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The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivoDombroski, Erik Unknown Date (has links)
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo.Study Design: A test-retest randomised controlled trial with repeated measures was undertaken.Background: Stretching has been commonly promoted to increase the passive extensibility of the muscle-tendon units, yet the mechanism behind its proposed effects remains ambiguous. In vivo studies of stretching have mostly been limited to the viscoelastic characteristic of stress-relaxation. Few studies have investigated the characteristic of creep. Animal and cadaver in vitro creep experiments have consistently shown increases in the length of the soft tissues, with associated changes in their resistance and stiffness. These results however, might not be representative of human muscle-tendon units under in vivo conditions. Additionally, those in vivo human studies that have investigated creep phenomenon have contrasting results. To date, no known in vivo study has examined passive cyclic loading of human hamstrings to a constant load level.Method: Using a repeated measures design the extensibility of the hamstring muscles were assessed by a passive knee extension test (PKE) to maximal stretch tolerance using a KinCom® dynamometer. Those participants in the intervention group underwent 45 continuous passive cyclic loadings as the KinCom® dynamometer moved the knee joint into extension until torque reached 85% of maximal passive resistance torque measured in the passive knee extension test. The control group sat quietly relaxed during the intervention period. Measurements of hamstring passive extensibility using the PKE test were repeated at the end of the intervention.Results: Following the intervention, the PKE test showed for the cyclic loading group there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in both maximal passive resistance torque (mean 23%) and knee joint angle (mean 6.3%). A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in passive resistance torque (mean 11.8%) when re-measured at the baseline position of maximal passive knee angle was observed. A significant increase (p < 0.05) was found for passive stiffness over the final 10% of the knee torque-angle curve. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for passive stiffness for the full (100%) of the torque-angle curve. Of the control group, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for all variables of the PKE test. Analysis of cycle one compared to forty-five of the cyclic loading intervention procedure showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in both passive knee joint angle (mean 5.2%) and passive stiffness (mean 28.6%) over the final 10% of the knee joint torque-angle. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for passive stiffness across the full (100%) knee joint torque-angle.Conclusion: The findings of the current study demonstrated that after cyclic loading the hamstring muscles lengthened and became stiffer over the final gained range of knee joint motion. Although the current study cannot determine the mechanism behind the changes in the variables of interest, these findings do provide some evidence that most likely a combination of altered stretch tolerance and local mechanical effects within the muscle-tendon unit, i.e. creep lengthening were responsible.
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Rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using patellar tendon or hamstring grafts : open and closed kinetic chain exercises /Heijne, Annette, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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Patellar tendinopathy : on evaluation methods and rehabilitation techniques /Frohm, Anna, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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Improved specificity of MRI diagnosis of collagenous lesions in tendon : a dissertation /Rahal, Andrés. January 2007 (has links)
Dissertation (Ph.D.).--University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at San Antonio, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Investigation of expression of extracellular matrix component genes during tendon healing process an in vivo chicken study /Cao, Yi, January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leave 98-122). Also available in print.
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Strain rate effects on structure-property relationship in the rabbit patellar tendonDavis, Deborah D., January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.
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Effet du diabète insulino-dépendant sur la régénération tendineuse /Chbinou, Nadia. January 2004 (has links)
Thèse (M.Sc.)--Université Laval, 2004. / Bibliogr. Publié aussi en version électronique.
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Efeitos da mobilização precose e da mobilizaçao sobre o reparo do tendão patelar em ratos: análise morfológica e morfométricaMarcos, Fernando Marques de [UNESP] 18 March 2009 (has links) (PDF)
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marcos_fm_me_botib.pdf: 650277 bytes, checksum: 42c9e74768577cf19f4d2fbef139c6c1 (MD5) / OS tendões, estruturas importantes para a realização de movimentos, são constituidos por fibroblastos e fibrócitos alongados separados por uma abundante matriz extracelular (MEC) constituida por feixes de colágeno do tipo I, que são paralelos, espessos e perfeitamente arranjados, oferecendo grande resistência a força de tração. Os tendões são acometidos por lesões, principalmente por esforços excessivos, além de serem importantes fontes de enxerto para a reconstruc;ao do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA). a enxerto mais utilizado por ter caracteristicas histologicas semelhantes com 0 LCA e 0 tendao Patelar (TP). Atualmente, existem vários tipos de tratamento para reparação de tendões. Entre eles pode-se destacar a imobilização do membro afetado por vários dias. Durante o período de reabilitação da reconstrução do LCA, pouco se da importância