O tema do trabalho diz respeito ao processo de formação de espectadores. A partir das noções de experiência e hábito contempladas nas teorias de Jorge Larrosa e Virgínia Kastrup, respectivamente, partese do princípio de que o prazer estético advém do próprio experimentar, assim o hábito de ser espectador passa a ser construído, portanto, habitável. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são 20 alunos de 6° série do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Estadual de Porto Alegre, que tiveram acesso a peças teatrais ao longo de uma experiência continuada. O objetivo é discernir princípios fundamentais para a construção do gosto estético na prática do “tornar-se” espectador. Busca-se verificar quais resultados essa experiência traz para os estudantes e como pode contribuir para a transformação dos seus horizontes estéticos. / The work’s theme relates to spectator’s formation. It starts at the notions of experience and habit, contemplated in Jorge Larrosa and Virginia Kastrup theories, respectively, beginning in the principle the aesthetic pleasure comes from their own experience, so the habit of being a spectator will be built, thus habitable. The research’s subjects were 20 students of 6th grade of elementary school of the State Network of Porto Alegre, who had access to plays along a continuous experience. The aim is to discern the fundamental principles for the construction of aesthetic taste in the practice of "becoming" spectator. Research results verify this experience brings to students and how it can contribute to the transformation of their aesthetic horizons.

O tema do trabalho diz respeito ao processo de formação de espectadores. A partir das noções de experiência e hábito contempladas nas teorias de Jorge Larrosa e Virgínia Kastrup, respectivamente, partese do princípio de que o prazer estético advém do próprio experimentar, assim o hábito de ser espectador passa a ser construído, portanto, habitável. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são 20 alunos de 6° série do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Estadual de Porto Alegre, que tiveram acesso a peças teatrais ao longo de uma experiência continuada. O objetivo é discernir princípios fundamentais para a construção do gosto estético na prática do “tornar-se” espectador. Busca-se verificar quais resultados essa experiência traz para os estudantes e como pode contribuir para a transformação dos seus horizontes estéticos. / The work’s theme relates to spectator’s formation. It starts at the notions of experience and habit, contemplated in Jorge Larrosa and Virginia Kastrup theories, respectively, beginning in the principle the aesthetic pleasure comes from their own experience, so the habit of being a spectator will be built, thus habitable. The research’s subjects were 20 students of 6th grade of elementary school of the State Network of Porto Alegre, who had access to plays along a continuous experience. The aim is to discern the fundamental principles for the construction of aesthetic taste in the practice of "becoming" spectator. Research results verify this experience brings to students and how it can contribute to the transformation of their aesthetic horizons.

O tema do trabalho diz respeito ao processo de formação de espectadores. A partir das noções de experiência e hábito contempladas nas teorias de Jorge Larrosa e Virgínia Kastrup, respectivamente, partese do princípio de que o prazer estético advém do próprio experimentar, assim o hábito de ser espectador passa a ser construído, portanto, habitável. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são 20 alunos de 6° série do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Estadual de Porto Alegre, que tiveram acesso a peças teatrais ao longo de uma experiência continuada. O objetivo é discernir princípios fundamentais para a construção do gosto estético na prática do “tornar-se” espectador. Busca-se verificar quais resultados essa experiência traz para os estudantes e como pode contribuir para a transformação dos seus horizontes estéticos. / The work’s theme relates to spectator’s formation. It starts at the notions of experience and habit, contemplated in Jorge Larrosa and Virginia Kastrup theories, respectively, beginning in the principle the aesthetic pleasure comes from their own experience, so the habit of being a spectator will be built, thus habitable. The research’s subjects were 20 students of 6th grade of elementary school of the State Network of Porto Alegre, who had access to plays along a continuous experience. The aim is to discern the fundamental principles for the construction of aesthetic taste in the practice of "becoming" spectator. Research results verify this experience brings to students and how it can contribute to the transformation of their aesthetic horizons.

The diploma thesis is concerned with reception of the Austrian novelist and playwright Thomas Bernhard in the Czech Republic after 1989. The piece of work mainly focuses on how the writer was presented to the Czech society. The thesis also responds to the statement of the Czech Germanist Milan Tvrdík who said, in 1995, that Thomas Bernhard still awaits discovery of his writings in the Czech Republic and, so far, is an author mostly for Germanists. Theoretical framework of the work is based on the reception theory of Constance school. The research is mainly focused on the Czech translations of the Bernhard's books which contain epilogues and editorial notes, then on the reviews of the Bernhard's plays introduced in the Czech theatres between 1989 and 2019. Considering the fact that some adaptations of Bernhard's plays in our country offered an interesting link between Czech and Slovakian acting scene, an insight of the Bernhard's reception in Slovakia is a part of the work. The analysis takes into consideration external factors, too. These factors are translators, editors, or individual publishing houses Prostor, Mladá Fronta, Divadelní ústav or Odeon, which have influenced the reception of Bernhard's work in the Czech Republic. The qualitative analysis infers a picture of the Austrian playwright...

