Este trabalho tem como objeto de pesquisa o processo de consulta pública online para elaboração do Marco Civil da Internet, nova lei que dispõe sobre os direitos dos usuários de Internet no Brasil. Ele busca responder às seguintes perguntas: (i) como foi idealizado processo de consulta pública online do Marco Civil da Internet? (ii) Como a consulta foi gerenciada e executada? (iii) Quais foram os resultados da consulta em termos de soluções jurídicas aos conflitos políticos do setor da Internet? A proposta é realizar uma descrição desta experiência de participação social pela Internet a partir de um mapeamento das contribuições dos cidadãos e instituições, de informações em fontes variadas (imprensa especializada ou não e outros trabalhos acadêmicos) e do confronto deste levantamento com entrevistas dadas pelos gestores do projeto sobre seu planejamento e execução. A pesquisa trabalhou com a hipótese de que a consulta pública online que elaborou o Marco Civil da Internet se colocou como alternativa a um debate instaurado dentro do Congresso Nacional e bloqueado por propostas de lei de enfoque penal. O resultado da pesquisa sugere a confirmação dessa hipótese, bem como a relevância da experiência analisada para o sucesso uma estratégia política de reversão dessa agenda legislativa anterior. / Between 2009 and 2011 the Office of Legislative Affairs of the Ministry of Justice (SAL/MJ), in partnership with the Center for Technology and Society at Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV-CTS), organized a virtual platform to collect peoples comments and insights for a new bill that promises to establish a regulatory framework for the Internet: the Marco Civil da Internet. This work aims to describe this experience, addressing the following issues: (i) how the process was created; (ii) how it was managed and operationalized; and (iii) which outputs it produced in terms of legal solutions solving Internet regulation dilemmas. The research tested the hypothesis that the public consultation process revealed a turning point of the Brazilian Internet regulation debate, which was dominated by criminal-related approaches. The study suggests that the hypothesis was correct and that the analyzed experience was relevant in a reexamination of that previous political agenda.

Este trabalho tem como objeto de pesquisa o processo de consulta pública online para elaboração do Marco Civil da Internet, nova lei que dispõe sobre os direitos dos usuários de Internet no Brasil. Ele busca responder às seguintes perguntas: (i) como foi idealizado processo de consulta pública online do Marco Civil da Internet? (ii) Como a consulta foi gerenciada e executada? (iii) Quais foram os resultados da consulta em termos de soluções jurídicas aos conflitos políticos do setor da Internet? A proposta é realizar uma descrição desta experiência de participação social pela Internet a partir de um mapeamento das contribuições dos cidadãos e instituições, de informações em fontes variadas (imprensa especializada ou não e outros trabalhos acadêmicos) e do confronto deste levantamento com entrevistas dadas pelos gestores do projeto sobre seu planejamento e execução. A pesquisa trabalhou com a hipótese de que a consulta pública online que elaborou o Marco Civil da Internet se colocou como alternativa a um debate instaurado dentro do Congresso Nacional e bloqueado por propostas de lei de enfoque penal. O resultado da pesquisa sugere a confirmação dessa hipótese, bem como a relevância da experiência analisada para o sucesso uma estratégia política de reversão dessa agenda legislativa anterior. / Between 2009 and 2011 the Office of Legislative Affairs of the Ministry of Justice (SAL/MJ), in partnership with the Center for Technology and Society at Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV-CTS), organized a virtual platform to collect peoples comments and insights for a new bill that promises to establish a regulatory framework for the Internet: the Marco Civil da Internet. This work aims to describe this experience, addressing the following issues: (i) how the process was created; (ii) how it was managed and operationalized; and (iii) which outputs it produced in terms of legal solutions solving Internet regulation dilemmas. The research tested the hypothesis that the public consultation process revealed a turning point of the Brazilian Internet regulation debate, which was dominated by criminal-related approaches. The study suggests that the hypothesis was correct and that the analyzed experience was relevant in a reexamination of that previous political agenda.