para a reparação da fonte doadora de enxerto, podendo assim ocorrer diversas complicações com o tendão. Neste estudo, foram investigados os efeitos da imobilização e comparados com a mobilização precoce do membro afetado no processo de reparação do TP. O estudo foi realizado com 48 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar, os quais foram divididos em 3 grupos de 16 animais. Os animais sofreram uma lesão cirúrgica no TP esquerdo. Após a lesão, um grupo de animais foi solto na gaiola; o segundo grupo foi realizado mobilização precoce e solto na gaiola sendo continuado a mobilização todos os dias ate o dia do seu sacrificio; e o terceiro grupo foi submetido a uma imobilização do segmento lesado com uma tala de gesso e resina acrílica. Os animais foram sacrificados após 24, 48 horas e 7 dias de lesão. Após o sacrifício, foi coletado o TP e emblocado em parafina. Cortes foram corados pela hematoxilina-eosina e picrossírius. Além disso, nas lâminas de picrossírius foram mensurados o tamanho de ondulações... / Tendons are important structures for the movement, being constituted of layes of alonged fibroblasts and fibrocytes separated by large and aligned type I collagen fibers, providing a great tensile strenght. Tendons lesions are frequent, mainly by excessive loading or induced by surgical proceeding for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The main source of graft for ACL reconstruction is the patellar tendon. Currently, there are several treatment to improve the tendon repair after an injury, among than we can destak the immobilization and early mobilization of the joint. During the reabilitation of ACL after reconstruction little attention has been given to the repair of tendon donor of the graft. In this study, were investigated the effects of the immobilization in comparison to the early mobilization of the joint on the process of pattelar tendon repair. Forthy eight adult male Wistar Rat were divided into 3 groups of 16 animals. All the animals were submitted to a surgical lesion, under anestesia, in the central part of the left patte1ar tendon. After the lesion, a group of animals were left free in the cavage; a second group had the lesioned joint immobilized; and a third group were submitted to early mobilization of the lesioned joint and left free in the cavage. The mobilized group animals were submitted to dayly series of mobilization. The animals were euthanased 24, 48, and 168 hours after the surgery. The patellar tendon was excised and processed for Paraplast embedding. Histological sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosyn and sirius red. Furtermore, the crimp pattern was evaluated by morphometry in the sirius red stained sections observed under polarized light. Immunohistochemistry for PCNA were used to determine... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Efeitos da mobilização precose e da mobilizaçao sobre o reparo do tendão patelar em ratos : análise morfológica e morfométrica /Marcos, Fernando Marques de. January 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Sérgio Luis Felisbino / Banca: Raquel Domeniconi / Banca: Luiz Fernando Barbesian / Resumo: OS tendões, estruturas importantes para a realização de movimentos, são constituidos por fibroblastos e fibrócitos alongados separados por uma abundante matriz extracelular (MEC) constituida por feixes de colágeno do tipo I, que são paralelos, espessos e perfeitamente arranjados, oferecendo grande resistência a força de tração. Os tendões são acometidos por lesões, principalmente por esforços excessivos, além de serem importantes fontes de enxerto para a reconstruc;ao do Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA). a enxerto mais utilizado por ter caracteristicas histologicas semelhantes com 0 LCA e 0 tendao Patelar (TP). Atualmente, existem vários tipos de tratamento para reparação de tendões. Entre eles pode-se destacar a imobilização do membro afetado por vários dias. Durante o período de reabilitação da reconstrução do LCA, pouco se da importância para a reparação da fonte doadora de enxerto, podendo assim ocorrer diversas complicações com o tendão. Neste estudo, foram investigados os efeitos da imobilização e comparados com a mobilização precoce do membro afetado no processo de reparação do TP. O estudo foi realizado com 48 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar, os quais foram divididos em 3 grupos de 16 animais. Os animais sofreram uma lesão cirúrgica no TP esquerdo. Após a lesão, um grupo de animais foi solto na gaiola; o segundo grupo foi realizado mobilização precoce e solto na gaiola sendo continuado a mobilização todos os dias ate o dia do seu sacrificio; e o terceiro grupo foi submetido a uma imobilização do segmento lesado com uma tala de gesso e resina acrílica. Os animais foram sacrificados após 24, 48 horas e 7 dias de lesão. Após o sacrifício, foi coletado o TP e emblocado em parafina. Cortes foram corados pela hematoxilina-eosina e picrossírius. Além disso, nas lâminas de picrossírius foram mensurados o tamanho de ondulações... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Tendons are important structures for the movement, being constituted of layes of alonged fibroblasts and fibrocytes separated by large and aligned type I collagen fibers, providing a great tensile strenght. Tendons lesions are frequent, mainly by excessive loading or induced by surgical proceeding for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The main source of graft for ACL reconstruction is the patellar tendon. Currently, there are several treatment to improve the tendon repair after an injury, among than we can destak the immobilization and early mobilization of the joint. During the reabilitation of ACL after reconstruction little attention has been given to the repair of tendon donor of the graft. In this study, were investigated the effects of the immobilization in comparison to the early mobilization of the joint on the process of pattelar tendon repair. Forthy eight adult male Wistar Rat were divided into 3 groups of 16 animals. All the animals were submitted to a surgical lesion, under anestesia, in the central part of the left patte1ar tendon. After the lesion, a group of animals were left free in the cavage; a second group had the lesioned joint immobilized; and a third group were submitted to early mobilization of the lesioned joint and left free in the cavage. The mobilized group animals were submitted to dayly series of mobilization. The animals were euthanased 24, 48, and 168 hours after the surgery. The patellar tendon was excised and processed for Paraplast embedding. Histological sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosyn and sirius red. Furtermore, the crimp pattern was evaluated by morphometry in the sirius red stained sections observed under polarized light. Immunohistochemistry for PCNA were used to determine... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
