociais no Brasil, será avaliado o olhar que os contos, tanto internamente quanto no contexto de produção e recepção, voltam às instâncias conservadoras e às forças que procuram subvertê-las. / This work focuses on the anthology As Noites Marcianas (1960), by Fausto Cunha. The short stories will be read as an attempt to deal with, in the aesthetic dimension, tensions between the literary works acknowledged by the literary canon and those which are not. There\'s interest in addressing the generic categorization that fits the anthology as a form of alterity, on the margins of the literature officially accepted as such. To evaluate the option for a genre filiation to science fiction in short-stories that, thematically, seem to cast a negative look to the uniformization of the individual as promoted by the dominant forces, this work uses propositions by Darko Suvin about the subversive potential of the science fiction and about the co-optation by the cultural industry of literary manifestations originally capable of questioning the parametres of the officially endorsed literature. The concept of otherness will be discussed in connection with the familiarly strange, the unheimlich effect proposed by Sigmund Freud. In the light of propositions by Florestan Fernandes in Mudanças Sociais no Brasil, the work will evaluate how As Noites Marcianas deals with conservative instances as well as the forces which try to subvert them.
|
112 |
Análise do comportamento das temperaturas máxima e mínima médias mensais para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Variability analysis of the monthly average minimum and maximum temperature in Rio Grande do SulJoão, Milena Machado da Luz, João, Milena Machado da Luz 26 February 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:25:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
dissertacao_milena_joao.pdf: 1431346 bytes, checksum: 4c9bd6cd75e53b143525c3601178af0e (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-02-26 / A study has been done on the minimum and maximum temperature monthly
averages in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, between 1918 and 2007. Data have
been used collected in 10 meteorological stations spread all over the State territory.
In a first stage, it has been verified a tendency of these variables in the months of
February, May, August and November, throughout the 90 years, and then in periods
of 30 years. Right after, mathematical models have been built to refer minimum and
maximum temperature monthly averages, for some chosen meteorological stations.
For that goal, harmonic analysis technique has been applied for the identification of
existing harmonics and their importance in the composition of the models for each
station. Data corresponding to an 85-year period, from 1918 to 2002, have been
used for the harmonic analysis and composition of the models; and a 5-year period,
from 2003 to 2007, for the estimates of theses variables. The results have shown that
the more significant positive trends, for the total period of 90 years, have occurred in
the minimum temperatures, which have increased remarkably in the State Northern
region, while the maximum temperatures have presented negative trends, except in
August (winter month). The analysis made for 30-year periods made possible to
verify that a constant linear trend does not exist, once intervals have been noticed
with a change in the signal of the trend. The estimated values by the mathematical
models, proposed for the harmonic analysis technique, have been compared to new
sets of observations. The analyses carried through have indicated a good
performance of the models as a forecast for the minimum and maximum temperature average variations, taking into account the climatic characteristics of the studied
region. / Neste trabalho foi feito um estudo do comportamento das temperaturas
mínimas e máximas médias mensais para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, entre
1918 e 2007. Foram utilizados dados coletados em 10 estações meteorológicas
distribuídas por todo o Estado. Na primeira etapa, verificou-se a tendência dessas
variáveis nos meses de fevereiro, maio, agosto e novembro, ao longo dos 90 anos e
a seguir em períodos de 30 anos. Depois disso, constituíram-se modelos
matemáticos referentes às temperaturas mínimas e máximas médias mensais, para
algumas estações meteorológicas estudadas. Para isso foi aplicada a técnica da
análise harmônica para a identificação dos harmônicos existentes e sua importância
na composição dos modelos para cada estação. Foram utilizados dados de 85 anos,
de 1918 a 2002, para a análise harmônica e composição dos modelos; e 5 anos, de
2003 a 2007, para a estimativa dessas variáveis. Os resultados mostraram que as
tendências positivas mais significativas, para o período total de 90 anos, ocorreram
nas temperaturas mínimas, as quais aumentaram expressivamente no Norte do
Estado, enquanto que as temperaturas máximas apresentaram tendências
negativas, exceto no mês de agosto (inverno). A análise feita por períodos de 30
anos possibilitou a verificação de que não existe uma tendência linear constante,
pois houve intervalos com mudança no sinal da tendência. Os valores estimados
pelos modelos matemáticos, propostos pela técnica da análise harmônica, foram
comparados com novos conjuntos de observações. As análises realizadas indicaram
um bom desempenho dos modelos como prognóstico do comportamento das médias das temperaturas mínimas e máximas, tendo-se em conta as características
climáticas da região.