Texte du résumé non disponible / No summary

Élaborée à partir d’une étude de cas extensive focalisant sur les perspectives multiples et concurrentes ayant émergé lors des négociations sur la gouvernance de l’Internet, thématique ayant dominé l’agenda politique du Sommet mondial sur la société de l’information (SMSI), cette thèse examine les manières avec lesquelles les débats mondiaux sur la gouvernance de l’Internet influencent la notion d’intérêt public en communication. Établie sur la base d’une observation participante extensive, d’entrevues semi-structurées et de l’analyse d’une documentation formelle et informelle associée au SMSI, cette thèse fait état de l’émergence des enjeux associés à la gouvernance de l’Internet au SMSI et présente une analyse approfondie des négociations ayant porté sur cet enjeu. Le cadre théorique développé par Lawrence Lessig au travers duquel « le code est la loi » est appliqué afin d’expliquer comment les différents acteurs ont débattu et ultimement atteint un consensus sur les frontières venant séparer les enjeux normatifs de politique publique et les questions techniques de régulation et de gestion du réseau. Cette thèse discute également de l’évolution des débats autour de la gouvernance mondiale de l’Internet ayant pris place à la suite de la conclusion du SMSI. Sur la base de cette étude de cas, un ensemble de conclusions sont formulées sur les acteurs et les caractéristiques institutionnelles ayant influencé les négociations sur la gouvernance de l’internet. Il est également suggéré que le SMSI a redéfini une discussion étroite sur la gestion d’un ensemble de fonctions techniques de l’Internet en un domaine de politique publique plus large de gouvernance mondiale de l’Internet. Il est également défendu que la notion d’intérêt public dans la gouvernance mondiale de l’Internet est conceptualisée autour des processus de participation et d’intégration des différentes parties prenantes au processus politique. Les implications directes et indirectes qui découlent de ce constat pour comprendre plus largement la notion d’intérêt public dans le domaine de la communication sont également présentées et discutées. En conclusion, cette thèse s’interroge sur les implications programmatiques des éléments ayant été précédemment soulevées pour la recherche médiatique et communicationnelle. / Centred on an extensive case study of the multiple and competing perspectives that emerged over the course of the controversial internet governance negotiations that dominated the United Nation’s World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), this thesis examines how the global debate on internet governance influences the public interest in communication. On the basis of extensive participant observation, targeted semi-structured interviews and analyses of a range of formal and informal documents associated with the WSIS, this thesis reviews the emergence of the issue of internet governance at the WSIS and provides an in-depth accounting of the negotiations that followed. Lawrence Lessig’s theory of “code is law” is applied in explaining how various actors debated and ultimately reached conclusions about the boundaries between normative public policy issues and questions of technical regulation and management. The evolution of the debate over global internet governance since the conclusion of the WSIS is also discussed. On the basis of this case study, a series of conclusions are drawn about the actors and institutional characteristics that influenced the WSIS negotiations on internet governance. It is suggested that the WSIS redefined a narrow debate over the management of a series of internet technical functions as a more broad public policy field of global internet governance. It is argued that the public interest in global internet governance however is process-focused and preoccupied with the political welfare of various stakeholders. The direct and indirect implications for understanding the larger public interest in communication are considered. In conclusion, this thesis reflects on the programmatic implications for the media and communication studies research agenda.

Élaborée à partir d’une étude de cas extensive focalisant sur les perspectives multiples et concurrentes ayant émergé lors des négociations sur la gouvernance de l’Internet, thématique ayant dominé l’agenda politique du Sommet mondial sur la société de l’information (SMSI), cette thèse examine les manières avec lesquelles les débats mondiaux sur la gouvernance de l’Internet influencent la notion d’intérêt public en communication. Établie sur la base d’une observation participante extensive, d’entrevues semi-structurées et de l’analyse d’une documentation formelle et informelle associée au SMSI, cette thèse fait état de l’émergence des enjeux associés à la gouvernance de l’Internet au SMSI et présente une analyse approfondie des négociations ayant porté sur cet enjeu. Le cadre théorique développé par Lawrence Lessig au travers duquel « le code est la loi » est appliqué afin d’expliquer comment les différents acteurs ont débattu et ultimement atteint un consensus sur les frontières venant séparer les enjeux normatifs de politique publique et les questions techniques de régulation et de gestion du réseau. Cette thèse discute également de l’évolution des débats autour de la gouvernance mondiale de l’Internet ayant pris place à la suite de la conclusion du SMSI. Sur la base de cette étude de cas, un ensemble de conclusions sont formulées sur les acteurs et les caractéristiques institutionnelles ayant influencé les négociations sur la gouvernance de l’internet. Il est également suggéré que le SMSI a redéfini une discussion étroite sur la gestion d’un ensemble de fonctions techniques de l’Internet en un domaine de politique publique plus large de gouvernance mondiale de l’Internet. Il est également défendu que la notion d’intérêt public dans la gouvernance mondiale de l’Internet est conceptualisée autour des processus de participation et d’intégration des différentes parties prenantes au processus politique. Les implications directes et indirectes qui découlent de ce constat pour comprendre plus largement la notion d’intérêt public dans le domaine de la communication sont également présentées et discutées. En conclusion, cette thèse s’interroge sur les implications programmatiques des éléments ayant été précédemment soulevées pour la recherche médiatique et communicationnelle. / Centred on an extensive case study of the multiple and competing perspectives that emerged over the course of the controversial internet governance negotiations that dominated the United Nation’s World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), this thesis examines how the global debate on internet governance influences the public interest in communication. On the basis of extensive participant observation, targeted semi-structured interviews and analyses of a range of formal and informal documents associated with the WSIS, this thesis reviews the emergence of the issue of internet governance at the WSIS and provides an in-depth accounting of the negotiations that followed. Lawrence Lessig’s theory of “code is law” is applied in explaining how various actors debated and ultimately reached conclusions about the boundaries between normative public policy issues and questions of technical regulation and management. The evolution of the debate over global internet governance since the conclusion of the WSIS is also discussed. On the basis of this case study, a series of conclusions are drawn about the actors and institutional characteristics that influenced the WSIS negotiations on internet governance. It is suggested that the WSIS redefined a narrow debate over the management of a series of internet technical functions as a more broad public policy field of global internet governance. It is argued that the public interest in global internet governance however is process-focused and preoccupied with the political welfare of various stakeholders. The direct and indirect implications for understanding the larger public interest in communication are considered. In conclusion, this thesis reflects on the programmatic implications for the media and communication studies research agenda.

No description available.