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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
121

The Effects Of Construction Materials On Thermal Comfort In Residential Buildings / An Analysis Using Ecotect 5.0.

Aydin Gezer, Nevin 01 January 2003 (has links) (PDF)
The aim of this study was to provide information about the effects of construction materials on thermal comfort in residential buildings using Ecotect 5.0. Three residential buildings, each of different construction in the province of Yozgat, Turkey were used as study material to this end. At the end of this study, the effects of materials on thermal comfort have been explained by graphical and statistical analysis. Pertinent literature reports that the thermal responses of occupants depend to some extent on the outdoor climate in naturally ventilated buildings with operable windows. Furthermore, an adaptation occurs in these buildings regarding the occupants&amp / #8217 / previous thermal experiences, the availability of control, and shifts in expectations. The study therefore focused on collecting data on both indoor and outdoor air temperature and humidity to show the comfort level in such buildings. By collecting data on 3 houses constructed of different materials the author aimed to show the effects of materials on thermal comfort. The analyses were further extended with computer simulations, which enabled restriction of the parameters on construction materials. The study has shown that in naturally ventilated residential buildings, construction materials affect both thermal comfort and thermal performance of the buildings. Buildings with traditional construction material showed a better performance in achieving the preferred thermal comfort while decreasing energy costs.
122

Analysis of three ventilation systems in an office: Mixing, displacement and confluent jet ventilation system. : Analysis of temperature gradient, tracer gas and thermal comfort.

Peña Malo, Julio J., Panjkov Zafra-Polo, Igor January 2013 (has links)
Scandinavian countries have always been the first in investigation and development of new ventilation systems. In the last years, engineers from Finland and Sweden are studying a new ventilation system known “Confluent jet ventilation system” which is trying to improve displacement and mixing results. The aim of this thesis master is to study the behaviour of three different ventilation systems, mixing ventilation, displacement ventilation and confluent jet ventilation, in an office room by mean of three analysis, temperature gradient analysis, tracer gas analysis and thermal comfort analysis, and to compare them to know if the new one, confluent jet, increases the performance of mixing or displacement ventilation system. In case of confluent jet ventilation system, there were two different cases: one with the supply air device at 2.2m high, and the other with it at 1.7m high to compare which one was the correct position and gets the best results. For each studied system 3 different cases were analyzed, having the same parameters each one of them for the three ventilation systems.The measurements were taken in an office room located in the laboratory of the University of Gävle, Högskolan I Gävle, in collaboration with the Finnish company specialized in ventilation systems, Stravent. For temperature gradient analysis, ten sensors took temperatures from the low level, 0.1m high, to the top level of the room, 2.4m, during all the time that the other measurements were being taken. For tracer gas analysis, a data logger took measurements of the contaminant concentration, N2O, from when the contaminant was thrown into the room until it disappeared following a Decay curve. Lastly, in thermal comfort analysis 4 transducers took measurements each 12 minutes of air temperature, operative temperature, air velocity and air humidity are measured in 6 different points inside the office room and at 3 different heights, 0.1m, 1.1m and 1.7m. After analyzing the results of temperature gradient, tracer gas and thermal comfort the best results were obtained by confluent jet system with the supply air device at 2.2m in case of temperature gradient, since the difference of temperatures between the low and the top level were the minimum and contaminants and indoor air were not in a homogeneous mixing. In case of tracer gas, the results about air change efficiency were not the expected because they showed a well-mixed situation for every system and it should not have been like that. It was caused for the influence of a cooling system situated in the ceiling of the room and the temperature difference between inside and outside the room that affected more than expected. Finally, in thermal comfort analysis, the best results were obtained by confluent jet ventilation, therefore in case of the supply air device at 2.2m and in case of it at 1.7m. To sum up, taking account the results achieved, the confluent jet ventilation got the best results and showed that it is a new ventilation system that must be taken in consideration in the following buildings. Between supply air device at 2.2m and 1.7m the results were very similar, but a bit better in case of the highest height.
123

