With the emergence of quantum physics and computer science in the 20th century, a new era was born which can solve very difficult problems in a much faster rate or problems that classical computing just can't solve. In the 21st century, quantum computing needs to be used to solve tough problems in engineering, business, medical, and other fields that required results not today but yesterday. To make this dream come true, engineers in the semiconductor industry need to make the quantum circuits a reality. To realize quantum circuits and make them scalable, they need to be fault tolerant, therefore Clifford+T gates need to be implemented into those circuits. But the main issue is that in the Clifford+T gate set, T gates are expensive to implement. Carry Look-Ahead addition circuits have caught the interest of researchers because the number of gate layers encountered by a given qubit in the circuit (or the circuit's depth) is logarithmic in terms of the input size n. Therefore, this thesis focuses on optimizing previous designs of out-of-place and in-place Carry Look-Ahead Adders to decrease the T-count, sum of all T and T Hermitian transpose gates in a quantum circuit.

This master’s thesis deals with an analysis of digital security with CRC. In the thesis there is described a principle of coding theory, especially then digital security with CRC, for which there is explained a mathematical principle of their encoding and decoding, software implementation and a description of frequently used generator polynomials. The main aim of the thesis is a testing of undetected errors and a finding of number of these errors. After that it is used for the computation of probability with which undetected errors can occur. The thesis is supplemented with several programs which are programmed in the software Matlab.

[pt] Mesmo com a evolução dos dispositivos de armazenamento e comunicação, mantém-se crescente a demanda por mecanismos de compressão de dados mais eficientes. Entre os compressores baseados na freqüência de símbolos, destacam - se os códigos livres de prefixo, que são executados por vários métodos compostos de diferentes algoritmos e também apresentam bom desempenho em uso isolado. Muitas pesquisas trouxeram maior eficiência aos códigos de prefixo, centradas, sobretudo, na redução do espaço de memória necessário e tempo gasto durante a descompressão. O presente trabalho abrange códigos de prefixos e respectivas técnicas de descompressão visando propor um novo codificador, o compressor LTL, que utiliza códigos com restrição de comprimento para reduzir o espaço de memória da tabela Look-up, eficiente método de decodificação. Devido ao uso de códigos restritos, é admitido um pequeno decréscimo nas taxas de compressão para possibilitar uma decodificação mais rápida. Os resultados obtidos indicam perda de compressão inferior a 11 por cento para um modelo baseado em caracteres, com velocidade média de decodificação cinco vezes maior que a de um decodificador canônico. Embora, para um modelo de palavras, o ganho médio de velocidade seja de 3,5, constata-se que, quando o número de símbolos é muito grande, o tamanho da tabela look-up impossibilita uma utilização eficiente da memória cache. Assim, o LTL é indicado para substituir quaisquer códigos de prefixo baseados em caracteres cuja aplicação requer agilidade no processo de descompressão. / [en] Even with the evolution of communication and storage devices, the use of complex data structures, like video and hypermedia documents, keeps increasing the demand for efficient data compression mechanisms. Prefix codes are one of the most known compressors, since they are executed by some compression methods that group different algorithms, besides presenting a good performance when used separately. A lot of approaches have been tried to improve the decoding speed of these codes. One major reason is that files are compressed and updated just a few times, whereas they have to be decompressed each time they are accessed. This work presents prefix codes and their decoding techniques in order to introduce a new coding scheme. In this scheme length-restricted codes are used to control the space requirements of the Look-up table, an efficient and fast prefix codes decoding method. Since restricted codewords are used, a small loss of compression efficiency is admitted. Empirical experiments indicate that this loss in the coded text is smaller than 11 percent if a character based model is used, and the observed average decoding speed is five times faster than the one for canonical codes. For a word based model, the average decoding speed is 3,5 times faster than a canonical decoder, but it decreases when a large number of symbols is used. Hence, this method is very suitable for applications where a character based model is used and extremely fast decoding is mandatory.

No description available.

Background: The acronym LASA (look-alike sound-alike) denotes the problem of confusing similar- looking and/or sounding drugs accidentally. The most common causes of medication error jeopardizing patient safety are LASA as well as high workload. Case presentation: A critical incident report of medication errors of opioids for postoperative analgesia by lookalike packaging highlights the LASA aspects in everyday scenarios. A change to a generic brand of medication saved costs of up to 16% per annum. Consequently, confusion of medication incidents occurred due to the similar appearance of the newly introduced generic opioid. Due to consecutive underdosing no life-threatening situation arose out of this LASA based medication error. Conclusion: Current recommendations for the prevention of LASA are quite extensive; still, in a system with a lump sum payment per case not all of these security measures may be feasible. This issue remains to be approached on an individual basis, taking into consideration local set ups as well as financial issues.

