This paper explores an emerging genre of the female hero archetype that is rooted in Joseph Campbell’s traditional definition and exemplified by Buffy Summers of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Kara “Starbuck” Thrace of Battlestar Galactica. As representations of the female hero within this genre, they reimagine pre-existing stereotypes, such as the female victim and the male hotshot pilot, and then pursue a hero’s journey of death and resurrection that is unique because of their gender. This new trend is the result of third-wave feminism and necessary for the further development of feminist literary works, particularly within the realm of Sci-Fi/Fantasy.

Esta dissertação de Mestrado se ocupa da compreensão simbólica da trajetória do técnico do voleibol, relacionada com a figura mítica de Quíron e seus atletas, avaliando a importância do técnico como elemento fundamental para a construção do atleta. Este último, por suas muitas similaridades com o mito do herói, passa a ser entendido como uma figura ímpar, com o quê podemos entender suas façanhas. Sincronicamente, o atleta, por representar uma condição heroica, reclama pela presença fundamental de um mestre em sua formação. O mestre se atualiza na figura do treinador, aproximando-se e amplificando esta visão com o mito de Quíron. Destas associações decorrem elementos básicos para a melhor compreensão do desenvolvimento e estruturação de personalidade do atleta, embasando o aprimoramento do seu rendimento. Do encontro simbólico do técnico-mestre com seu atleta-herói, estuda-se o fenômeno da liderança, ampliado com mitologemas em que personagens líderes se fazem presentes. A par da amplificação mítica, a dissertação buscou elementos, para melhor compreensão da presente temática, em dados biográficos decorrentes de entrevistas com três técnicos do voleibol brasileiro, medalhistas olímpicos como jogadores ou técnicos: Bebeto de Freitas, Bernardinho e Giovane. No mito do herói são descritos sua origem, sua natureza, características de personalidade, condições de nascimento e morte, seus trabalhos e ritos iniciáticos, além de sua importância civilizatória. No mito de Quíron, descrito de forma detalhada, retoma-se a temática de sua origem, seu nascimento, sua criação e recebimento dos ensinos das artes, circunstâncias e consequências de seu ferimento, bem como sua nobreza de caráter. A dissertação tece considerações gerais sobre o quanto sua realização mobilizou emocionalmente o autor, a par de fazer comentários sobre os ensinamentos encontrados nas falas dos três técnicos. Ela explicita, fundamentalmente, a correlação simbólica entre a figura do técnico de voleibol, exercendo-se pela função polar do mentor, com a figura do atleta deste esporte, na função polar complementar do aprendiz / This master degree dissertation occupies of a symbolic comprehension of the volleyballs coach pathway related with the mythic figure of Quiron and its athletes, evaluating the coachs importance as a fundamental element for the athletes construction. The athlete, as it has a lot of similarities with the heros myth is understood as a unique figure, as we can understand its achievements. Synchronously, the athlete, as a representative of a heroic condition, asks for the masters presence in its formation. The master actualizes in the coachs figure approximating and increasing this view with the Quirons myth. Result of these associations derives basic elements for a better comprehension of the development and structuring of the athletes personality basing the refinement of its performance. The symbolic meeting between master-coach and hero-athlete, the leadership phenomenon is studied, amplified with the mythologems where leaders characters are presented. The dissertation searched elements, for a better comprehension of the set of themes presented, in the biographical information of the three coaches, olympic medalists, as an athlete or as a coach, of the Brazilian volleyball: Bebeto de Freitas, Bernardinho and Giovane. The heros myth is described in: its origin, its nature, personality traits, birth and death conditions, its works and beginning ceremonies, its civilization importance. In the Quirons myth, detailed described, retakes the origin of its themes, birth, as it was created and how received its instructions about arts, the circumstances they were wounded and the consequences of its wound, as the nobility of its character. The paper shows general considerations on how its realization emotionally mobilized its author, along with comments and observations on teachings found in the speeches of the three coaches. The paper explains, fundamentally, the symbolic correlation between the volleyballs coach, playing by the mentors polar function, with the figure of the volleyballs athlete, playing by the complement polar function of apprentice

