Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2018-05-18T14:00:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Ketyla Karla Rodrigues do Nascimento.pdf: 25462207 bytes, checksum: 0fb2137c9613d2a8add8e97fc4299059 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-18T14:00:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Ketyla Karla Rodrigues do Nascimento.pdf: 25462207 bytes, checksum: 0fb2137c9613d2a8add8e97fc4299059 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / One of the great problems at the presente time is related to hydric availability and waters quality. The release of wastewater not treated properly, the water bodies exceeds in many places, the standards established by Resolution 357/2005 of the National Environmental Council - CONAMA. In the present study we evaluated the drying pear orange peel (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) at temperatures of 60 to 80 ° C, and the potential as a natural adsorbent for removing textile dye Tupy in burgundy color - 16. The research was divided into two phases, the first being drying the material and shaping of the experimental data and the second was the study of adsorption. Among the models used to describe the drying kinetics, the exponential model of two terms obtained best fit to the experimental data, according to the coefficient of determination (R^2)) and the F Test .It was performed chemical modification of the adsorbent with hydrochloric acid – 0,1 mole HCl. The characterization of the adsorbent occurred by determining the point of zero shit – pHpcz, infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform – FTIR and scanning electron microscopy – SEM. The pHpcz for the dry material was 3,5 and the modified material was 2,5 with HCl. The factorial design 2^5 complete with the mass variable, concentration, pH, contact and chemical modification time was applied in order to optimize the adsorption process and evaluated the quantity responses adsorbed (qt) and a reduction in dye concentration (R%). For the qt response, all variables showed significant effect at the 95% confidence interval, and for response reduction only the variable concentration was not statistically significant. The kinetic assays were conducted at pH 4,0 and concentration of 200 mg.L-1, samples being collected every five minutes to 60 minutes for both adsorbents. The kinetic data were fitted to models of pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order equation Elovich, with the model of the pseudo-second order best fit to testing on the material without chemical modification. For the adsorbent modified with HCl the pseudo-first order model obtained best fit, presenting bigger values R2 and F Test. The values isotherms were constructed concentration ranging from 25 to 200 mg.L-1, pH 4,0. For data obtained with unmodified material, the Sips isotherm obtained the highest R^2 value and Test F and the data obtained with modified material, the Freundlich isotherm described in a more satisfactory manner. The adsorbent originating from orange peel was efficient for the removal of dye in the study. / Um dos grandes problemas da atualidade está relacionado à disponibilidade hídrica e à qualidade das águas. O lançamento de efluentes não tratados adequadamente, nos corpos hídricos, ultrapassa em muitos trechos, os padrões estabelecidos pela resolução 357/2005 do Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente – CONAMA. No presente estudo avaliou-se a secagem da casca de laranja pera (Citrus sinensis L. osbeck), nas temperaturas de 60 e 80 °C, e o potencial como adsorvente natural, para remoção do corante têxtil Tupy, na cor bordô – 16. A pesquisa foi dividida em duas fases, a primeira foi a secagem do material e modelagem dos dados experimentais, e a segunda foi o estudo da adsorção. Entre os modelos utilizados para descrever a cinética de secagem, o modelo exponencial de dois termos obteve melhor ajuste aos dados experimentais, de acordo com o coeficiente de determinação (R ) e o Teste F. Realizou-se a ativação ácida do adsorvente com ácido clorídrico - HCl 0,1 molar. A caracterização do adsorvente se deu através da determinação do ponto de caga zero – pHpcz, da espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourier – FTIR e da micrografia de varredura eletrônica – MEV. O pHpcz para o material seco foi de 3,5 e para o material modificado com HCl foi 2,5. O planejamento fatorial 2 completo com as variáveis massa, concentração, pH, tempo de contato e ativação ácida foi aplicado com a finalidade de otimizar o processo de adsorção, sendo avaliadas as respostas quantidade adsorvida (qt) e redução na concentração de corante (R%). Para a resposta qt, todas as variáveis apresentaram efeito significativo ao intervalo de confiança de 95%, e para a resposta redução apenas a variável concentração não apresentou significância estatística. Os ensaios cinéticos foram realizados em pH 4,0 e concentração de 200 mg.L-1, sendo coletadas amostras a cada cinco minutos até 60 minutos, para ambos os adsorventes. Os dados cinéticos foram ajustados aos modelos de pseudo-primeira ordem, pseudo-segunda ordem e equação de Elovich, sendo o modelo de pseudo-segunda ordem o que melhor se ajustou aos ensaios com o material sem ativação ácida. Para o adsorvente modificado com HCl, o modelo pseudo-primeira ordem obteve melhor ajuste, apresentando maiores valores de R e Teste F. As isotermas foram construídas variando a concentração de 25 a 200 mg.L-1, com pH 4,0. Para os dados obtidos com material sem ativação química, a isoterma de Sips obteve maior valor de R^2 e Teste F, e para os dados obtidos com material modificado, a isoterma de Freundlich descreveu de maneira mais satisfatória. O adsorvente oriundo da casca da laranja se mostrou eficiente para a remoção do corante em estudo.

