Thesis (M.S.)--U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, 1971. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-144).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 536-544).

Thesis (M.S.)--Universituy of Wisconsin--Madison, 1981. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-53).

Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Oregon University, 2006. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 40-46). Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search Bioregion Collection.

<p> This researcher considers that confusion observed amongst church leadership teams within Churches of Christ in Western Australia (COCWA) may be explained, in part, as a reflection of an Australian cultural phenomenon: &ldquo;The Australian Authority Paradox&rdquo; as described by social researchers, Aigner and Skelton. The effects of this paradox appear to limit the effectiveness of leadership exercised in the Australian context. </p><p> The researcher conducted a study of church leaders, sourced within two clusters of COCWA Churches between February and August 2017. The researcher found attitude indicators consistent with the proposition of an authority paradox. </p><p> A key outcome of the project, is the presentation of a theoretical model (TALC). The model offers a way of understanding how the dynamic relationship between trust and authority may have an influence on the way that leadership functions in the Australian cultural context. </p><p> Whilst it is hoped that the findings of this study may have immediate and important applications for COCWA, this researcher believes that this project provides some important insights that have the potential to be quite useful in other organizational contexts in Australia.</p><p>

No description available.

The Marlborough Fault System is a zone of dextral transpression in continental crust at the southern end of the Hikurangi subduction system between the obliquely convergent Australian and Pacific plates. Detailed mapping of an area of deformed Tertiary cover sequence on the down thrown side of the Kekerengu Fault (the Kekerengu- Washdyke study area) has revealed two phases of deformation, D_e and D_l. In the study area De consists of nine kilometre scale thrust faults cutting sediments derived from extra- and intra-basinal uplift. The timing of this episode is constrained by the age of the first clastic deposits and by a previously unidentified unconformity in this area of Late Miocene age. A clear sequence of D_l events is recognized deforming all earlier structures including Pliocene aged sediments. Although elsewhere in Marlborough a regional post-Pliocene <i>ca.</i> 20° clockwise block rotation has been previously identified, in the Kekerengu-Washdyke study area one site suggested no post-Pliocene rotation and another a large <i>ca.</i> 100° clockwise rotation. This lack of D_l rotation was unexplained and the large rotation attributed to localized Early Miocene deformation. Palaeomagnetic work carried out in this study has identified six more sites which contain this large rotation (average <i>ca.</i> 118+11°). The rotation therefore appears to be a regional event, likely to be a result of the location of Marlborough in the hinge zone at the southern end of the Hikurangi Margin. One site from dykes in basement rocks does not record this large rotation, indicating that the rotation occurred in upper layers detached from unrotating rock below by an unknown structure (such as a thrust fault), or that the rotation did not occur in this area. The large rotation is believed to have been achieved by pinning of the D_e thrusts to the south of the Marlborough region. The data suggests that the D_e thrusts in Marlborough were initially NW-trending and seaward, not landward-directed as was previously supposed. Palaeomagnetic work has also added to the evidence for a lack of D_l regional rotation on the downthrown side of the Kekerengu Fault. A previously unidentified second phase of D_l folding and 'bending' within the study area appears to have accommodated the regional rotation and suggests that the Kekerengu Fault acted as the eastern boundary of the D_l rotating block.