Reclaiming urban streets for walking in a hot and humid region : the case of Dammam city, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Alabdullah, Montasir Masoud January 2017 (has links)
Due to the current practices of street design in countries with hot and humid climates that prioritise air-conditioned cars as the favoured mode of transport, the physical and spatial characteristics of the street space have failed to retain much or any user-friendliness for walking or for sustaining street life. Moreover, particularly in Saudi Arabia, the increasingly sedentary lifestyle is leading to significant health problems and prevalence of lifestyle diseases. However, there has been limited research conducted on the use of urban streets under hot and humid conditions, and even less is known about the impact of certain sociocultural aspects in, for example, Muslim countries, on the design of streets for walking. Such a situation poses challenges to the urban space researcher and designer interested in gaining a better understanding of how walking can be restored into the street space. This thesis contributes to the advancement of knowledge in this area by integrating three influential factors connected to walking in a single study; an approach which has not been elaborated previously. This thesis aimed to broaden the understanding of pedestrians’ requirements, attitudes and preferences in order to identify ways in which the neglected street space can be reclaimed for walking under hot-humid climatic conditions and to inform decision-making into improved street design. The scope of this research centred on combining an understanding of pedestrians’ thermal comfort in a hot and humid urban environment, that of the city of Dammam in Saudi Arabia, where the problem is particularly acute, coupled with exploration into the socio-cultural aspects through which behaviour such as undertaking increased physical activity is governed. The research postulated an interactive relationship between the existing conditions of the street space and these two factors. Owing to the multifaceted nature of the factors affecting an individual’s choice to walk, there are few accepted theoretical frameworks, hence studying the cause-and-effect relationship between street design and walking is challenging. Following the literature review and analysis of existing street characteristics; the strategy of mixed-method data collection combining participant observation with interviews and a questionnaire was conducted. The findings revealed the dual impact of key street characteristics on pedestrians’ reluctance to walk on streets and this led to two levels of simultaneous interventions being suggested: physical and spatial. The analytical process (1) identified the upper thermal comfort limit for pedestrians by application of the Physiological Equivalent Temperature index, ‘PET’, through use of the RayMan Software; (2) revealed that physical proximity to other people while on the street is the most sensitive socio-cultural issue in the outdoor spaces of Saudi, particularly between the opposite sexes, and that the existing pavements are generally too narrow to accommodate the preferred personal distance; (3) identified appropriate design interventions at the microscale of the street space to introduce improved shading and create air movement to reduce the impact of solar radiation and humidity and thus to contribute towards encouraging more use of streets for walking; and (4) marking the pavement to indicate distance walked along with high quality streetscape elements was shown to attract pedestrians effectively. Such findings have significant implications for restoring the place of walking on streets in hot and humid cities and the research concludes by emphasising: (1) it is the design of the street space in climatically responsive and socio-culturally compatible ways, rather than the configuration of the urban form that is most associated with increasing physical activity; (2) there is a crucial need to redistribute the street space away from cars and towards pedestrians by widening the existing pavements both for satisfying the average personal comfort distance between pedestrians and for incorporating appropriate streetscape elements.
124

Heat-related Morbidity and Thermal Comfort: a Comparison Study of Phoenix and Chicago

January 2012 (has links)
abstract: I present the results of studies from two historically separate fields of research: heat related illness and human thermal comfort adaptation. My research objectives were: (a) to analyze the relationships between climate and heat related morbidity in Phoenix, Arizona and Chicago, Illinois; (b) explore possible linkages of human thermal comfort adaptation to heat-related illness; and (c) show possible benefits of collaboration between the two fields of research. Previous climate and mortality studies discovered regional patterns in summertime mortality in North America: lower in hot, southern cities compared to more temperate cities. I examined heat related emergency (911) dispatches from these two geographically and climatically different cities. I analyzed with local weather conditions with 911 dispatches identified by responders as "heat" related from 2001 to 2006 in Phoenix and 2003 through 2006 in Chicago. Both cities experienced a rapid rise in heat-related dispatches with increasing temperature and heat index, but at higher thresholds in Phoenix. Overall, Phoenix had almost two and half times more heat-related dispatches than Chicago. However, Phoenix did not experience the large spikes of heat-related dispatches that occurred in Chicago. These findings suggest a resilience to heat-related illness that may be linked to acclimatization in Phoenix. I also present results from a survey based outdoor human thermal comfort field study in Phoenix to assess levels of local acclimatization. Previous research in outdoor human thermal comfort in hot humid and temperate climates used similar survey-based methodologies and found higher levels of thermal comfort (adaptation to heat) that in warmer climates than in cooler climates. The study presented in this dissertation found outdoor thermal comfort thresholds and heat tolerance levels in Phoenix were higher than previous studies from temperate climates more similar to Chicago. These differences were then compared to the differences in weather conditions associated with heat-related dispatches. The higher comfort thresholds in Phoenix were similar in scale to the climate differences associated with the upsurge in heat-related dispatches in Phoenix and Chicago. This suggests a link between heat related illness and acclimatization, and illustrates potential for collaboration in research between the two fields. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Geological Sciences 2012
125