A indústria têxtil utiliza grandes quantidades de água e como consequência gera efluente que apresenta um alto potencial de impacto ambiental. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o tratamento de efluentes têxteis produzidos com corantes reativos por processo de oxidação avançada H2O2/UV, os efluentes foram produzidos em laboratório segundo as condições de processos industriais e foram utilizados nos estudos de reuso em um novo processo de tingimento. Foram produzidos efluentes através dos tingimentos com três corantes reativos um amarelo Drimaren Cl-2R um vermelho Drimaren Cl-5B e um azul Drimaren, na concentração de 1,1% individualmente e em conjunto, compondo uma tricromia a 1,2%. Foram adicionados 14,71 mmol. L-1 peróxido de hidrogênio nas amostras residuais de efluentes e estas foram colocadas no reator de fotodegradação com radiação UV, foram utilizados como fonte de irradiação três lâmpadas de 6 Watts capazes de emissão de UV 1,7 Watts. As amostras foram coletadas e analisadas em intervalos de até 270 minutos de irradiação. Este processo foi executado em três faixas de pH diferentes, 4,0; 7,0 e 11,0, sendo que no pH 4,0 o processo foi mais eficiente com resultados de remoção de cor superiores a 91,12 ± 3,09%. Estas águas de reuso foram utilizadas para novos tingimentos nas mesmas condições e analisadas por meio de colorimetria resultando em valores de E menores que 0,62. Foram realizadas analises de carbono orgânico total (COT), as quais também corroboraram com os resultados anteriores, uma vez que demonstram que existe redução da carga orgânica de até 43,22%. Foram realizadas medições de condutividade dos banhos e assim foi possível fazer a correção de cloreto de sódio nos banhos dos processos de tingimentos posteriores, permitindo assim a redução da adição de cloreto de sódio nos banhos. / The textile industry uses big quantities of water and normally as consequence the effluent has a high environmental impact. This study aimed treat textile effluents produced with reactive dyes by advanced H2O2 / UV oxidation process, the effluents were produced in the laboratory under conditions of industrial processes and have been used in studies of reuse in a new dying process. The effluents were produced by dying with three reactive yellow Drimaren dye CL 2R, red Drimaren CL 5B and blue Drimaren HF-RL in concentration of 1.1% individually and in combination, comprising a trichromy of 1.2%. In the waste effluent was added 14.71 mmol.L-1 hydrogen peroxide and these samples were placed on a photodegradation reactor where was used three lamps 6 Watts UV able to emit 1.7 Watts each of them. The samples were collected and analyzed at intervals of up to 270 minutes of irradiation. This process was performed in three different pH ranges, 4,0; 7,0 and 11,0, and at pH 4,0 the process was more efficient with color removal rate higher than 91,12 ± 3,09%.%.This reuse water has been used for new dying under the same conditions and analyzed through colorimetry resulting in lower E values than 0.62. The total organic carbon analysis (TOC), which also corroborate the previous results, since it shows that there is a reduction of the organic load of up to 43.22%. The bath conductivity measurements were carried out and it was possible to make the adjustment of sodium chloride in the further dying processes allowing the reduction of sodium chloride added in the baths.