Quem acompanha o noticiário de negócios já se acostumou com as manchetes sobre os executivos e suas incríveis realizações profissionais. Eles tiram empresas da falência, salvam empregos, investem milhões, são recebidos por presidentes e ministros. Sua ascensão ao longo do século XX acompanhou a evolução da administração de empresas como ciência pesquisada por nomes como Jules Henri Fayol, Henry Ford, Frederick Taylor e Peter Drucker. Todos tentaram explicar a forma como o executivo trabalhava e, como consequência, como as organizações poderiam obter mais sucesso. Ao mesmo tempo em que subiam na hierarquia social - Drucker chegou a chamá-los de \"indispensáveis\" ao sucesso econômico -, um novo campo de estudos se desenvolveu para entender como suas carreiras aconteciam, progrediam, seja dentro ou fora das empresas. Os estudos de carreira se intensificaram a partir dos anos 1970, coincidindo com as mudanças econômicas, sociais e tecnológicas que agitaram o mundo e exigiram uma nova postura dos profissionais frente a sua carreira. No coração das empresas, as relações de emprego passaram de estáveis para instáveis, de duradouras para efêmeras. Nesse contexto de ascensão dos executivos, um cargo em especial passou a representar as aspirações de toda uma categoria: a presidência da empresa. Chegar ao topo da hierarquia organizacional significava obter os símbolos de status e poder de alguém com capacidade para decidir o destino de pessoas e empresas. Em outras palavras, alcançava o imaginário coletivo de herói corporativo, aquele que venceu todos os obstáculos rumo ao sucesso. O objetivo central deste trabalho é o de verificar se os presidentes de empresa, ao falarem de sua trajetória profissional, também se colocam na posição de herói, representando o papel que a sociedade espera deles. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo por meio da análise de conteúdo em doze entrevistas dirigidas, concedidas por presidentes de empresa para um programa de televisão, no qual responderam a perguntas abertas sobre sua história pessoal e profissional. Constatou-se que o relato público do presidente sobre a sua trajetória possui elementos que estão presentes no conceito de monomito do herói descrito por Joseph Campbell. Foi possível encontrar na narrativa dos presidentes características compatíveis com todas as 17 etapas da jornada do herói - desde o chamado à aventura até o retorno após as conquistas. Tais etapas - que ilustram o conceito de monomito - foram usadas como categorias de análise, assim como \"mundo comum\", que examina o período anterior ao início da jornada do herói. Foram analisados, ainda, os discursos dos presidentes sobre carreira e liderança, de maneira generalizada e em relação a suas próprias experiências. Esses resultados sugerem que o presidente de empresa, quando fala publicamente sobre sua trajetória, incorpora o papel de herói corporativo. / Those who follow the business news have got used to headlines about executives and their incredible professional accomplishments. They take companies from bankruptcy, save jobs, invest millions, and are received by presidents and ministers. Their ascension to the twentieth century followed the evolution of business administration as a science searched by names such as Jules Henri Fayol, Henry Ford, Frederick Taylor e Peter Drucker. Everyone tried to explain how the executive used to work and as a consequence, such organizations could be more successful. While they climbed the social hierarchy - Drucker called them \"essential\" to economic success - a new field of study developed to understand how their careers developed, whether inside or outside companies. Career studies have intensified since the 1970s, coinciding with the economic, social and technological changes that shook the world and demanded a new attitude of the professionals in their careers. At the heart of business, employment relations went from stable to unstable, from everlasting to ephemeral. In this executive rising context, an office in particular has come to represent the aspirations of an entire category: the presidency of the company. Reaching the top of the organizational hierarchy meant getting the symbols of status and power of someone with the ability to decide the destiny of individuals and companies. In other words, it reached the collective imagination of the corporate hero, who overcame all obstacles to succeed. The main objective of this paper is to verify that CEOs, when talking of their careers, also pose as the hero figure, playing the role that society expects of them. A qualitative study was carried out using content analysis of twelve directed interviews granted by corporate CEOs for a television program, in which they responded to open-ended questions about their personal and professional history. It was found that the CEO\'s public reporting on their path has elements that are present in the concept of the hero monomyth described by Joseph Campbell. It was possible to find in the narrative of these CEOs features that are compatible with all 17 steps of a hero\'s journey - from the call to adventure to the return after the conquests. These steps - which illustrate the concept of the monomyth - were used as categories of analysis, along with the \"ordinary world\", which examines the period before the start of the hero\'s journey. We also analyzed the CEOs\' speeches on career and leadership, both generally and with regards to their own experiences. These results suggest that CEOs, when speaking publicly about their careers, personify the role of the corporate hero.