L’objet de notre recherche nous a amené à nous interroger sur la place du regard en tant qu’il est l’objet a, objet cause du désir. La pulsion scopique, liée à cet objet a, nous a orienté sur ce que Freud a nommé la sublimation. L’énoncé de Freud : « Rien n’est dans la pensée qui ne fut dans les sens. » a dessiné la trame de notre travail. De la naissance des sens à la relation entre les cinq sens et l’objet a, nous avons élaboré le concept de sublimation. A partir de ce concept de sublimation des liens sont apparus avec la perversion, l’autisme, la phobie, à travers le jeu des différents objets qui leur sont rattachés. Puis nous avons défini les processus de symbolisation mis en oeuvre pour inscrire les premières traces, représenter des images, et ce qu’il en est du processus créateur. Nous avons essayé à travers des oeuvres de Léonard de Vinci et d’Albrecht Dürer de montrer en quoi la sublimation participe à la construction du sujet désirant, et dans quelle mesure les éprouvés des cinq sens se déplaceraient les uns par rapport aux autres et seraient condensés dans le regard. / The object of our research led ourself to wonder about the place of the look as such it is the object a, object cause of wish. The look instinct connected with this object a, moved ourself towards the sublimation so called by Freud. The wording of Freud : “Nothing is in the mind which wasn’t in the senses” drawned the framework. From the senses’ birth to the relation between the five senses and the object a, we developped the concept of sublimation. From this concept of sublimation, links appeared with perversion, autism, phobia through the play of differents objects which are connected to them. Then we defined the symbolism process used to settle the first traces, visualize pictures and what is about the state of creator process. We tried, through works of Leonard de Vinci and Albrecht Dürer to show where the sublimation takes part in the wishing subject’s srtructure and how the five senses’ feelings would displace themselves one compared to another and would be condensed in the look.

Background: The acronym LASA (look-alike sound-alike) denotes the problem of confusing similar- looking and/or sounding drugs accidentally. The most common causes of medication error jeopardizing patient safety are LASA as well as high workload. Case presentation: A critical incident report of medication errors of opioids for postoperative analgesia by lookalike packaging highlights the LASA aspects in everyday scenarios. A change to a generic brand of medication saved costs of up to 16% per annum. Consequently, confusion of medication incidents occurred due to the similar appearance of the newly introduced generic opioid. Due to consecutive underdosing no life-threatening situation arose out of this LASA based medication error. Conclusion: Current recommendations for the prevention of LASA are quite extensive; still, in a system with a lump sum payment per case not all of these security measures may be feasible. This issue remains to be approached on an individual basis, taking into consideration local set ups as well as financial issues.

ITC/USA 2005 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2005 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / This paper presents the dynamic RF link estimation result for telemetry system of KSLV (Korea Space Launch Vehicle)-I. In particular, it utilizes the parameters of the instantaneous vehicle antenna gain pattern in three dimensions, the improvement by polarization diversity combiner at the ground receiver, and the free space propagation loss. The structural transformation and discontinuity of ground plane after the separation events of nose fairing, stage, and spacecraft, are also included in this analysis. As a consequence, the prediction of link variation has been performed in accordance with ARDP (Antenna Radiation Distribution Plot) and look angle trace of vehicle. In addition, the optimum position of onboard antennas has been investigated to provide better RF link margin in the nominal trajectory.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the function of colour in film through three films by British director Nicolas Roeg. To this end, this thesis has the following three correspondent aims: first to consider the theoretical relationship between colour and film within film studies as a discipline. Second, to propose a means of discussing film colour outside the dominant approach of restoration and degradation. Third to explore how Roeg’s implements colour within three of his films Performance, Don’t Look Now, and finally Bad Timing, and the ideological and aesthetic questions that emerge through a consideration of colour in these works. By looking at colour and Nicolas Roeg this thesis will not only present a critical response to the research question but it will also fill a small gap in the current dearth of work that exists on both colour and British cinema in the 1970s.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / This paper discusses the requirements and design of a multi-platform system software for control, status, calibration and testing of a telemetry system.