|
113 |
Análise quantitativa de eventos extremos de precipitação da região Leste e Norte de Santa Catarina / Quantitative analysis of rainfall extreme events in east and North regions of Santa Catarina StateSilva, Gilson Carlos da, Silva, Gilson Carlos da 31 August 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:25:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
dissertacao_gilson_carlos_da_silva.pdf: 6390842 bytes, checksum: 4ee553c938a05c41b76eeb4831643835 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011-08-31 / The time-variation feature of extreme precipitation events (those can result in
flooding) on east and north regions of the Santa Catarina State, one of the Brazilian
regions most attained by damages owning to heavy rain episodes, is analyzed in this
study. For this, it were selected some cities whose history of flooding based on
many sources, as the Defesa Civil Estadual was employed to built a threshold to
identify the precipitation events that can cause flooding. The observed precipitation
data, from 1951 to 2010, from ANA (Agência Nacional de Águas) was used to the
analysis of daily rainfall occurred until fifteen days before the flooding and for the
counting of this type of event. The methodology employed to detect these events was
based on mean thresholds following the rainfall observed on the selected cities. The
counting of the occurrences generated the time-variation over such period, indicating
positive and also some negative, although not significant tendencies on this
region, and a significative linear correlation with global scale climate phenomena in
some of the cities. It is also observed the seasonal behavior for the present time and
for a future climate scenario, ranging from 2070 to 2100, which aim is to give
information to a better planning of the cities, through the regional climate model
HadRM3P, from Hadley Centre (UK), simulated and provided by CCST (Centro de
Ciências do Sistema Terrestre) do INPE (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais),
considering the A2 scenario (more pessimist) following IPCC (Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change). In comparison against present climate, the estimated
projection by climatic model shows an increasing of the frequency of these extreme
precipitation events in all selected cities, for all seasons mainly in autumn. / Este estudo analisa o aspecto temporal dos eventos extremos de precipitação com
potencial para causar inundação na região Leste e Norte do Estado de Santa
Catarina, uma das regiões brasileiras que mais sofrem transtornos devido à chuva
intensa. Foram selecionadas algumas cidades cujo histórico de inundação
construído através de várias fontes, como a Defesa Civil Estadual foi usado para a
confecção de um limiar para identificar tais eventos. Foram utilizados dados de
precipitação da ANA (Agência Nacional de Águas) no período de 1951 a 2010, para
análise da chuva diária ocorrida até quinze dias antes das inundações e para a
quantificação dos eventos extremos de precipitação com potencial para provocar
inundação. A metodologia empregada para detecção desses eventos foi a de
limiares médios, baseada na análise pontual da precipitação nas cidades atingidas.
A quantificação do número de eventos gerou a variação temporal no período, em
que pode-se analisar as ocorrências de tendência positiva e também alguma
negativa, embora não significativa na região, além de correlação linear
significativa, em algumas cidades, com fenômenos climáticos de escala global. É
examinado também o aspecto climatológico sazonal do presente e de um cenário
climático para o final do século (2070-2100), cujo objetivo é fornecer informações
para um melhor planejamento das cidades, usando dados do modelo climático
regional HadRM3P, do Hadley Centre (UK), simulados e fornecidos pelo Centro de
Ciências do Sistema Terrestre do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
(CCST/INPE), considerando o cenário A2 (mais pessimista) do IPCC (Painel
Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas). Na comparação com o clima
presente, a projeção simulada pelo modelo climático indicou aumento da frequência
de ocorrência dos eventos em todas as cidades, para todas as estações do ano,
principalmente para o outono.
|
114 |
Konstrukce předstihových a souběžných kompozitních indikátorů pro ČR / Construction of the composite leading and coincidence indicators for the Czech RepublicZeman, Jan January 2012 (has links)
Gross Domestic Product represents the basic indicator of macroeconomic performance of the Czech economy and its importance is growing. The need to get the information on its development as quickly as possible for the necessary government actions is unquestionable, but the time taken to publish its first quarterly estimate of growth rate is significantly longer (45 days after the reference quarter) in comparison to other countries. The aim of this thesis is to attempt the construction of composite leading and coincidence indicator to estimate quarterly GDP changes, starting 30 days after the reference quarter. The methods of time series analysis, by which the relationships among GDP and indicators available in this 30-day period and possibly entering this composite leading, respectively coincidence indicator are analyzed, are used.