The Ebenaceae is a family of woody, mostly tropical plants consisting of about 500 species, some of which produce the ebony of commerce, and a few others produce the edible fruits known as persimmons. About 300 species occur in the Indo-Pacific area, with the greatest concentration, of 150 - 200 species, within the tropical rain forest region known as Malesia, which includes the political units Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines. This study is based primarily on herbarium material of Malesian species but whenever it has been necessary to ignore the Malesian boundary in the interests of acquiring a better understanding of the plants, I have done so. Hence all species in the Inde-Pacific area have been examined, at least casually, but some ia considerable detail. A few critical examples from Africa have also been included. The last comprehensive monograph on the family was written almost a century ago, by Hiern (1873), when only 262 species were recognised. Hiern's monograph is now completely out of date at species, sectional and generic levels. For Malesia, the standard regional monograph was completed by Bakhuisen in 1941. This work too, is out of date because much more new material has been collected, especially from areas formerly difficult to reach and consequently under-explored. The present study is divided into four parts. The first part consists of a series of investigations into form and structure within the family, covering carpel and seed morphology, seedling behaviour, pollen morphology, wood anatomy, various features of the epidermis especially trichomes and stomata, and karyotype. It was found that tho Ebenaceous gynoecium is composed of 2-8 bi-ovulate carpels "fused" to form a multilocular ovary. However, false septa are developed in all except 11 species. These false septa have usually not been recognised for what they are, and for this reason, descriptions of carpol morphology and the use of carpel characters in previous taxonomic treatments of the family have betrayed a considerable amount of confusion which the present research has cleared up. Pollen morphology and woody anatomy is remarkably constant throughout the family. Chromosome number is very stable. A single euploid series 2n m 30, 60, 90 applies right through the family. Epidermal structures are, on the other hand, more variable than might have been expected, e.g. there are simple, branched, tufted, glandular and peltate trichomes; stomata may bo anomocytic or have subsidary cells of various forms. Seedling behaviour during germination is variable, some species being neither hypogeal nor epigeal and have to be described by considering the behaviour of the hypecotyl and tho cotylodens separately. The second part is an investigation into the limits of the family. This consists of a series of critical comparisons between Kbenaseae and the families Sapetaceae, Sarcospermataceae, Styracaceae, Symplocaseae and Liasoearpaceae. A large number of characters were examined, in the process of which several important points emerged. Carpel structure has been consistantly misinterpreted especially in the system of Engler (1964). Contrary to the claim that the Sapotaceous ovary is completely partitioned into lecules, by which it differs from the partially "open" condition in Kbenaseae, Styracaceae and Symplocaseae it was found that the lecules in every Sapetaceous ovary examined, are in connection with each other by means of a compitum of varying size. In fact, all the six families involved in this survey are eu-syncarpous (Carr &amp; Carr 1961). Trichome characters are unreliable as markers for the various families. Popular association of branched hairs with Sapetaceae and simple hairs with Ebenaceae and Symplocaceae turn out to be oversimplifications of the truth. In previously published definitions of these six families, the boundaries between them appear to be funny. It was found that much fussiness merely reflects bad choice of characters and misunderstanding of certain structures and of their extent of variation. The families are in fact either very sharply defined from each other or not clearly definable at all. Sarcospermataceae ia a bad family, quite indistinct from Sapetaceae. All the other families are sharply defined from each other by several to many characters, and there are no problems of intermediate taxa. Lissocarpaceae, sometimes thought to be intermediate between Ebenaceae and Styracaceae, is a distinct family but probably tho meet closely related to Ebenaceae of all the families considered. Sapetaceae usually thought of as the closest family to Ebenaceae is in fact most different. The naturalness of the Order Ebenales is put in doubt. In the third part, Bakhuisen's classification of Malesian Ebenaceae (actually Dioapyres since this is the only genus in Malesia), ie put to the test using a taximetrlc procedure of character analysis. The results support the maintainance of Hierniodendron and Brachycylix as infra-generic taxa worthy of recognition. Support for the other sub-genera and sections was feeble to nil. The genus Dioapyres is probably best considered to consist of one very large variable section (Sect. Dioapyres) and a small number of little ones. Problems of species delimitation do not loom very large in this study, but in the fourth part, three species-complexes were analysed for morphological variation over their entire range. In one of these analyses, involving Dioapyres sylvatica, D. ehreticides, D.hermaphredies and D.fasciculesa, an interesting pattern of allopatry emerged, which suggested that some of these taxa could be regarded as geographical subspecies. The other two analyses were carried out on D.kaki, D.lotus and their relatives. These species produce edible persimmons. Problems of their origin and spread are consequently of wider than taxonoaic interest, but the taxonomic approach adopted here serves to sharply outline various hypothoses that ethers may be able to test by cytotaxonomic and other means. It is suggested that D.kaki originated from D.roxburghii, which is now found wild in the forests of Assan, Burma, Thailand, Yunnan and Indo China. The controversial problem of the role of man in the distribution of D.lotus is reviewed and summarised.

In the past, conifers have been the primary focus of population and conservation genetic studies in Pacific Northwest (PNW) trees. These studies have provided tremendous insight as to how genetic diversity varies across species ranges for these wind-pollinated and mostly wind-dispersed species. With this study of Pacific dogwood (Cornus nuttallii), a broadleaved, PNW species, which utilizes biological vectors for pollen and seed dispersal, we hope to broaden our understanding of tree evolutionary dynamics. Marker development for C. nuttallii found few useful polymorphisms. Of eight microsatellite markers (SSRs) developed from a closely related species, three were monomorphic, while the other five averaged only 4.4 alleles/locus. Furthermore, only a single base pair substitution was found in the rpl16 region of the chloroplast genome after sequencing 2,262 non-coding base pairs in 100 individuals. This lack of diversity, which was found to be ubiquitous throughout the range of C. nuttallii, suggests this species may have endured a prolonged bottleneck in a single glacial refugium prior to recolonization. The cpDNA phylogeographic pattern and a significant decline in both SSR allelic richness (r² = 0.42, p<0.01), and expected heterozygosity (r² = 0.51, p<0.01) support this theory. Low levels of population structure, documented in both chloroplast (D = 0.153) and nuclear genomes (FST = 0.071, RST = 0.036) may suggest high levels of contemporary gene flow between populations are also influencing current patterns of diversity. Despite variation being the precursor for adaptation, a comparison of QST (0.088 for first-year height and 0.113 for bud burst timing) with a refined FST estimate (0.053), indicated that C. nuttallii had either retained or recovered significant phenotypic variation for differential selection to act. Such uniformly low diversity raises the issue of how genetic conservation efforts should proceed with this and other species sharing a similar degree of genetic depauperateness. So that signs of decline may be detected, we suggest population monitoring, especially for those populations occurring at high elevations. Furthermore, we advocate the transfer of seeds from the nearest southern source, in the event that restorative efforts are required to assist this species to cope with the rapidly changing climate. / Forestry, Faculty of / Graduate

For a number of years daily observations of surface temperature and salinity have been taken at ooeanographic stations (mostly lighthouses) on the B. C. coast. The present thesis is the first attempt that has been made to systematically analyse this data. The annual variation in temperature was seen to follow the general climatological trend of the B. C. coast at each of the stations, although a wide range in the amplitudes of these periodic variations was noted. The factors influencing the amplitude of the annual temperature curves were considered and such effects as incoming radiation, the extent of turbulence, the degree of shelter and the phenomena of upwelling due to horizontal wind stress (West Coast of Vancouver Island) have been discussed for each of the stations. Correlations were made between available meteorological information and the sea temperature observations and an attempt has been made to determine temperature contours of the B. C. coastal waters during the summer when the surface temperature is least uniform. The salinity observations were treated in an analogous manner to temperature and found to exhibit characteristic periodic annual variations. The stations were classified by means of these variations and the influences of precipitation and fresh water runoff, evaporation and mixing were discussed and correlations with meteorological observations were again made. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate