Thesis (D. Min.)--Mid-America Baptist Theological Seminary, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-166).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Mid-America Baptist Theological Seminary, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-166).

Thesis (D. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 1999. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 133-138).

Estudios morfoestructurales recientes han puesto en evidencia la existencia de una serie de superficies elevadas en ambos flancos de la Cordillera de la Costa y en el flanco occidental de la Cordillera Principal de Chile central. Mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales se reconocen doce superficies de erosión de bajo relieve, elevadas, con alturas que van desde los 750-850 m.s.n.m. a los 4150-4300 m.s.n.m. entre los 33°30’S y 34°30’S. Estas poseen una amplia distribución dentro la zona de estudio. Se reconocen en la Cordillera Principal sobre rocas intrusivas, sedimentarías y volcano-sedimentarías de edad Mesozoica. Las superficies que se reconocen en la Cordillera Principal se desarrollan sobre rocas de la Formación Abanico, Farellones, intrusivos Cenozoicos y rocas sedimentarias Mesozoicas en su parte oriental. Por último, las que se reconocen en la Depreseión Central se desarrollan tanto sobre rocas Mesozoicas y rocas Cenozoicas (intrusivas, sedimentarias, volcano-sedimentarias). Se reconocen superficies sobre rocas intrusivas como sobre rocas sedimentarias. Las superficies son dislocadas y limitadas por fallas, sobre todo aquellas ubicadas en la CP. La correlación de las doce superficies descritas se basó en la elevación que posee cada superficie. Esto resultó en un total de cinco peneplanicies relictas. Estas representarían cinco pulsos de alzamiento general de superficie, alzadas diferencialemnte en bloques. La edad de las peneplanicies reconocidas en la CP está acotada una edad máxima de 9,8 Ma (edad del Plutón San Gabriel) y una edad mínima de 4 Ma (3.85 ± 0,18 Ma, edad de un pórfido ubicado en la mina de El Teniente, y 4,2 ± 0,3 Ma edad de unas lavas ubicadas al sur del área de estudio). La edad mínima de las peneplanicies en la Cordillera de la Costa está acotada por la edad Pleistocena de las terrazas marinas (la peneplanicie más baja es mas antigua que las terrazas). Y por una edad de exhumación de 40 Ma tomada del Alto del Cantillana, para la superficie más alta, siendo necesaria nuevas edades para constreñir la edad de formación de las peneplanicies. El modelo explica la existencia de cinco peneplanicies relictas y explica el basculamiento al oeste que exhiben algunas superficies, y a mayor escala, el basculamiento que exhibe el orógeno.

Submitted by Israel Vieira Neto (israel.vieiraneto@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-03T18:30:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 DISSERTAÇÃO Flávia de Freitas Bastos.pdf: 15703775 bytes, checksum: b3ebb07335dd13d5f7bc15d0842a977b (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T18:30:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 DISSERTAÇÃO Flávia de Freitas Bastos.pdf: 15703775 bytes, checksum: b3ebb07335dd13d5f7bc15d0842a977b (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-10 / CAPES / A presente dissertação objetiva apresentar as características das jazidas de gipsita do Pólo Gesseiro Araripe-PE, principal produtor de gipsita e gesso do Brasil; assim como as metodologias aplicadas na lavra e descobertura de jazidas de gipsita na região do Araripe – PE. Com o objetivo de melhorar o processo de lavra fez-se um estudo de caso na Mineração Royal Gipso Ltda, localizada no Sítio Ponta da Serra, município de Araripina – PE. Atualmente a mineração Royal Gipso utiliza o método de Lavra Open Pit Mining para a atividade de explotação de gipsita, principal atividade da economia local. O método de lavra atual, embora proporcione um bom desenvolvimento técnico da lavra, ocasiona um significativo impacto ambiental que pode ser mitigado com a mudança do método de lavra “Open Pit Mining” para o método “Terrace Mining”. No trabalho inicialmente foi realizado a cubagem da reserva medida através dos dados topográficos obtidos em campo. O cálculo da cubagem foi realizado através do software AUTOCAD e comparada ao modelo geológico desenvolvido no DATAMINE STUDIO 3.0 pelo método dos triângulos e com isto foi obtido um resultado satisfatório. Na segunda etapa da dissertação foi possível avaliar as vantagens e desvantagens das metodologias utilizadas, baseado nos dados de tempo de ciclo dos equipamentos das operações unitárias da lavra, principalmente de transporte do material estéril proporcionando a diminuição dos custos operacionais da lavra, o que sugere uma mudança nos procedimentos de explotação. Por fim são abordadas questões relativas à otimização da operação de explotação de gipsita com ênfase no aspecto ambiental no que diz respeito à deposição do material estéril e a diminuição do custo operacional através da mudança no método de lavra.