|
115 |
Intonasie in fluitspel (Afrikaans)Muller, Anna-Maria 30 September 2008 (has links)
In hierdie studie word die intonasie van fluitspel ondersoek met die doel om vas te stel watter faktore beïnvloed intonasie en watter metodes aangewend kan word om dit te verbeter. Intonasie is ’n besonder sensitiewe onderwerp vir enige musikant. Indien ’n musikant negatief gekritiseer word oor intonasie, word dit dikwels as ’n persoonlike aanslag ervaar. Deur die oorsprong van Westerse stemmingstelsels te ondersoek, word dit moontlik om die onderwerp van intonasie meer sensitief te benader. Hierdie bewusmaking kan moontlik nuwe insigte tot stand bring ten opsigte van die nodige aanpassings wat gemaak moet word om intonasie te verbeter tydens solo- en ensemble-spel. Verskeie faktore kan daartoe bydra dat intonasie as minder goed ervaar word. Sommige van hierdie faktore word nie noodwendig deur die uitvoerder beheer nie, maar hou verband met die fisiologie van gehoor – hoe klank waargeneem word. Die enigste manier waarop intonasie gemonitor kan word tydens ’n uitvoering, is met die menslike oor. Intonasie is direk gekoppel aan die frekwensie van ’n spesifieke toonhoogte. In die natuur bestaan daar faktore wat die waarneming van ’n frekwensie as ’n spesifieke toonhoogte kan beïnvloed, byvoorbeeld die tydsduur, intensiteit en toonkleur. Hierdie faktore word ook in hierdie studie ondersoek. Alvorens metodes ter verbetering van intonasie ondersoek kan word, moet die bou van die moderne fluit ondersoek word. Geen fluitskaal het perfekte ingeboude intonasie nie en deur bewus te wees van waar die tekortkominge voorkom, kan die uitvoerder die onderwerp van intonasie met groter omsigtigheid benader. Sodra die uitvoerder en onderwyser bewus is van watter faktore intonasie beïnvloed en wat nie deur die uitvoerder beheer word nie, kan metodes oorweeg word om faktore wat wel binne die uitvoerder se beheer is, toe te pas om die fluitspeler se intonasie te verbeter. Verskeie aspekte word bespreek, waaronder die plasing van die kurkstopper, die posisie van die kopstuk ten opsigte van die fluit, die manier waarop die fluit vasgehou word, opwarmingsmetodes en oefeninge, die metode van instemming en toonproduksie. Die toonhoogteneigings van note op die fluit word vergelyk soos dit voorkom in vyf verskillende bronne, waarna alternatiewe vingersettings voorgestel word vir pianissimo- en fortissimo-spel. Hierdie vingersettings kan handig te pas kom om die embouchure te assisteer en intonasie beter te beheer. Laastens word die verband tussen die afwykings in die fluit se intonasie, en klimaat en weerstoestande ondersoek, sodat die speler die uitwerking wat veral temperatuur op intonasie het, ook in ag kan neem. Alhoewel hierdie navorsing grootliks klem lê op fluitspelers, is die studie nie net beperk tot die fluit nie en ander instrumentaliste sal ook hierby kan baatvind. ENGLISH This study investigates the factors that influence intonation when playing the flute. Methods by which intonation may be improved are also examined. All musicians regard intonation as an extremely sensitive subject. Musicians often perceive negative criticism of intonation as a personal affront. By investigating the origin of the Western tuning systems, it becomes possible to approach the subject of intonation with more sensitivity. This awareness may establish new insights with regard to the necessary adjustments that must be made during both solo and ensemble playing. Different factors may contribute to intonation being perceived as unsatisfactory. Some of these factors are not necessarily controlled by the performer, but relate to the physiology of hearing – how sound is perceived. The only way in which intonation can be monitored during a performance, is with the human ear. Intonation is directly linked to the frequency of a specific pitch. Factors exist in nature which may influence the perception of a frequency as a specific pitch, for example duration, intensity and tone colour. These factors are also examined in this study. Before investigating methods to improve intonation, the way that the modern flute is built has to be examined. No flute scale has perfect, built-in intonation. By being aware of the shortcomings that may occur, the performer can approach the subject with greater circumspection. When the performer and the educator are aware of the factors which may influence intonation and which are not controlled by the performer, methods can be considered to apply factors that can be controlled by the performer to improve intonation. Different aspects are discussed, such as the placement of the cork stopper, the position of the head joint with regard to the flute, the way the flute is held, warm-up methods and exercises, how to tune and tone production. The pitch tendency of notes on the flute are compared as they occur in five different sources, after which alternative fingerings are suggested for pianissimo and fortissimo playing. These fingerings are useful in assisting the embouchure to maintain better control of intonation. Finally, the relation between the deviation in the flute’s intonation, and climate and weather conditions are investigated to assist the performer to take into consideration the effect that temperature has on intonation. Although this research focuses on flute players, this study is not restricted to the flute, and other instrumentalists can also benefit from it. / Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Music / unrestricted
|
116 |
Vegetationsbrand – tillgänglighet och personskaderisker vid släckningsarbete identifierade med GIS : Fallstudie i Arvika kommun / Wildfires – extinguishing’s accessibilities and risks identified with GIS : Case study in Arvika, SwedenLevein, Linn January 2020 (has links)
Fler vegetationsbränder förväntas framöver i Sverige som följd av temperaturökning och förändrat nederbördsmönster. För att distribuera resurser effektivt vid ett släckningsarbete i vegetation kan information som tillgänglighet och brandbenägenhet vara önskvärt. Riskområden för personsäkerhet i samband med släckningsarbete bör granskas för att undvika onödiga risker. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur brandbenägenhet, tillgänglighet och personskaderisk varierade geografiskt inom Arvika kommun. Med rasteranalys och weighted overlay beräknades brandbenägenhet med faktorerna: krontäthet, lutning, lutningsriktning, skogens utvecklingsfas och vegetation. Tillgängligheten beräknades med följande faktorer: avstånd till väg, avstånd till vatten, körtid, lutning, skogens utvecklingsfas och vegetation. Personskaderisken beräknades enligt följande faktorer: elektrifierad järnväg, förorenade områden, kraftledning, lutning och militära områden. Analysen visar att brandbenägenheten är mycket hög i ett fåtal områden, den största delen av studieområdet har brandbenägenhet mellan värde 4,1–6 av 10. Tillgängligheten är hög eller mycket hög i 98 % av studieområdet. Den lägsta tillgängligheten finns i studieområdets norra och södra delar. 92 % av studieområdet har en låg eller mycket låg personskaderisk med värde mellan 1–4 av 10. Brandbenägenhet, tillgänglighet och personskaderisk studerades på platser där bränder rapporterats åren 2008–2019. Bränder mellan år 2008–2017 med avbränd areal större än 1 hektar studerades igen. Den största faktorn för brandbenägenheten är lutningsriktning för dessa platser. Tillgänglighetens viktigaste faktorer är avstånd till väg och vegetation. Personskaderiskens största faktor är förorenade områden där bränderna var rapporterade. Brandbenägenheten inom studieområdet var störst vid lutning mot syd eller sydväst. Plana områden har generellt låg brandbenägenhet. Enligt analysen är tillgängligheten lägst i studieområdets yttre delar, speciellt dem sydligaste och nordligaste delarna. Områden i närhet av brandstationer har generellt en bättre tillgänglighet. Personskaderisken är koncentrerad till elektrifierad järnväg och kraftledning som medför direkt fara. Potentiellt förorenade områden finns spridda i hela studieområdet. Hur dessa påverkar människor är ovisst och varierar beroende på förorening. / In the future, more wildfires are expected in Sweden because of increasing temperature and changing precipitation. To being able to effectively distribute the resources of the firefighters, information about accessibility and fire tendency can come in handy. In order to avoid unnecessary risks, areas with potential hazard for the firefighters should be examined. The purpose of this study is to analyse how fire tendency, accessibility and personal injury risk varies in Arvika municipality, Sweden. Raster analysis and weighted overlay were applied in this study to examine fire tendency using the factors: crown closure, slope, aspect, the stage of stand development and vegetation. Accessibility was calculated including the following factors: distance to roads, distance to water, driving time, slope, the stage of stand development and vegetation. The personal injury risk was calculated by the following factors: electrified railways, polluted areas, power lines, slopes and military areas. The results show a high fire tendency in a few areas. Most of the areas have a fire tendency value between 4. 1–6 out of 10. Areas with a good or very good accessibility covers 98 % of the study area. Only a few spots have a very low accessibility. Areas with a low or very low personal injury risk covers 92 % of the study area. In the next part sites, with wildfires reported too MSB between 2008–2019 were studied. Wildfires larger than 10 000 square meters were studied again. Aspect was considered as a factor with a high impact on fire tendency. The major factor of the accessibility is distance to the road and the vegetation of those places. Polluted areas have the largest risk for extinguishing the fire in those places. Fire tendency shows its peaks in areas with slopes and aspect to the south or southwest thanks to the results. Flat areas receive a low risk of fire tendency. Accessibility is lowest in the outer parts of the study area, especially the southern and northern parts. Areas with risks for firefighter injury are concentrated to electrified railways and power lines, especially those that cross polluted areas. However, not all the polluted areas have been investigated in this study, therefore the effect of the pollution on the people’s health is uncertain.