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Efeito da idade e do ambiente de criação na biomecanica e bioquímica de tendões de frangos / Effect of age caged and penned environments on the biomechanics and biochemistry of chicken tendonsNakagaki,Wilson Romero 15 August 2006 (has links)
Orientador: Laurecir Gomes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T01:19:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Os tendões transmitem forças de tração entre músculo e osso. Os .efeitos dos estímulos mecânicos dependem da localização anatômica e níveis de atividade no tendão e da contração muscular. Além disto, em um mesmo tendão é possível observar a presença de regiões sob tensão e compressão. Diversos estudos têm relacionado alterações bioquímicas na matriz extracelular de tendões em função do exercício fisico e da idade, porém há poucos trabalhos com tendões de fTangos submetidos ou não ao exercício ativo não forçado. Neste trabalho foram analisados aspectos bioquímicos e biomecânicos do tendão calcâneo e do tendão flexor digital superficial de frangos com 1, 5 e 8 meses de idade, criados em gaiolas e em ambiente amplo. Os resultados de biomecânica mostraram que no tendão calcâneo o exercício aumentou a resistência à força de tração a partir do quinto mês, maior absorção de energia no oitavo mês, maior tensão no primeiro mês e maior rigidez no quinto mês. O exercício e a idade estimularam o aumento no conteúdo de colágeno no quinto mês. O exercício aumentou o conteúdo de glicosaminoglicanos no primeiro e oitavo mês e com o avanço da idade aumentou no oitavo mês na região de compressão e diminuiu progressivamente na região de tensão. Para o tendão flexor digital superficial, sinal de mineralização foi observado no quinto mês. Com a maturação, no grupo criado em ambiente amplo, a força (até o quinto mês) e a absorção de energia aumentaram, mas não houve alteração da rigidez, da tensão e da deformação. O exercício demonstrou que resistência à força, tensão e rigidez foram maiores no quinto mês. O conteúdo de colágeno aumentou com a idade do grupo amplo e aumentou com o exercício no quinto e oitavo meses. O conteúdo de glicosaminoglicanos diminuiu na região de tensão no oitavo mês no grupo amplo enquanto na região de compressão se manteve constante a partir do quinto mês. Com o exercício a quantidade de glicosaminoglicanos .. é substancialmente maior em SDFT jovens do que em maturos. Nossos resultados mostraram que o aumento da resistência do tendão, a maior capacidade em absorver energia e o maior conteúdo de colágeno são dependentes do próprio crescimento e maturação, mas também são influenciados pelo exercício ativo não forçado, indicando que a matriz extracelular é capaz de detectar alterações fisicas, como andar e correr, e de transmitir esta informação para as células / Abstract: The tendons transmit tensile strength between muscle and bone. The effects of the mechanical stimuli depend on the anatomicallocation and activity levels in the tendon and of the muscular contraction. Also, in a same tendon it is possible to observe the presence of regions under tension and compression. Several studies have related biochemical differences in the extracellular matrix of tendons in function of physical exercise and age, however there are few works with tendons of chickens submitted or not to the nonforced active exercise. In this work the biochemical and biomechanical aspects of the calcaneus tendon and the superficial digital flexor tendon fTom1, 5 and 8 months old chickens, caged and penned raised were analyzed.. For the calcaneus tendon the exercise increased the resistance to the load starting fTom the fifth month, larger absorption energy in the eighth month, larger stress in the first month and larger stiffness in the fifth month. The exercise and the age stimulated the increase in the collagen content in the fifth month. The exercise increased the glycosaminoglycans content in the first and eighth months and with the age it increased in the eighth month in the compression region and it decreased progressively in the tension region. For the superficial digital flexor tendon, mineralization was observed in the fifth month. With the maturation, in the penned group, the load (until the fifth month) and the absorption of energy increased, but there was not change in the stiffness, stress and strain. The exercise demonstrated that load, stress and stiffness were greater in the fifth month. The collagen content increased with the age on the penned group and with the exercise in the fifth and eighth months. The glycosaminoglycans content decreased in the tension region in the eighth month in the penned group while in the compression region it remained constant starting from the fifth month. With the exercise the glycosaminoglycans expression is substantially larger in young SDFT than in mature ones. Our results demonstrated .. that the raise in the tendon resistance, the larger capacity in energy absorption and the largest collagen content depend on the own growth and maturation, and they' re also influenced by the nonforced active exercise, indicating that the extracellular matrix is able to detect physical alterations, like walk and run, and transmit this information to the cells / Mestrado / Biologia Celular / Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
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