Wastewaters from textile industry contain organic dyes, which cannot be easily treated by biological methods. Therefore, pretreatment by an advanced oxidation process (AOP) is needed in order to produce more readily biodegradable compounds and to remove color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) simultaneously. In this research, ozone (O3) is combined with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for the advanced oxidation of an azo dye solution, namely aqueous solution of Acid Red 151, which is called as &ldquo / Peroxone process&rdquo / . The aim of the study is to enhance the ozonation efficiency in treating the waste dye solution. The effects of pH, initial dye and initial ozone concentrations and the concentration ratio of initial H2O2 to initial O3 on color and COD removals were investigated. Also, the kinetics of O3-dye reaction in the presence of H2O2 was approximately determined. As a result of the experimental study, it was seen that an increase in the initial dye concentration at a constant pH and initial ozone concentration did not change the COD % removal significantly, from a statistical analysis of the data. The results obtained at pH values of 2.5 and 7 gave higher oxidation efficiencies in terms of color and COD removals compared to those at pH of 10. The best initial molar ratio of H2O2 to O3 was found to be 0.5, which yielded highest treatment efficiency for each pH value studied. The results of the excess dye experiments suggest that the ozonation of Acid Red 151 follows an average first order reaction with respect to ozone at pH=2.5 and pH=7 whereas it is around 0.56 at pH=10. By Initial Rate Method, the orders with respect to individual reactants of O3 and dye were determined as one, the total order of the reaction being two for all the studied pH. As a conclusion, a further study of the peroxone process at a pH of 10 can be recommended to determine the reaction kinetics and mechanism at this pH, where radicals play an important role.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / O descarte de efluentes tÃxteis em Ãguas superficiais representa um sÃrio problema ambiental e de saÃde pÃblica devido, principalmente, à presenÃa de corantes na sua composiÃÃo, muitos dos quais sÃo potencialmente tÃxicos e carcinogÃnicos. A remoÃÃo de cor desses compostos ainda à uma das maiores dificuldades enfrentadas pelas estaÃÃes de tratamento de efluentes das indÃstrias desse segmento. Dentre os mÃtodos de descoloraÃÃo, o tratamento anaerÃbio tem merecido bastante destaque por ser economicamente atraente. Nesta pesquisa, foram realizados dois experimentos acerca da remoÃÃo de cor de corantes de efluentes tÃxteis. O primeiro objetivou, inicialmente, avaliar e comparar a remoÃÃo de cor de efluente tÃxtil sintÃtico, contendo o corante azo Congo Red (CR), em sistemas anaerÃbios de um estÃgio, composto por um Ãnico reator UASB (R1), e de dois estÃgios (R2), composto por um reator UASB acidogÃnico (R2,A) seguido de um outro metanogÃnico (R2,M). Os reatores foram submetidos a diferentes condiÃÃes operacionais, variando-se as concentraÃÃes iniciais do corante e do substrato doador de elÃtrons (etanol) assim como o tempo de detenÃÃo hidrÃulica (TDH) dos reatores. Constatou-se que, com o aumento gradual da concentraÃÃo de CR de 0,3 para 1,2 mM, a eficiÃncia mÃdia total de remoÃÃo de cor do R1 diminuiu de 97,8 para 95,1%, enquanto a do R2 nÃo apresentou variaÃÃo relevante, sendo o R2,A responsÃvel por grande parte da descoloraÃÃo total alcanÃada (98,5%). Em relaÃÃo à concentraÃÃo inicial de etanol, observou-se queda de menos de 2% na eficiÃncia mÃdia do R1 contra quase 6% na do R2 ao se reduzir a concentraÃÃo do substrato de 1,0 para apenas 0,2 g DQO/L. E, ao se reduzir o TDH total dos sistemas de 24 para 12 horas, as eficiÃncias mÃdias de R1 e R2 passaram de, aproximadamente, 98% para 96,6 e 97,7%, respectivamente. Posteriormente, esses mesmos sistemas ainda foram alimentados com efluente tÃxtil real, e, apesar de ambos terem apresentado eficiÃncias de remoÃÃo de cor menores do que as obtidas com o CR, o R1 atingiu um valor mÃdio 7% maior do que o do R2. O segundo experimento buscou avaliar e comparar a remoÃÃo de cor de efluente tÃxtil real em sistemas anaerÃbios de um estÃgio (TDH = 12 h) suplementados ou nÃo com