|
117 |
Tělesné sebepojetí a vyhledávání intenzivních prožitků u návštěvníků fitness centra / Physical Self Perception and Sensation seeking tendency in gym goresSchlegel, Petr January 2016 (has links)
Annotation: The work deals with the relationship between physical self-concept and experience of the search terms sensation seeking. It contains theoretical research of these areas, their position in the discourse of fitness and also presents a starting points for comparison. The research was conducted on a group of gym-goers and analyzed the relationship of concepts Physical Self Perception Profile and Sensation Seeking Scale version V including individual subscales. Comparison showed a weak relationship between SST and PSPP and even between individual subscales. Keywords: Body image, Sensation Seeking Tendency, Physical Self Perception Profile, gym
|
118 |
Application of Dynamic Grouting to Improve the Grout Spread Using Varying Aperture Long Slot (VALS) : AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDYHosseini, Robabeh, Steven, Yalta January 2018 (has links)
In the past centuries, grouting has been one of the most common techniques in geotechnical engineering to strengthen and seal underground structures. Concerning increasing demands for tightness and cost efficiency, cement-based grout has been one the most frequent used materials. One of the first grouting operations is the work done by Charles Bérigny in France back in 1802 in order to repair a sluice by stabilizing the ground with liquid grout. Several studies have been then conducted in grouting, which have contributed into successful improvement of the grouting operations. The investigations have also extended the understanding of the factors such as choice of materials, choice of equipment, and the applied pressure type and magnitude, etc. that influencing the grout spread in rock fracture systems. Among the factors, the applied pressure is one of the most significant ones influencing the spread of grout during grouting operations. Grouting at static pressure conditions is the most common method used in field, where in practice the injected grout can only penetrate into the rock fractures wider than 100 µm. Recent investigations conducted on application of static and dynamic pressure conditions, using Short Slot and Varying Aperture Long Slot (VALS) in the lab have yielded an overall improvement of the grout spread under dynamic pressure conditions rather than the conventional static pressure conditions. However, the efforts conducted are just a beginning, especially in very fine micro factures smaller than 70 µm The main objective of this investigation was therefore to improve the spread of grout by dynamic grouting into fractures smaller than 70 µm effectively, which could not be done with grouting at static pressure conditions. Furthermore, the aim was to investigate filtration and erosion phenomena/ tendency of grout flow during static and dynamic pressure application using Varying Aperture Long Slot (VALS) in the lab. The durations of peak and rest periods used in the experiments were 2s/2s and 1s/5.5s, which were equivalent to 0.25 Hz and 0.15 Hz, respectively. The results of dynamic grouting showed up to 10 times improvement in the volume of passed grout through fracture apertures smaller than 70 µm. / Injektering är en av de vanligaste metoderna som använts för att förstärka och täta geotekniska konstruktioner. När det gäller ökande krav på täthet och kostnadseffektivitet har cementbaserade bruk varit ett populärt förbrukningsmaterial. Injektering användes förmodligen först av Charles Bérigny i en slussreparation i Frankrike under 1802 där marken stabiliserades med hjälp av flytande injekteringsmaterial. Flera studier har sedan dess utförts inom injekteringsteknik, vilket har bidragit till en framgångsrik förbättring av injekteringsoperationer. Dessa undersökningar har också utvidgat förståelsen av faktorer såsom materialegenskaper, val av utrustning, provprestanda, trycktyp och storhet som i sin tur påverkar brukets spridningsförmåga i bergets spricksystem. Forskningen inom bergtätning fokuserar bland annat på att utveckla tillämpningen av statisk och dynamisk tryck vid