My research is a literary study which primarily examines previously unstudied best-selling action-thriller fiction primary material from the US, Britain and Russia (published in the decade following the 11 September 2001 attacks) in the contexts of hegemonic masculinity and Self and Other stereotyping. I analyse thirteen works by the following popular fiction authors: Vince Flynn, Daniel Silva, Nelson DeMille, Frederick Forsyth and Danil Koretskiy. Drawing on masculinity studies and archetypal psychology, I formulate the model of the archetypal hero – a character type which the above authors‘ works capitalise on. I trace the employment of this model in these primary works within the framework of constructing a positive and heroic image of the Self, of which the action-thriller hero is the chief representative. The archetypal hero‘s principal traits include courage, honour, individualism and just violence among others. Heroes such as Mitch Rapp, Gabriel Allon, John Corey, Mike Martin, Max Kardanov and Alexei Mal‘tsev embody this archetypal model and confirm it as positive and dominant in their respective narratives. The authors also utilise a variety of framing strategies to enhance their heroes‘ authoritativeness and characterisation. Among these strategies, the use of historical facts and figures to anchor the narrative, enemy acknowledgement of the hero‘s qualities and female characters‘ fulfilment of traditional gender roles are the most prominent. First-person narration also plays a role in enhancing authenticity, such as in DeMille‘s novels. While the heroes and the side they represent are characterised as inherently positive and superior, their terrorist antagonists fulfil the role of the essentialised and diametrically opposite Other. I demonstrate through further analysis how these characters are positioned as archetypal terrorists, embodying traits which are antithetical to the hero‘s: backwardness; hatred of modernity and ‗civilisation‘; religion (Islam) as their source of hatred; desire for arbitrary revenge and unjustified violence; hypocrisy and disloyalty. Having analysed the main archetypal heroes and villains in the primary action-thriller works, I proceed to examine two mainstream literary authors: American John Updike and Algerian Francophone Yasmina Khadra. I study those of their novels which foreground terrorist characters instead of archetypal heroes, thus analysing one novel by Updike (Terrorist) and two by Khadra (Les Sirènes de Bagdad and L’Attentat). I find that, despite an increased focus on the character of the budding teenage suicide bomber from New Jersey, Updike‘s characterisation follows a pattern similar to the archetypal terrorist in the action-thriller sources. On the other hand, Khadra achieves a more balanced and complex portrayal, presenting his terrorists as human beings motivated by their various personal, social and political grievances rather than blind religious hatred. In sum, only Khadra‘s narratives transcend stereotypical views of terrorism, while the other post-9/11 primary works (including Updike) focus on perpetuating binary oppositions of the Self and Other, masculinity and emasculation. My original contribution to knowledge is the identification, definition and comparative textual analysis of archetypal hero and terrorist characters in post-9/11 action-thriller and mainstream fiction in three languages (English, Russian and French) within a framework combining several elements: aspects of the system of representation of the terrorist Other, masculinity studies and archetypal psychology as well as the context of political and media post-9/11 views of Arabs and/or Muslims in the US, Britain and Russia.