doador de elÃtrons (etanol) e mediador redox (AQDS). NÃo se observou nenhuma diferenÃa entre os valores mÃdios de eficiÃncia de descoloraÃÃo obtidos pelo reator suplementado com AQDS (R3) e pelo reator livre desse composto (R4). Entretanto, na ausÃncia de etanol, embora ambos os reatores tenham apresentado menores valores de eficiÃncia de remoÃÃo de cor, o R3 obteve uma eficiÃncia mÃdia 5% maior do que a do R4. Concluiu-se que os sistemas anaerÃbios empregados foram capazes de remover a cor de corantes de efluentes sintÃtico e real sob diferentes condiÃÃes operacionais. O impacto do mediador redox nÃo foi evidente no tratamento do efluente real a um TDH de 12 horas, e a ausÃncia de doador de elÃtrons adicional reduziu a eficiÃncia de remoÃÃo de cor dos reatores / The release of textile effluents into superficial water bodies represents a serious environmental problem and a public health concern because lots of dyes from wastewater and their breakdown products are potentially toxic and carcinogenic. Colour removal of dyes is still a challenge for textile industry wastewater treatment plants. Amongst the decolourisation methods, the anaerobic treatment has called attention for being economically attractive. This work reports two textile wastewater colour removal experiments. The first one aimed, primarily, to assess and compare colour removal of synthetic textile effluent, which contained the azo dye Congo Red (CR), in an one-stage anaerobic system, consisted of only a UASB reactor (R1), and in a two-stage anaerobic system (R2), consisted of an acidogenic (R2,A) followed by a methanogenic reactor (R2,M). The reactors were run under different operational conditions by varying the initial dye and electron donor (ethanol) concentrations as well as the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the reactors. It was observed that, with gradual increase of CR concentration from 0.3 to 1.2 mM, R1 total average colour removal efficiency decreased from 97.8 to 95.1%, while R2 did not present remarkable variation, and R2,A was responsible for the major part of total decolourisation reached (98.5%). Concerning the initial ethanol concentration, a less than 2% drop was observed at R1 average efficiency against an almost 6% one at R2 by reducing the substrate concentration from 1.0 to only 0.2 g COD/L. And, by reducing the systems total HRT from 24 for 12 hours, the R1 and R2 average efficiencies changed from, approximately, 98% to 96.6 and 97.7%, respectively. Afterwards, those same systems were fed with real textile wastewater, and, although both have presented lower colour removal efficiencies than the ones achieved with CR, R1 reached a 7% average value higher than R2. The second experiment aimed to assess and compare the real textile wastewater colour removal in one-stage anaerobic systems (HRT = 12 h) supplemented or not with electron donor (ethanol) and redox mediator (AQDS). No difference was observed between decolourisation efficiency average values achieved by the reactor supplemented with AQDS (R3) and by the reactor free of this compound (R4). However, in the absence of ethanol, both reactors have presented lower colour removal efficiency values, the R3 reached a 5% average efficiency higher than R4 one. It can be concluded that the used anaerobic systems achieved good decolourisation efficiencies with both synthetic and real textile wastewaters under the different operational conditions studied. The redox mediator impact was not evident in the treatment of the real effluent at HRT of 12 hours, and the absence of an external electron donor reduced the reactors colour removal efficiency

Applying chemical coagulants and auxiliary coagulants in wastewater treatment has become more popular in Vietnam. Although the efficacy of chemical coagulants has been well recognized, there are disadvantages associated with the use of these products, such as the inefficiency at low temperatures, increasing the residual cation in solution, causing health problems and distribution water, relatively high cost, producing high volume of sludge. Thus, it is desirable to replace these chemical coagulants for products that do not generate such drawbacks, such as natural polymers. In this paper, the authors conducted experiments by using natural auxiliary coagulants