Cette thèse se propose d’étudier la diffusion et la réception du théâtre imprimé au XVIIe siècle dans deux aires géographiques ayant entretenu des rapports privilégiés sur le plan des échanges culturels depuis la Renaissance : l’Italie et l’Espagne. En effet, de la même façon qu’au XVIe siècle le théâtre italien de la Renaissance influence la naissance de la comédie humaniste en Espagne, le théâtre espagnol du XVIIe siècle est adapté et traduit par les dramaturges italiens. Le XVIIe siècle est également le moment où les grands dramaturges italiens et espagnols, dont la production alimente les représentations théâtrales, connaissent un succès inégalé non seulement sur les planches mais également grâce à la diffusion imprimée de leurs œuvres. De plus, au XVIIe siècle en toute l’Europe, la production théâtrale augmente sensiblement. Le théâtre est publié dans de petits et grands formats, en recueils ou en feuillets épars : l’édition théâtrale connaît une très forte augmentation. Cependant cette multiplication de l’imprimé théâtral n’est pas perceptible avec la même intensité à l’intérieur des bibliothèque privées des Espagnols et des Italiens ayant vécu au XVIIe siècle que nous avons étudiées.En nous appuyant sur les travaux qui concernent la matérialité du livre et l’histoire sociale, culturelle et littéraire, nous souhaitons étudier le théâtre en tant que phénomène ancré à l’intérieur des processus sociaux propres à l’Espagne et à l’Italie du XVIIe siècle, à travers à la fois l’analyse d’inventaires de bibliothèques privées et de paratextes de livres de théâtre. Cette approche implique une question générale qui est la suivante : de quelle manière la circulation et l’édition des textes théâtraux en Europe au XVIIe siècle ont-elles modifié la condition de l’auteur, les rapports entre théâtre et public (lecteurs et spectateurs), en permettant l’apparition de nouvelles théories et en construisant une conception du théâtre imprimé ? La réponse à cette ample interrogation nous permettra de dessiner un panorama européen de la circulation du livre de théâtre, des idées et des influences littéraires. En somme, deux grandes problématiques traversent nos recherches : d’un côté la circulation du théâtre imprimé, et de l’autre, sa réception en Espagne et en Italie au XVIIe siècle. / This research studies the diffusion and the reception of printed theater in the 17th century in Italy and Spain, two geographical areas having maintained privileged relations in terms of cultural exchanges since the Renaissance. As the Italian Renaissance drama influenced the birth of the humanistic comedy in Spain in the 16th century, in the same way Spanish drama is adapted and translated by Italian playwrights in the 17th century. The 17th century is also the century when the great Italian and Spanish playwrights know an unequaled success not only on the boards but also on the books pages promoted by printed distribution of their works. In addition, in 17th century throughout Europe, theatrical production increases significantly : the theatrical edition knows a very strong increase. The theater is published in small and large formats, in collections or « separate editions » (e.g. comedia suelta). However this multiplication of theatrical print is not visible with the same intensity in the private libraries of the Spaniards and Italians who lived in 17th century.We study theater as a phenomenon rooted in the social processes of Spain and Italy of the 17th century through the analysis of inventories of private libraries and paratexts of theater books. This approach involves a general question : how did the circulation and editing of theatrical texts in 17th century Europe change the status of the author, the relationship between theater and public (readers and viewers), allowing the developement of new theories and building a conception of printed theater ? The answer to theses questions will allow us to draw an European panorama of the circulation of theater books, ideas and literary influences. In other words, our research bases on two major issues : on the one hand the circulation of printed theater, and on the other, its reception in Spain and Italy of the 17th century.