Esta dissertação de Mestrado se ocupa da compreensão simbólica da trajetória do técnico do voleibol, relacionada com a figura mítica de Quíron e seus atletas, avaliando a importância do técnico como elemento fundamental para a construção do atleta. Este último, por suas muitas similaridades com o mito do herói, passa a ser entendido como uma figura ímpar, com o quê podemos entender suas façanhas. Sincronicamente, o atleta, por representar uma condição heroica, reclama pela presença fundamental de um mestre em sua formação. O mestre se atualiza na figura do treinador, aproximando-se e amplificando esta visão com o mito de Quíron. Destas associações decorrem elementos básicos para a melhor compreensão do desenvolvimento e estruturação de personalidade do atleta, embasando o aprimoramento do seu rendimento. Do encontro simbólico do técnico-mestre com seu atleta-herói, estuda-se o fenômeno da liderança, ampliado com mitologemas em que personagens líderes se fazem presentes. A par da amplificação mítica, a dissertação buscou elementos, para melhor compreensão da presente temática, em dados biográficos decorrentes de entrevistas com três técnicos do voleibol brasileiro, medalhistas olímpicos como jogadores ou técnicos: Bebeto de Freitas, Bernardinho e Giovane. No mito do herói são descritos sua origem, sua natureza, características de personalidade, condições de nascimento e morte, seus trabalhos e ritos iniciáticos, além de sua importância civilizatória. No mito de Quíron, descrito de forma detalhada, retoma-se a temática de sua origem, seu nascimento, sua criação e recebimento dos ensinos das artes, circunstâncias e consequências de seu ferimento, bem como sua nobreza de caráter. A dissertação tece considerações gerais sobre o quanto sua realização mobilizou emocionalmente o autor, a par de fazer comentários sobre os ensinamentos encontrados nas falas dos três técnicos. Ela explicita, fundamentalmente, a correlação simbólica entre a figura do técnico de voleibol, exercendo-se pela função polar do mentor, com a figura do atleta deste esporte, na função polar complementar do aprendiz / This master degree dissertation occupies of a symbolic comprehension of the volleyballs coach pathway related with the mythic figure of Quiron and its athletes, evaluating the coachs importance as a fundamental element for the athletes construction. The athlete, as it has a lot of similarities with the heros myth is understood as a unique figure, as we can understand its achievements. Synchronously, the athlete, as a representative of a heroic condition, asks for the masters presence in its formation. The master actualizes in the coachs figure approximating and increasing this view with the Quirons myth. Result of these associations derives basic elements for a better comprehension of the development and structuring of the athletes personality basing the refinement of its performance. The symbolic meeting between master-coach and hero-athlete, the leadership phenomenon is studied, amplified with the mythologems where leaders characters are presented. The dissertation searched elements, for a better comprehension of the set of themes presented, in the biographical information of the three coaches, olympic medalists, as an athlete or as a coach, of the Brazilian volleyball: Bebeto de Freitas, Bernardinho and Giovane. The heros myth is described in: its origin, its nature, personality traits, birth and death conditions, its works and beginning ceremonies, its civilization importance. In the Quirons myth, detailed described, retakes the origin of its themes, birth, as it was created and how received its instructions about arts, the circumstances they were wounded and the consequences of its wound, as the nobility of its character. The paper shows general considerations on how its realization emotionally mobilized its author, along with comments and observations on teachings found in the speeches of the three coaches. The paper explains, fundamentally, the symbolic correlation between the volleyballs coach, playing by the mentors polar function, with the figure of the volleyballs athlete, playing by the complement polar function of apprentice

Abstract The family can be viewed as a reflector of culture, which becomes increasingly rich and varied as time goes by. It is like a person who undergoes all the vicissitudes of human beings' experiences, so it is not only a valuable specimen for us to have a better understanding of the course of human history but also an important basis for us to know ourselves. For this reason, the family novels have always been a extremely flexible and rich narrative genre, which represent complex social performance and the culture world in both eastern and western literature. This thesis is focused on Mo Yan's four novels related to the family. They were "Red Sorghum Family", " herbivorous Family", " Big Breasts & Wide Hips", and " Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out". For one thing, we deconstructed the survival ethics masked in these novels, analyzed the heroic image described in these novels, and discussed the issue of "degradation of species ". In what follows, we explored the underlying love ethic in these novels from the two perspectives: the suspension of moral and the reversion of tradition. Previous studies have demonstrated that in Mo Yan's family novels, making the flesh public is used as a method of unfolding primitive vitality. Third, we delved into the connotation after the pleasure of making love (body of pleasure) through an analysis of Mo Yan's praising body and preference over the land and lower body. Mo Yan's family novels are also filled with the plots about hunger and violence. Finally, we attempted to investigate the narrative skills and moral of Mo Yan's family novels. With the fact that Mo Yan elaborated the plots, his works about the family are one of the most brilliant novels. These novels describe the lifeblood of both paternal and maternal family system; they also revealed the implications about Mo Yan's viewpoints on the relationship between nation and country in the society intertwined with war, hunger, and violence.

The Semi-gods and the Semi-devils is one of Jin Yong¡¦s most popular Martial-arts novels. Strange adventures of the main characters: Hsiao feng, Tuan yu, Hsu-chu are analogous to those of mythic heroes. This paper uses the archetypal approach to illustrate the main characters, the heroes¡¦journeys, for archetypes are universal patterns from which myths derive. My intention is that the theory of archetypes would enable us to see the literary work differently and give fresh insights to the novel in which important elements and meanings might otherwise go unnoticed.

<p>In this essay I look at J.M Coetzee’s Disgrace from a rather different perspective. I argue that, despite his less than heroic attributes, David Lurie is the protagonist of an adventure and follows Joseph Campbell’s pattern of the hero’s ditto. Furthermore, the goal of David Lurie’s journey lies in self-realization and self-reinvention, which is not typical for the hero’s journey. The Ultimate Boon is usually something else but different times call for different heroes. In J.M. Coetzee and the Ethics of Reading, Derek Attridge suggests that David Lurie grows on the reader throughout the novel and is a better person at the end (Attridge 183). This indicates that David Lurie goes through a process personally that changes him in a positive direction. Besides Campbell’s theory, the theories of Propp and Stanford are presented and put to good use as theoretical background. Since this essay deals with both narratology and structuralism I provide short explanations of these two branches of literature criticism as presented in Peter Barry’s Beginning Theory. I then discuss relevant passages from Disgrace in connection with the different stages of the hero’s journey as described by Campbell. I do so in the order they are presented in Campbell’s book.</p>

This essay argues that the protagonist of Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South (1855), Margaret Hale, is a Byronic heroine. The counter argument that any such comparison is impossible because of her sex is refuted and examples are given of how Margaret is not portrayed like the other young women of the novel. She rejects the female stereotype of the time and it is furthermore proved that she steps out of the passive role considered best suited for a female, and takes on the active one, becoming the heroine of the piece. Finally, traits of Margaret’s character are compared to that of the archetypical Byronic Hero, and it is shown that she shares most of the defining character traits. It is concluded that certain discord in the comparison is needed for the concord to be visible, but rather than being idealized, Margaret is portrayed as a flawed character that rebels against the rules of society for the sake of those she loves. This makes her a Byronic heroine.

This thesis creatively reconsiders the ancient Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh and offers a design of the ancient epic as a contemporary, illustrated text. The work is concerned with notions of heroism, and methods relating to construction of imagery. The manifestation of this investigation is the illustrated book Gilgamesh, the Hero of Mesopotamia, which comprises the principal site of research in the project. It consists of thirty-six drawings that explore cyclic composition as a form of narrative discourse.