The subject of my diploma thesis is a new-build quest pension in Čeladná. The building has two above-ground floors in the first part and one floor is in the second part. The pension is partially with a cellar and i tis located in the periphery of tve village on nearly flat terrain. The second floor is only for pension quests. On the first floor, there i salso a restaurant with a covered terrace. The perimeter load-bearing walls of above-ground floors are mad of Porotherm brick blocks, underground walls are made of BUILD IN concrete blocks. The ceiling structure consists of a folded ceiling of prestressed spiral ceiling panels spiroll. The roof above the second floor is formed as a double-skin flat roof. A vegetation single-skin flat roof is designed above the first floor. The parking for visitors is located on the east side, also the parking for the epmloye is designed on the south side.

Rates of marsh wetland loss in the northern Gulf of Mexico are the highest observed in North America. Marsh terraces have been implemented over the last 30 years to address this loss. Marsh Terraces reduce fetch and resulting wave energy which, reduces rates erosion of sediments in coastal wetlands. This thesis evaluated marsh terraces by extensive data collection that will assess the spatiotemporal relationships between wind patterns, wave parameters, and sediment strength in water bodies modified with marsh terraces. Data collected during two four-month deployments captured the passage of 40 cold front storms and the passage of Hurricane Barry. Results indicated that the mean threshold for erosion for marsh platform and terraces (0.194 N/m2 and 0.500 N/m2) were often exceeded during the passage of cold front storms. Orientation to reduce the influence of these storms was determined to be 270/55 which is perpendicular to cold front associated winds.

Louisiana’s coastal wetlands support millions of resident and migratory birds annually but account for 80% of the nation’s coastal wetland loss. Marsh terracing is a restoration technique that constructs segmented ridges in open water areas to enhance marsh conditions. Despite widespread use, their value as avian habitat has received limited study. Using ground and aerial surveys, we evaluated avian use of marsh terraces across 24 paired sites (marsh terrace and non-terrace sites) in coastal Louisiana. Avian surveys focused on breeding secretive marsh birds (SMB) and wintering waterfowl. Results indicate that presence or absence of marsh terraces influenced numbers of ducks detected, though relative abundance varied spatially and temporally. The effect on SMB abundance varied by species and environmental variables, including habitat structure and water availability. The study highlights the complexity of bird responses to marsh terracing, emphasizing the importance of considering species-specific habitat preferences and environmental factors in restoration planning.

Quantitative photographs of benthic communities at two northern Miami Terrace sites, originally investigated as part of an environmental impact survey in advance of the proposed Calypso pipeline, and two Pourtalès Terrace sites, investigated as part of an exploration of deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems (DSCEs) within the Pourtalès Terrace Deep-water Coral Habitat Area of Particular Concern (CHAPC), were reanalyzed and compared for similarities and differences. Both terraces are part of an elongated lithified platform that parallels the southeastern Florida coast at depths averaging between 250 and 450 m. Although both sites have similar geological origins and lie under the Florida Current, previous work has suggested that the two terraces support different benthic faunas. Images from 28 phototransects from the two terraces were condensed into two depth bins of 250-300 m and 450-550 m. Distributions of taxa compared among individual sites were depth driven, whereas distributions of taxa between the northern Miami Terrace and Pourtalès Terrace appeared to be driven by geological features, as sites at similar depths had different communities and densities, with the only distinguishing variables being location and geologic features. Results indicate that location is the driving factor contributing to differences in deep-water benthic communities between the two terraces. Depth bin 450-550 m was dominated on the Miami Terrace by hard substrates supporting octocorals (Pseudodrifa nigra, Primnoidae, Keratoisis sp., and Anthomastus sp.), anemones, and sponges (mainly Phakellia sp.) and on the Pourtalès Terrace by hard substrates and coral rubble supporting Paramuricea unid sp. 3, Comatonia cristata, Plumarella sp. 2, and Astrophorina unid. sp. 4. Depth bin 250-300 m on the northern Miami Terrace was dominated by sediment substrates and supported anemones, soft corals and zoanthids, and on the Pourtalès by sediment-veneered hard bottom with Stylaster miniatus, Plumarella unid sp., Hydroida unid sp., and Isididae unid sp. 2. The relationships between depth, location and geomorphology may be useful in designing future benthic mapping projects. In addition, species densities and protection statuses can aid future community assessments between protected habitats and non-protected habitats to measure the effectiveness and management strategies of deep-water marine protected areas. The relationships revealed by this study can be used to support the management of the Miami Terrace, Pourtalès Terrace, and other sites to conserve deep-water coral environments.

Charwell Basin is a 6 km-wide structural depression situated at the boundary between the axial ranges and faulted and folded Marlborough Fault Zone of north-eastern South Island, New Zealand. The basin contains the piedmont reach of the Charwell River, and a series of late Quaternary loess-mantled alluvial terraces and terrace remnants that have been uplifted and translocated from their sediment source due to strike-slip motion along the Hope Fault which bounds the basin to its immediate north. The aim of this study was to provide an interdisciplinary, integrated and holistic analysis of late Quaternary landscape evolution and environmental change in Charwell Basin using terrain analysis, loess stratigraphy, soil chemistry and paleoecological data. The study contributes new understanding of New Zealand landscape and ecosystem responses to regional and global climatic change extending to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6, and shows that climatically-forced shifts in biogeomorphic processes play a significant role in lowland landscape evolution. Morphometric analysis of alluvial terraces and terrace remnants of increasing age demonstrated geomorphic evolution through time, with a decrease in extent of original planar terrace tread morphology and an increase in frequency of steeper slopes and convexo-concave land elements. Paleotopographic analysis of a &gt150 ka terrace mantled by up to three loess sheets revealed multiple episodes of alluvial aggradation and degradation and, subsequent to river abandonment, gully incision prior to and coeval with loess accumulation. Spatial heterogeneity in loess sheet preservation showed a complex history of loess accumulation and erosion. A critical profile curvature range of -0.005 to -0.014 (d2z/dx2, m-1) for loess erosion derived from a model parameterised in different ways successfully predicted loess occurrence on adjacent slope elements, but incorrectly predicted loess occurrence on an older terrace remnant from which all loess has been eroded. Future analyses incorporating planform curvature, regolith erosivity and other landform parameters may improve identification of thresholds controlling loess occurrence in Charwell Basin and in other South Island landscapes. A loess chronostratigraphic framework was developed for, and pedogenic phases identified in, the three loess sheets mantling the &gt150 ka terrace. Except for one age, infrared-stimulated luminescence dates from both an upbuilding interfluve loess exposure and colluvial gully infill underestimated loess age with respect to the widespread Kawakawa/Oruanui Tephra (KOT; 27,097 ± 957 cal. yr BP), highlighting the need for improvements in the methodology. Onset of loess sheet 1 accumulation started at ca. 50 ka, with a break at ca. 27 ka corresponding to the extended Last Glacial Maximum (eLGM) interstadial identified elsewhere in New Zealand. Loess accumulation through MIS 3 indicates a regional loess flux, and that glaciation was not a necessary condition for loess generation in South Island. Loess accumulation and local alluvial aggradation are decoupled: the youngest aggradation event only covers ~12 kyr of the period of loess sheet 1 accumulation. Older local aggradation episodes could not be the source because their associated terraces are mantled by loess sheet 1. In the absence of numerical ages, the timing of L2 and L3 accumulation is inferred on the basis of an offshore clastic sediment record. The upbuilding phase of loess sheet 2 occurred in late MIS 5a/MIS 4, and loess sheet 3 accumulated in two phases in MIS 5b and late MIS 6. Biogenic silica data were used to reconstruct broad shifts in vegetation and changes in gully soil saturation status. During interglacial/interstadial periods (MIS 1, early MIS 3, MIS 5) Nothofagus¬-dominated forest covered the area in association with Microlaena spp grasses. Lowering of treeline altitude during glacial/stadial periods (MIS 2, MIS 3, MIS 5b, late MIS 6) led to reduction in forest cover and a mosaic of shrubs and Chionochloa spp, Festuca spp and Poa spp tussock grasses. Comparison of interfluve and gully records showed spatial heterogeneity in vegetation cover possibly related to environmental gradients of exposure or soil moisture. A post-KOT peak in gully tree phytoliths corresponds to the eLGM interstadial, and a shift to grass-dominated vegetation occurred during the LGM sensu stricto. Diatoms indicated the site became considerably wetter from ca. 36 ka, with peak wetness at ca. 30, 25 and 21 ka, possibly due to reduced evapotranspiration and/or increased precipitation from a combination of strengthened westerly winds and increased cloudiness, or strengthened southerly flow and increased precipitation. Human influence after ca. 750 yr BP led to re-establishment of grassland in the area, which deposited phytoliths mixed to 30 cm depth in the soil. A coupled gully colluvial infilling/vegetation record showed that sediment flux during the late Pleistocene was ~0.0019 m3 m-1 yr-1 under a shrubland/grassland mosaic, and Holocene sediment flux was ~0.0034 m3 m-1 yr-1 under forest. This increase of 60% through the last glacial-interglacial transition resulted from increased bioturbation and down-slope soil transport via root growth and treethrow, which formed a biomantle as evidenced by slope redistribution of the KOT. These results contrast with sediment transport rates and processes hypothesised to occur contemporaneously in adjacent mountain catchments. This suggests that intraregional biogeomorphic processes can differ significantly depending on topography and geological substrate, with different landscapes responding in unique ways to the same climate shifts. Analysis of Quaternary terrestrial landscape evolution in non-glaciated mountainous and lowland areas must therefore consider spatial and temporal heterogeneity in sediment fluxes and underlying transport processes.