The thesis aims to analyse the reception of the ancient Greek drama by the Italian scholar Ettore Romagnoli (1871-1938), considering his critical essays, translations, and theatre performances. The mutual interaction of these three aspects represents the methodological approach to understand how Romagnoli conceived the interpretation of Greek theatre and its dramatic production in the modern age. The thesis consists of three parts. The first one analyses Romagnoli’s ideas on classical studies and the modern translations of ancient Greek poetry within the Italian culture in the early 20th Century and in opposition to the positivist approach in the classical philology and the Neo Idealistic Aesthetics. Furthermore, an exam of the entire work of Romagnoli as stage director is offered, along with the reconstruction of a mainly unknow controversy after his dismissal from the National Institute of Ancient Drama. The second part analyses Romagnoli’s academic studies on the hypothetical performance of ancient tragedy and comedy and the evolution of Greek poetry from music. It also identifies the possible influence of these theories within his own translations and performances. The last part deals with two examples of translations for the stage: the "Agamemnon" (1914) and the "Bacchae" (1922). On the basis of theatre translation studies and thanks to Romagnoli’s editions of the two works, both placed at his archive and library in Rovereto and rich of notes by the translator himself, the analysis attempts to examine the hypothetical performability and speakability of the two texts and whether cuts or modifications were introduced during the stage productions. / La ricerca si propone di condurre un esame il più possibile esaustivo dell’opera del grecista Ettore Romagnoli (1871-1938) come esegeta, traduttore e metteur en scène del dramma antico. Grazie all’analisi della reciproca interazione di questi tre aspetti si è tentato di comprendere come il grecista abbia concepito l’interpretazione del teatro greco e ne abbia progettato la ‘reinvenzione’ drammatica. Il lavoro si suddivide in tre parti. Nella prima viene condotta una ricostruzione della carriera di Romagnoli nel contesto storico-culturale di inizio Novecento, analizzando le sue idee sul rinnovamento degli studi classici e sull’aggiornamento delle traduzioni della poesia greca. In questo quadro assumono notevole rilievo le polemiche condotte da Romagnoli in opposizione alle maggiori correnti accademico-culturali dell’epoca: l’estetica crociana e la filologia scientifica. Inoltre, l’analisi prende in esame l’idea di messinscena e le produzioni dirette da Romagnoli a partire dagli spettacoli universitari (1911-1913) fino alle rappresentazioni teatrali svolte a Siracusa e in altri teatri e siti archeologici d’Italia (1914-1937), insieme alla ricostruzione di una terza polemica, definita ‘siracusana’, che coinvolse il grecista in seguito alla sua estromissione dall’Istituto Nazionale del Dramma Antico. La seconda parte prende in considerazione gli studi scientifici e divulgativi di Romagnoli circa la ricostruzione dell’ipotetica performace della tragedia e della commedia di quinto secolo a.C. e l’evoluzione della poesia greca dalla musica, individuando, inoltre, le possibili rielaborazioni di queste teorie all’interno delle traduzioni e degli spettacoli teatrali. Nella terza parte si analizzano le traduzioni di "Agamennone" e "Baccanti" che Romagnoli portò in scena a Siracusa. Si è tentato di valutare, anche sulla base degli studi teorici relativi alla traduzione per il teatro, quanto l’attenzione alla ‘performabilità’ e alla ‘dicibilità’ del testo ne avesse influenzato la composizione oppure se fossero stati introdotti tagli e modifiche in fase di produzione degli spettacoli. Le due edizioni di "Agamennone" (1914) e "Baccanti" (1922) che facevano parte della biblioteca privata di Romagnoli presentano infatti annotazioni dell’autore riconducibili proprio ai suoi allestimenti per gli spettacoli al Teatro greco di Siracusa. Il lavoro ha potuto avvalersi di scritti inediti, articoli di giornale e documenti privati custoditi negli Archivi della Fondazione INDA e presso il Fondo Romagnoli, dal 2016 proprietà dell’Accademia Roveretana degli Agiati e attualmente in catalogazione presso la Biblioteca civica “G. Tartarotti” di Rovereto.

Dall’inizio del XXI secolo, i drammi portoghesi e brasiliani ispirati all’antichità classica, prima trascurati o semplicemente ignorati dalla critica internazionale, sono stati oggetto di più ampio e sistematico studio, in relazione sia alle fonti antiche sia alla produzione moderna analoga. Nondimeno, in tale contesto hanno spesso prevalso prospettive o interessi nazionali; inoltre, la ricerca si è di solito concentrata su singoli miti, personaggi, motivi. Una ricognizione complessiva sarebbe a questo punto utilissima, ma non è ancora disponibile. La presente tesi è appunto volta a offrire un contributo in tale direzione, attraverso una mappatura ragionata della maggior parte delle opere pertinenti: tutte quelle concernenti i tre principali cicli mitici (argonautico, tebano, troiano). Secondo il mio censimento, il sorprendente corpus consta di tredici drammi (sei portoghesi e sette brasiliani) per il primo ciclo, ventuno (quattordici portoghesi e sette brasiliani) per il secondo e ventidue (diciotto portoghesi e quattro brasiliani) per il terzo. / Since the turn of the 21st century, the Portuguese and Brazilian dramas inspired by the classical antiquity, previously overlooked or simply ignored by international critics, have been subject of more widespread and systematic studies, in connection with both their ancient references and similar modern production. Nevertheless, in this context national perspectives or interests have often been predominant; furthermore, research has usually concerned individual narratives, characters or motives. A comprehensive survey would be now very useful, but it is not yet available. The present thesis is just meant to offer a contribution in this regard, by providing an annotated map of most of the relevant works: all those which belong to the three main mythical cycles (Argonautic, Theban, Trojan). According to my data, the striking corpus consists in thirteen plays (six Portuguese and seven Brazilian) for the first cycle; twenty-one (fourteen Portuguese and seven Brazilian) for the second, and twenty-two (eighteen Portuguese and four Brazilian) for the third.