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The purpose of this study is to investigate the theoretical causes of the stylistic results of both compositions and spontaneous improvisations of jazz pianist and composer Thelonious Monk. The specific topics chosen for analysis include Klangfarben (sound colors), rhythmic displacement (the relocation or complete removal of expected rhythmic events), and economy of means (the judicious use of silence, simplicity, and economy). All of the above topics are addressed with regard to the composer's original works, his selected renditions of works by other composers, and his improvisations. The musical examples appear in transcription form, as some of them are unpublished. The topics are introduced in the first chapter, and individually addressed in subsequent chapters.

Os Trapistas no Brasil é o objeto do nosso trabalho. A primeira experiência trapista no Brasil ocorreu no início do século XX no Vale do Paraíba Paulista. Monges Trapistas franceses deram início ao Mosteiro Nossa Senhora de Maristela, na cidade de Tremembé, estado de São Paulo. Passou a ser também a primeira Trapa da América do Sul. Com esse mosteiro, houve o início da vida e da tradição monástica cisterciense no Brasil. No Vale do Paraíba, revolucionaram a agricultura com modernas técnicas agrícolas, principalmente na rizicultura, e prestaram também relevantes serviços no campo socioeclesial. Posteriormente, com o regresso destes para Europa, houve, em 1977, a fundação do Mosteiro Trapista Nossa Senhora do Mundo, no estado do Paraná. A relação entre o primeiro Mosteiro Trapista no Brasil, fundado no início do século XX, e o segundo Mosteiro, Nossa Senhora do Novo Mundo, iniciado em 1977, mostra que o passado e presente caminham nessa relação: a ponte entre história e memória. O passado e a sua relação com ele são elementos centrais da identidade da Ordem Cisterciense da Estrita Observância / The Trappists in Brazil is the aim o four assignment. The first Trappist experience in Brazil happened in the beginning of the XX century in the region of Paraíba Valley. French Trappist monks started the Monastery of Our Lady Maristela, in Tremembé city state of São Paulo. It also became the first Trapa of South America. With this monastery, we had the beginning of Cistercian monastic life and tradition in Brazil. In the region of Paraíba Valley, modern agricultural techniques were revolutionized, especially in rice growing; they also provided relevant relevant services in the church social field . Later, with the return of these to Europe in 1977, we had the foundation of the Trappist Monastery of Our Lady of the New World, in the state of Paraná. The relationship between the first Trappist Monastery in Brazil, founded in the early twentieth century, and the second Trappist Monastery of Our Lady of the New World, which started in 1977, shows that the past and present walk together, the bridge between history and memory. The past and its relationship with it are core elements to the identity of the Cistercian Order of Strict Observance

The surveillance and control of introduced species has become an increasingly important, yet often controversial, form of environmental management. I investigate why and how introduced species management is initiated; whether, why and how it is contested; and what relations and outcomes emerge ‘in practice’. I examine how introduced species management is being done in the United Kingdom through detailed social scientific analyses of the processes, practices, and disputes involved in a series of management case studies. First, I demonstrate how some established approaches to the design and delivery of management initiatives can render them conflict-prone, ineffective and potentially unjust. Then, examining a disputesurrounding a state-initiated eradication of monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus), I show why and how ‘parakeet protectors’ opposed the initiative. I identify the significance of divergent evaluations of the risks posed by introduced wildlife; personal and community attachments between people and parakeets; and campaigners’ dissatisfaction with central government’s approach to the issue. By following the story of an unauthorised (re)introduction of Eurasian beavers (Castor fiber) to England, I show how adiverse collective has, at least temporarily, been united and empowered by a shared understanding of beavers as ‘belonging’ in the UK. I consider how nonhuman citizenship is socio-politically negotiated, and how the beavers have become enrolled in a ‘wild experiment’. Finally, through a multi- sited study of grey squirrel (Sciuruscarolinensis) control initiatives, I find important variations in management practitioners’ approaches to killing squirrels, and identify several ‘modes of killing’ that comprise different primary motivations, moral principles, ultimate aims, and practical methods. I identify multiple ways in which people respond and relate to introduced wildlife, and demonstrate how this multiplicity produces both socio-political tensions and accords. Furthermore, throughout this thesis I make a series of propositions for re-configuring the management of introduced species in ways that explicitly incorporate inclusive, constructive, and context-appropriate socio-political deliberations into its design and implementation.

