L’ambiguïté de la notion de jeu n'est plus à démontrer. Le concept recouvre en effet des phénomènes aussi divers que le développement de l'enfant, certains comportements animaux, les loteries et le PMU, les jeux vidéos et de société, les sports, le théâtre, etc. L'objet de notre propos est alors d'analyser ce qui est en cause quand il est question de jeu. Le traitement du problème du jeu s'est en effet souvent heurté à des « obstacles épistémologiques », selon le terme de Gaston Bachelard, qu'il nous appartient d'identifier et de surmonter, en recourant pour cela à une méthodologie rigoureuse que nous trouvons dans la théorie épistémologique de l'Anthropologie générale de Jean Gagnepain.Il s'agit alors de procéder à une déconstruction de l'objet qui mette en évidence les processus humains les plus déterminants dans la question du jeu. Il faut donc renoncer à parler de jeu de manière générique pour traiter plus spécifiquement de ce que nous appellerons « l'autocinèse du vivant » et le « jeu choral ». Cette dissociation entre ce qui tient à la nature même du vivant d'une part, et à une esthétique sociale rationnelle de l'autre, nous permet alors de proposer une modélisation de la question qui apporte un nouvel éclairage au traitement scientifique, technique, historique et critique du jeu, et renouvelle l'analyse des jeux eux-mêmes. / The ambiguity of the question of Play is now well-known. The concept includes such various phenomena as child development, animal play, gambling, board and video games, sports, acting, etc. The object of the present work is to attempt a disambiguation of what is at work when Play is in cause, avoiding the « epistemological obstacles » that have constantlty muddled the question. This implies a strict methodology that we find in Jean Gagnepain epistemological theory of General Anthropology.We can then procede to a deconstruction of Play, revealing two majors process at work in the situations of play. « Autocinesis of the living » deals with the inherent spontaneity of the living beings while « choral play » referes to a rational form of social aesthetics. The identification of these two process allows us to establish an original pattern of Play and games, thus bringing new lights to the scientifical, technical, historical and critical approaches of the question, and a new way of analysing games.

Par un corpus de bijoux allant des années 1960 à nos jours examiné selon la méthode de la théorie de la médiation, la thèse se fixe un triple objectif. Le premier ambitionne de construire une anthropologie de l’ornement par le détour de la sociologie et l’exploitation du modèle instituant/institué (première partie) qui permet de faire émerger la nature expérimentale de ces ouvrages, ainsi que leur prise de distance avec l’investiture de la personne. Le deuxième objectif vise à analyser ce matériel très spécifique selon le modèle fabriquant/fabriqué, afin de décomposer la nature des expérimentations difficiles à étudier dans un cadre traditionnel. Le troisième objectif s’attache à manifester l’unité de la recherche par la mise en lumière d’une similitude de mécanismes avec les arts contemporains (vêtement, mobilier, art), faisant état d’une communauté de projet et d’un phénomène généralisé (deuxième et troisième parties). Ce bijou importable socialement développe une invraisemblable technique, ceci en accord avec l’incommensurable de l’art contemporain. / Using a corpus of jewelry from the 1960’s to nowadays, analysed through the Theory of Mediation method, the thesis has three objectives. The first one aims at building an anthropology of jewelery through the detour of sociology, using the Instituant/Institué model (first part), which helps understanding the experimental nature of these ornaments, far away from the traditional investiture of the person. The second objective is to analyse these very specific jewels using the Fabriquant/Fabriqué model (second and third parts), as studying how the nature of these experiments is broken down is indeed too difficult to do in a traditional manner. The third objective is to show the unity of the research by highlighting a similarity with the mechanisms of contemporary arts (clothing, design, furniture, art), indicating a community of projects and therefore a global and widespread phenomenon (second and third parts). These socially unwearable jewels develop unlikely techniques, in line with the unlimited world of contemporary art.