extracted from seeds of Cassia fistula (gum MHY) and chemical polymer as auxiliary coagulation to treat textile wastewater with basic polluted parameters: pH = 9.0; COD = 800 mgO2/L, color = 750 Pt-Co. The Jartest experiment results showed that the process efficiency of chemical polymer and gum MHY is not so different, with the COD removal efficiencies of 60.3% and 59.7%; the color removal efficiencies of 87.3% and 87.1%; the SS removal efficiencies of 93.2% and 92.6%. There-fore, coagulants obtained from gum MHY can be applied as the alternatives for chemical polymer in the process of treating textile wastewater. / Các ứng dụng chất keo tụ và chất trợ keo tụ hóa học trong xử lý nước thải ngày càng trở nên phổ biến tại Việt Nam. Mặc dù có nhiều ghi nhận về hiệu quả xử lý của chất keo tụ hóa học, phương pháp xử lý này vẫn tồn tại một số nhược điểm như hiệu suất xử lý thấp ở nhiệt độ thấp, nước thải sau khi xử lý còn chứa nhiều hóa chất tiếp tục làm ô nhiễm nguồn tiếp nhận, chi phí xử lý cao và tạo ra nhiều bùn thải. Do đó việc tìm kiếm một phương án xử lý thay thế, chẳng hạn sử dụng polymer tự nhiên, có thể khắc phục những nhược điểm này là rất cần thiết. Nghiên cứu này tiến hành đánh giá hiệu quả sử dụng chất trợ keo tụ sinh học ly trích từ hạt trái Muồng Hoàng yến (Cassia fistula) và chất trợ keo tụ hóa học để xử lý nước thải dệt nhuộm có các thông số ô nhiễm cơ bản: pH = 9,0; COD = 800 mgO2/L, độ màu = 750 Pt-Co. Các thí nghiệm trên bộ Jartest cho thấy hiệu quả xử lý nước thải dệt nhuộm của chất trợ keo tụ gum Muồng Hoàng yến và chất trợ keo tụ hóa học không khác biệt có ý nghĩa với hiệu suất xử lý COD lần lượt là 60,3 và 59,7%; hiệu suất xử lý độ màu là 87,3 và 87,1%; xử lý SS là 93,2 và 92,6%. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy gum hạt Muồng Hoàng yến có thể sử dụng làm chất trợ keo tụ thay thế chất trợ keo tụ hóa học trong xử lý ô nhiễm nước thải dệt nhuộm.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:41:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BethATA_DISSERT.pdf: 4261945 bytes, checksum: f9ef7f539e59502be1e168b17a14bf4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Polyester fibers are the most used fibers in the world and disperse dyes are used for dyeing these fibers. After dyeing, the colorful dyebath is discharged into effluent streams, which needs a special treatment for color removal. Surfactants interaction with dyes has been evaluated in several studies, including the textile area, specifically in the separation of dyes from textile wastewater. In this work a cationic surfactant was used in a microemulsion system for the extraction of anionic dyes (disperses dyes) from textile wastewater. These microemulsion system was composed by dodecylamonium chloride (surfactant), kerosene oil (organic phase), isoamyl alcohol (cosurfactant) and the wastewater (aqueous phase). The wastewater that results after the dyeing process is acid (pH 5). It was observed that changing the pH value to above 12.8 the extraction could be made, resulting in an aqueous phase with low color level. The Scheff? net experimental design was used for the extraction process optimization, and the obtained results were evaluated using the program "Statistica 7.0". The optimal microemulsion system was composed by 59.8wt.% of wastewater, 30.1wt.% of kerosene, 3.37wt.% of surfactant and 6.73wt.% of cosurfactant, providing extraction upper than 96%. A mix of reactive dyebath (50%) and disperse dyebath (50%) was used as aqueous phase and it presented extraction upper than 98%. The water phase after extraction process can be reused in a new dyeing, being obtained satisfactory results, according to the limits established by textile industry for a good dyeing. Tests were accomplished seeking to study the influence of salt addition and temperature. An experimental design was used for this purpose, which showed that the extraction doesn't depend on those factors. In this way, the removal of color from textile wastewater by microemulsion is a viable technique (that does not depend of external factors such as salinity and temperature), being obtained good extraction results even with in wastewater mixtures / Fibras de poli?ster s?o as fibras sint?ticas mais utilizadas no mundo e corantes dispersos s?o empregados para o tingimento destas fibras. Depois