Through common descent, closely-related taxa share many life history traits, some of which can influence extinction-proneness. Thus, examining historical and contemporary genetic patterns is valuable in accounting for evolutionary and ecological processes that may be critical to the successful conservation of threatened species. Unsustainable harvesting of monk seals (tribe Monachini) until the late nineteenth century caused the recent extinction of Caribbean monk seals (Neomonachus tropicalis) and critically low population sizes for Hawaiian and Mediterranean monk seals (Neomonachus schauinslandi and Monachus monachus, respectively). Having lost one branch of its evolutionary lineage, and with a second branch threatened by extinction, the genus Neomonachus can serve as a valuable case for examining evolutionary and ecological linkages that are sensitive to non-random anthropogenic selection pressure. An important foundation for such pursuits is the understanding of evolutionary sequences of speciation and diversification that gave rise to common traits shared by extinct and vulnerable species. Further consideration of the phylogenetic non-randomness of species vulnerability requires examination of genetic variation at the population level to infer the presence of fundamental processes (e.g., migration and reproduction) that directly influence population viability. This dissertation includes three individual studies that make use of molecular systematic and population genetic techniques to address these topics. First, a complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the extinct Caribbean monk seal (N. tropicalis) was assembled and used to resolve long-standing phylogenetic questions regarding the sequence of divergence among monk seal species and sister taxa. Second, novel microsatellite marker assays were developed and used to characterize the extent of population-level variation across 24 polymorphic microsatellite loci of 1192 endangered Hawaiian monk seals (N. schauinslandi) that were sampled during a longitudinal study spanning three decades. Third, resulting genotypes from a subset of individuals (N= 785) were integrated with previously reported genotypes consisting of 18 other loci for the largest ever population-level assessment of N. schauinslandi genetic diversity and population differentiation throughout the Hawaiian archipelago. The new microsatellite data will be of particular value for future individual-level assessment of parentage and relatedness in N. schauinslandi, which will help managers better infer the reproductive mechanisms that factor into population persistence and recovery. Results of this study expand understanding of the evolutionary and conservation genetic status of monk seals, as well as molecular genetic capacity, for future research regarding a unique and highly imperiled New World pinniped lineage.

<p>Infusing models for animal movement with more behavioral realism has been a goal of movement ecologists for several years. As ecologists have begun to collect more and more data on animal distribution and abundance, a clear need has arisen for more sophisticated analysis. Such analysis could include more realistic movement behavior, more information on the organism-environment interaction, and more ways to separate observation error from process error. Because landscape ecologists and behavioral ecologists typically study these same themes at very different scales, it has been proposed that their union could be productive for all (Lima and Zollner, 1996). </p><p>By understanding how animals interact with their land- and seascapes, we can better understand how species partition up resources are large spatial scales. Accordingly I begin this dissertation with a large spatial scale analysis of distribution data for marine mammals from Nova Scotia through the Gulf of Mexico. I analyzed these data in three separate regions, and in the two data-rich regions, find compelling separation between the different communities. In the northernmost region, this separation is broadly along diet based partitions. This research provides a baseline for future study of marine mammal systems, and more importantly highlights several gaps in current data collections.</p><p>In the last 6 years several movement ecologists have begun to imbue sophisticated statistical analyses with increasing amounts of movement behavior. This has changed the way movement ecologists think about movement data and movement processes. In this dissertation I focus my research on continuing this trend. I reviewed the state of movement modeling and then proposed a new Bayesian movement model that builds on three questions of: behavior; organism-environment interaction; and process-based inference with noisy data.</p><p>Application of this model to two different datasets, migrating right whales in the NW Atlantic, and foraging monk seals in the Northwest Hawaiian Islands, provides for the first time estimates of how moving animals make choices about the suitability of patches within their perceptual range. By estimating parameters governing this suitability I provide right whale managers a clear depiction of the gaps in their protection in this vulnerable and understudied migratory corridor. For monk seals I provide a behaviorally based view into how animals in different colonies and age and sex groups move throughout their range. This information is crucial for managers who translocate individuals to new habitat as it provides them a quantitative glimpse of how members of certain groups perceive their landscape.</p><p>This model provides critical information about the behaviorally based movement choices animals make. Results can be used to understand the ecology of these patterns, and can be used to help inform conservation actions. Finally this modeling framework provides a way to unite fields of movement ecology and graph theory.</p> / Dissertation

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.Mus.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1987.