Le champ socio-professionnel circonscrit par la prise en compte éducative et sociale des surdités sévères et profondes congénitales est structuré par un clivage entre les courants gestualistes et oralistes apparu à la fin du XVIIIè siècle. Depuis la fin des années mille neuf-cent soixante-dix, sous les impulsions de la militance pour la « cause sourde » d'une part et des progrès technico-médicaux de l'autre, ce clivage s'est trouvé refondé dans celui distinguant une conception du sujet sourd, héritant du structuralisme en linguistique et en psychanalyse, d'une approche de l'individu déficient auditif marqué du positivisme des modèles biologiques appliqués à l'humain.Si l’indigence de la prise en compte de la complexité de la rationalité humaine par ce second paradigme fait l'objet de critiques tout aussi sévères qu'argumentées de la part du premier, la passion pour la langue des signes qui infiltre celui-ci l'inscrit aussi, par là même, dans la tendance sociale repérable comme celle d'un effacement de la spécificité de l'enfant.Bien au-delà d'ailleurs du contexte du handicap, on peut identifier que la langue des signes produit dans notre contemporanéité des effets de fascination amplement redevables aux échos qu'elle trouve dans la négativité – au sens de Jean Gagnepain – constitutive de la condition de l'Homme.Dans l'investissement de la langue des signes, ordonné par la militance pour la « cause sourde » et l'orientation se présentant comme oeuvrant à un bilinguisme, la question de l'imprégnation de la langue audio-orale communautaire et de son outillage par l’écrit figure enfin un point d’achoppement dont se démarquent les approches oralistes notamment renouvelées par la Langue française Parlée Complétée (LPC). / The socio-professional area is delimited by the social and educative ways of regarding the severe congenital deafnesses. It is structured by the split between the oralism and gestualism branches which appeared at the end of XVIIIth century. Since the end of the seventies, driven by parental and cultural militancies as well as technical and medical progress, this division has been refounded in a new one which sets apart two ways of seeing the deaf person. One derives from structuralism in linguistic and psychoanalyse and the other one from positivism of biological models applied to Human.The paucity of the second paradigm regarding the human rationality complexity is the target of serious as well as documented criticisms by the first one. However, the passion for the sign language which comes in the latter one puts it also, by the fact, in the social trend which erases the child specificity. Besides, far beyond the handicap context, the fascination for the sign language observed in our contemporaneity is fully indebted to echoes found in the human constitutive negativity – in the Jean Gagnepain's meaning.Finally the issues of impregnation by audio-oral community language and of its equipment by writing are sticking points in the sign language approach, ordered by campaigners for the deaf cause and considered as working for bilingualism. Conversely, oralism, especially when renewed by the Cued Speech adapted to French, gets free from these pitfalls.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-27T10:58:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ericamarquesdeoliveiraherzog.pdf: 1395527 bytes, checksum: fec9d952bdbb337d0990b2b185b68be0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-05-02T00:57:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ericamarquesdeoliveiraherzog.pdf: 1395527 bytes, checksum: fec9d952bdbb337d0990b2b185b68be0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T00:57:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ericamarquesdeoliveiraherzog.pdf: 1395527 bytes, checksum: fec9d952bdbb337d0990b2b185b68be0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 / A presente dissertação consiste em uma análise da Supervisão acadêmica de estágio da Faculdade de Serviço Social da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/MG, como um espaço privilegiado para a realização de medições entre teoria e prática, entendendo, contudo, que este ato de mediar deve ser transversal a todo o processo de formação profissional. O estudo apresentado expõe uma síntese das transformações societárias ocasionadas pelo Neoliberalismo e seus rebatimentos sobre o mundo do trabalho e sobre a educação, nos quais o estágio supervisionado se situa e desenvolve, pois compreende numa perspectiva de totalidade, que seus processos interferem diretamente nesses âmbitos. Apresentam-se ainda os instrumentos normativos que expressam a concepção e direcionam a supervisão de estágio em Serviço Social e, por fim, apresenta-se a pesquisa de campo realizada junto aos atores do processo de Supervisão, dando ênfase na condução da supervisão acadêmica, com vistas a identificar seu cenário atual, bem como suas contribuições para o processo de formação profissional. / The present dissertation consists of an analysis of the academic traineeship supervision from the Social Work College at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora/MG, as a privileged space for the observation of mediations between theory and practice, understanding however that this act of mediation must be transversal to all the process of professional formation. The present study displays a synthesis of the social transformations caused by Neoliberalism and its ramifications over the world of work and education, where the supervised traineeship is and develops itself, where the supervised practice is located and develops as it comprises a totality perspective that its processes interfere directly in these areas. The normative instruments that express the conception and direct the traineeship supervision in Social Work are presented, and finally a field research held along with the actors of the Supervision process is presented too, emphasizing the conduction of the academic supervision, aiming at identifying its today scenario, as well as its contributions for the process of professional formation.

1 Abstract International migration has an impact on the economy in both the receiving and the sending countries due to the fact that foreign workers will 'reinvest' the financial remittances in their home country and support the domestic economy in the source state while fulling the demand for work in the receiving country and improving the financial climate in the host state. Work agencies and the client system are some of the most important details of this system that allows migrants to get a job and often facilitates participation and provides additional services to organize their stay in the host country. The theoretical basis of this thesis is the migration network theory and also the neoinstitutional theory with its concept of limited human rationality as well as a concept of institutional "limitations" in the context of created institutional rules. In the theoretical part of this work the agency and the so-called client system, which performs the same duties on an illegal level, - were explored as institutional units in their historical, real, social dimensions. Basic qualitative research examines the concept of the migration network theory and the concept of limited choice of institutional theory on the example of nine migrants from the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and Ukraine with...