injektering. Tillämpning av statiskt tryck är den vanligaste metoden för injektering ute i arbetsfält, där den injicerade bruket i praktiken endast kan tränga in i bergssprickor som är större än 100 μm. De senaste undersökningarna med hjälp av Short Slot och Varying Aperture Long Slot (VALS) har visat en övergripande förbättring av inträngningen under dynamisk injektering jämfört med de konventionella statiska. Detta är bara en början och metoden behöver utvecklas mer, särskild för att åstadkomma bruksspridningen i mycket finare mikrosprickor, exempelvis sprickor mindre än 70 µm. Syftet med detta arbete var att utveckla injekteringsmetoden där bruket kan tränga i berg med sprickor mindre än 70 µm. Resultaten på de dynamiska tryckförhållanden visade att injekteringsbruket trängde bättre i de smala sprickor jämfört med de statiska tryckförhållanden. Upp till 10 gånger mer mängd av injekteringsbruk passerade sprickor med storlek mindre än 70 µm i VALS. Vidare har inloppsflödet och filtrerings- och erosionsfenomenen studerats med hjälp av laboratorieinstrumentet VALS. Varaktigheten av peak- och restperioder som användes i experimenten var 2s/2s och 1s 5.5s, vilka var ekvivalenta med 0.25 Hz respektive 0.15 Hz.
|
119 |
An Examination of the Criterion-Related Validity of Four Maximizing Tendency Scales: Which Scale is the "Best?"Tolle, Kathryn January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
|
120 |
The conversion of South Africans to BuddhismParker, Glynis 31 August 2007 (has links)
This thesis is an examination of why South Africans have converted to Buddhism, how this conversion has come about and what the meaning of the conversion has been in their lives.
Chapter one is a literature review which revealed very little literature available on conversion to Buddhism and less on the conversion of South Africans to Buddhism.
L.R. Rambo's Theory of Conversion is used in this thesis to see if these conversions to Buddhism can be understood within this theory. In Chapter two Rambo's theory, which is a holistic model for conversion, is analyzed in detail. He proposes seven stages within his model: crisis, quest, encounter, interaction, commitment and consequences.
Context is Rambo's first stage and in Chapter three the socio-historic and religious background of these converts is examined. In order to understand how and why these conversions have come about there needs to be an understanding of the background from which these converts come.
Taking Refuge (or the Gohonzon Ceremony) was used for the purpose of this thesis to be the turning point from non-Buddhist to Buddhists. In Chapter four the meaning and importance of Taking Refuge is discussed.
The empirical aspect of this thesis was to interview twenty South Africans who had converted to Buddhism. Chapter five is a detailed analysis of these interviews and Appendix two gives the questionnaire used.
The aim of this analysis was firstly, to investigate whether these conversions to Buddhism can be understood in the context of Rambo's theory, secondly, to see whether Taking Refuge is the correct choice of the turning point from non-Buddhist to Buddhist.
In the conclusion it was found that Rambo's theory did not fully account for the conversion of the interviewees to Buddhism, and that Taking Refuge was not necessarily a good focal point in the conversion process.
In the light of this a Developmental theory of becoming a Buddhist was proposed which has the following steps: Context, exposure, interest invoked, practical application, commitment and consequences.
From the analysis of the people interviewed their conversion to Buddhism was a developmental process rather than a conversion as such. Hence their conversion fitted more closely with a Developmental theory than with Rambo's theory of conversion. This ties in with the discovery amongst the interviewees that none of them experienced one focal point at which they became Buddhist. For most of the interviewees becoming a Buddhist was a developmental process, with many of them having some sort of proto-Buddhist tendency within them before ever hearing about Buddhism. / RELIGIOUS STUDIES & ARABIC / DLITT ET PHIL (REL STUD)
|
Page generated in 0.0338 seconds