Thesis (M. A.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: Dr. Maxine L. Montgomery, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of English. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 19, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 90 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

This thesis intervenes in current critical debates about space, place and landscape in late-twentieth and twenty-first century British and Irish poetry, by examining models of excavation in selected work by Geoffrey Hill, Ciaran Carson, Geraldine Monk and Alice Oswald. It argues that the influence of the spatial turn on literary criticism over the last thirty years has led to the deployment of a limited set of spatial tropes as analytical tools for interpreting the spaces and places of poetry. By deploying excavation as a critical method it seeks to challenge existing approaches that tend to privilege ideas of space over time, and socio-spatial practices over literary traditions of writing place. In doing so it develops a new model for reading contemporary poetries of place that asserts the importance of locating spatial criticism within temporal and literary-historical frameworks. The four poets examined in the thesis exhibit a common concern with unearthing the strata of language as well as material space. Starting from a premise that excavation always works over the ground of language as well as landscape it investigates the literary traditions of landscape writing in which each of these poets might be said to be embedded. After surveying the critical field the thesis sets out four principles of excavation that it argues are transformed and renewed by each of these poets: the relationship between past and present; recovery and interpretation of finds; processes of unearthing; exhumation of the dead. The subsequent chapters contend that these conventions are put into question by Geoffrey Hill’s sedimentary poetics, Ciaran Carson’s parodic stratigraphy, Geraldine Monk’s collaborations with the dead, and Alice Oswald’s geomorphology of a self-excavating earth. The critical method that underpins the discussion in each of the chapters is also excavatory in that it unearths both the historical and literary strata of specific sites (the Midlands, Belfast, East Lancashire, Dartmoor and the Severn estuary) and resonances in the work of earlier poetic excavators (Paul Celan, Edward Thomas, Gerard Manley Hopkins, William Wordsworth, Dante Alighieri and Homer). Through careful exegesis of these poets and their precursors this thesis demonstrates that by transforming existing forms of excavation, contemporary poetry is able to renew its deep dialogue with place and literary history.

Os Trapistas no Brasil é o objeto do nosso trabalho. A primeira experiência trapista no Brasil ocorreu no início do século XX no Vale do Paraíba Paulista. Monges Trapistas franceses deram início ao Mosteiro Nossa Senhora de Maristela, na cidade de Tremembé, estado de São Paulo. Passou a ser também a primeira Trapa da América do Sul. Com esse mosteiro, houve o início da vida e da tradição monástica cisterciense no Brasil. No Vale do Paraíba, revolucionaram a agricultura com modernas técnicas agrícolas, principalmente na rizicultura, e prestaram também relevantes serviços no campo socioeclesial. Posteriormente, com o regresso destes para Europa, houve, em 1977, a fundação do Mosteiro Trapista Nossa Senhora do Mundo, no estado do Paraná. A relação entre o primeiro Mosteiro Trapista no Brasil, fundado no início do século XX, e o segundo Mosteiro, Nossa Senhora do Novo Mundo, iniciado em 1977, mostra que o passado e presente caminham nessa relação: a ponte entre história e memória. O passado e a sua relação com ele são elementos centrais da identidade da Ordem Cisterciense da Estrita Observância / The Trappists in Brazil is the aim o four assignment. The first Trappist experience in Brazil happened in the beginning of the XX century in the region of Paraíba Valley. French Trappist monks started the Monastery of Our Lady Maristela, in Tremembé city state of São Paulo. It also became the first Trapa of South America. With this monastery, we had the beginning of Cistercian monastic life and tradition in Brazil. In the region of Paraíba Valley, modern agricultural techniques were revolutionized, especially in rice growing; they also provided relevant relevant services in the church social field . Later, with the return of these to Europe in 1977, we had the foundation of the Trappist Monastery of Our Lady of the New World, in the state of Paraná. The relationship between the first Trappist Monastery in Brazil, founded in the early twentieth century, and the second Trappist Monastery of Our Lady of the New World, which started in 1977, shows that the past and present walk together, the bridge between history and memory. The past and its relationship with it are core elements to the identity of the Cistercian Order of Strict Observance