do tingimento, o banho colorido ? descarregado no efluente, que precisa de um tratamento especial para remo??o de cor. A intera??o de tensoativos com corantes foi estudada em diversas pesquisas inclusive na ?rea t?xtil, especificamente na separa??o de corantes de efluentes t?xteis. Neste trabalho foi usado um tensoativo cati?nico em um sistema de microemuls?o para extra??o de corantes n?oi?nico (corantes dispersos) de efluente t?xtil. Esse sistema de microemuls?o foi composto por cloreto de dodecil am?nio (tensoativo), querosene (fase org?nica), ?lcool isoam?lico (cotensoativo) e o efluente l?quido (fase aquosa). O efluente que resulta depois do processo de tingimento ? ?cido (pH 5). Foi observado que mudando o valor do pH para acima de 12,8 a extra??o poderia ser feita, resultando em uma fase aquosa com baixo n?vel de cor. Um planejamento experimental do tipo rede de Scheff? foi usado, para a otimiza??o do processo de extra??o, e os resultados obtidos foram avaliados usando o programa "Statistica 7.0". O ponto ?timo do sistema de microemuls?o ? composto por 59,8% em massa de efluente, 30,1% de querosene, 3,37% de tensoativo e 6,73% de cotensoativo, promovendo uma extra??o superior a 96%. Foi analisada a efici?ncia da remo??o da cor em um efluente composto por 50% de banho de corante reativo e 50% de banho de corante disperso, obtendo-se uma extra??o superior a 98%. A fase aquosa obtida ap?s a extra??o do corante pode ser reutilizada em um novo tingimento, obtendo-se resultados satisfat?rios, dentro dos limites estabelecidos para um bom tingimento na ind?stria. Tamb?m foram realizados testes que mostravam a influencia de fatores como a adi??o de sal e a varia??o da temperatura. Para isso foi utilizado um planejamento experimental, o qual mostrou que a extra??o n?o depende desses fatores. Dessa forma, a remo??o da cor de efluentes t?xteis por microemuls?o ? uma t?cnica vi?vel (que independe de fatores externos como salinidade e temperatura), obtendo-se inclusive bons resultados de extra??o em misturas de efluentes

Le traitement des rejets textiles se fait habituellement via une filière physico-chimique couplée à un traitement biologique. La qualité de l’effluent obtenu obéit difficilement aux normes de recyclage ou de rejet dans le milieu naturel. Dans cet objectif, différentes combinaisons sont proposées: la coagulation floculation (CF) et/ou l’adsorption sur charbon actif (CAP) en poudre couplée aux techniques membranaires (microfiltration (MF) ou ultrafiltration (UF)), la photocatalyse couplée à un traitement aérobie biologique (système membranaire (BRM) ou réacteur discontinu séquentiel (RDS)) ou au traitement anaérobie par voie biologique ou chimique. Une comparaison générale a été réalisée pour optimiser le traitement adéquat. La combinaison CF-CAP-UF est un traitement efficace pour la réduction de la DCO, de la couleur et de la turbidité. La dégradation de deux colorants textiles (azoïque et phthalocyanine) a été étudiée par photocatalyse simple ou combinée à un BRM. Le traitement photocatalytique a été réalisé en présence de dioxyde de titane fixé sur un support en fibres de cellulose dans un réacteur à film tombant en présence d’irradiation UV. Pour les deux types de réacteurs biologiques, bien que la biomasse ait été influencée par la variation de la concentration en colorant et par le mode de fonctionnement continu pour le BRM, elle a pu résister. Après le pré-traitement nous avons obtenu une complète décoloration mais les sous produits photocatalytiques demeurent toxiques et peuvent empêcher l’abattement de la DCO. Dans une dernière partie, nous avons testé le couplage de la photocatalyse à un traitement chimique par hydrogénation catalytique ou biologique par boues granulaires. Cette dernière possibilité s’avère être efficace puisque des taux de décoloration supérieurs à 90% ont été atteints pour différents types de colorants et qu’aucune toxicité des produits obtenus lors du pré-traitement photocatalytique n’a été détectée / The treatment of textile wastewater is usually done by a set of physicochemical processes coupled with a biological treatment. The effluent quality abides with difficulty the norms for reuse or discharge in environment. Various treatment combinations have been tested such as coagulation-flocculation (CF) and adsorption on activated carbon (PAC) coupled with membrane technologies (microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF)), photocatalysis coupled with a biological treatment (membrane bioreactor (MBR) or a sequential batch reactor (SBR) or a biological and chemical anaerobic treatment. A general comparison was made to optimise the appropriate treatment. The combination CF-PAC-UF is the most effective of non-biological systems in terms of COD, absorbance and turbidity removal. The degradation of an azoïc and a phthalocyanine textile dyes by simple photocatalysis or combined to a membrane bioreactor has been investigated. Photocatalysis was achieved in a falling film reactor containing titanium dioxide fixed on cellulose fibres under UV irradiation. For both biological systems, although biomass was influenced by the variation of dyes concentration and the continuous operating mode for the MBR, it could resist to the applied conditions. However, even after pre-treatment where full decolouration was achieved, photocatalytic by-products were toxic and could inhibit COD removal. Chemical and biological anaerobic treatment have been applied to textile dyes and combined with a photocatalytic process. Photocatalysis was able to remove more than 90% color from crude as well as autoxidized reduced dye solutions. The photocatalytic end-products were not toxic toward methanogenic bacteria

Nowadays, natural polymeric materials extracted from plants are the new alternatives for synthetic chemicals in water and wastewater treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of Cassia fistula seed gum (CFG) as a coagulant aid with PAC in the treatment of textile wastewater. Jartest experiments were carried out to identify the optimal parameters of coagulation-flocculation for removing color and COD in synthesis wastewater containing Methyl blue and RB21 dyes, including pH, settling time, PAC dose, the optimal CFG dosage in comparing with the cationic polymer. After that, actual textile wastewater was treated by using PAC, PAC plus cationic polymer, and PAC plus CFG for evaluating the role of CFG. CFG supplementation has assisted the process effects at nearly 98% color, 85% COD for RB21 and 90% color, 70% COD for MB at the best dose of CFG 0.15 mL and 0.1 mL, respectively. The optimized parameters for the coagulation of real textile wastewater using PAC were pH = 6 and dose = 0.6 mL can removal 66% of color. By adding CFG to PAC, the efficient of treatment was increased about 70% even at the lower dosage of PAC and CFG (0.5 mL for each reagent). The yield of combining PAC and polymer was a little bit lower than PAC and CFG, for instant 68% color was decreased at the same condition. These achievements demonstrated a workable substitute of natural products such as Cassis fistula seed gum for synthetic chemical products in coagulation-flocculation process. / Hiện nay các loại vật liệu sinh học chiết xuất từ thực vật đang được nghiên cứu ứng dụng trong xử lý nước và nước thải thay cho các chất hóa học. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là đánh giá hiệu quả của việc sử dụng gum được chiết xuất từ hạt cây Muồng Hoàng Yến (MHY) làm chất trợ keo tụ trong xử lý nước thải dệt nhuộm. Thí nghiệm Jartest được tiến hành nhằm xác định các điều kiện tối ưu cho quá trình xử lý nước thải tổng hợp chứa thuốc nhuộm Methyle Blue (MB) và RB21 bao gồm pH, thời gian lắng, liều PAC, liều gum MHY và liều polymer. Sau đó tiến hành xử lý nước thải thật với các điều kiện thích hợp đã xác định nhằm đánh giá vai trò của gum MHY. Gum MHY làm tăng hiệu quả của quá trình xử lý, đạt gần 98% đối với độ màu, 85% COD đối với RB21, 90% độ màu và 70% COD đối với MB với liều lượng tương ứng là 0,15 mL và 0,1 mL. Các thông số tối ưu cho quá trình xử lý trên mẫu nước thải thật là pH = 6, liều PAC = 0.6 mL có thể làm giảm 66% độ màu. Bổ sung gum MHY làm chất trợ keo tụ giúp gia tăng hiệu quả xử lý màu lên 70% dù với liều lượng rất thấp là 0,5 mL. Hiệu suất xử lý khi sử dụng kết hợp PAC và polymer thấp hơn trong trường hợp sử dụng PAC và gum MHY, cụ thể khoảng 68% độ màu được xử lý ở cùng một điều kiện. Những kết quả này cho thấy tiềm năng của việc sử dụng các vật liệu gum tự nhiên nhằm thay thế cho các hợp chất hóa học trong các quá trình keo tụ tạo bông để xử lý nước thải.