Monitoring thermal comfort in the built environment using a wired sensor network

Pitt, Luke January 2016 (has links)
This thesis documents a sensor networking project with an interest in internal environment monitoring in relation to thermal comfort. As part of this project sensor nodes were designed, built and deployed. Data was collected from the nodes via a wired Ethernet network and was stored in a database. The network remains operational several years after its initial deployment. The collected data was analyzed in conjunction with data from a local meteorological station and the building's smart fiscal energy meters. The analysis suggests the possibility of automated thermal comfort classification using data from a sensor network.
126

Avaliação de sistemas de telhados verdes: análise térmica e hídrica nos diferentes sistemas cultivados com Callisia repens / Evaluation of greenroof systems: thermal and water analysis in different systems cultivated with Callisia repens

Carvalho, Gustavo de Castro 28 June 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Gustavo De Castro Carvalho (guccarvalho@hotmail.com) on 2018-08-01T22:14:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Gustavo_Carvalho_31_07.pdf: 15100111 bytes, checksum: 2658fcd933d4759ed39d530bdd48474f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Lucimara Kurokawa Shinoda null (lucimaraks@sorocaba.unesp.br) on 2018-08-02T17:56:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_gc_me_soro.pdf: 15100111 bytes, checksum: 2658fcd933d4759ed39d530bdd48474f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T17:56:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_gc_me_soro.pdf: 15100111 bytes, checksum: 2658fcd933d4759ed39d530bdd48474f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-28 / A crescente urbanização, faz com que problemas ambientais tornem-se cada vez mais frequentes e, dessa forma, alternativas como o uso de coberturas vegetais mostram-se como importantes ferramentas para a melhoria ambiental nos centros urbanos. Telhados verdes são sistemas construtivos que quando utilizados, trazem inúmeros benefícios à população, dentre os quais se destacam: melhoria no conforto térmico em edificações, diminuição da poluição atmosférica, acústica e visual, além de menor escoamento superficial, reduzindo enchentes. Diante disso, a presente pesquisa buscou avaliar a temperatura em protótipos com diferentes sistemas de telhados verdes comerciais (Sistema FLAT, Sistema Modular e Sistema MacDrain) cultivados com Callisia repens, para quantificar a melhoria no que diz respeito ao conforto térmico que esses sistemas proporcionam, comparando-os entre si e com um sistema testemunha, totalizando 4 protótipos. A coleta dos dados ocorreu no período de 09/08/2017 à 22/11/2017 através de sensores de temperatura automatizados, em três diferentes horários: 08:00, 13:00 e às 22:00 horas. Adotouse o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, e foram realizadas análises estatísticas para a comparação dos resultados, através do Teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Os resultados mostraram que em horários com valores maiores de temperatura, os sistemas conseguem atenuar a radiação solar, diminuindo a transferência de calor do meio externo para o compartimento instalado logo abaixo dos sistemas. Já em temperaturas amenas, como o período noturno, o sistema funciona de forma a manter o calor absorvido durante o dia no compartimento abaixo, isolando a perda de calor. Apesar da maior parte dos dados de temperatura interna não estarem dentro dos limites da zona de conforto térmico, a diferença mensurada entre os valores de temperatura dos sensores posicionados no protótipo testemunha e os protótipos com os sistemas instalados de telhados verdes chegou a 23 °C no dia 14/10/2017. Realizando-se as análises estatísticas, o protótipo testemunha apresentou diferença significativa, em relação aos sistemas com telhados verdes, nos três horários, mostrando o potencial do sistema com cobertura vegetal no isolamento térmico. Para os horários das 08:00 e 22:00 horas, os protótipos com diferentes sistemas instalados não apresentaram diferença significativa entre si, entretanto, às 13:00 horas, o sistema FLAT diferiu do sistema Modular. Além das análises térmicas, foram realizadas também análises físicoquímicas da água utilizada no sistema de irrigação após a drenagem no Sistema FLAT, com a finalidade de verificar a possibilidade de reúso em sistemas de irrigação. Os parâmetros analisados foram: pH, carbono orgânico, nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, sólidos totais, DBO, turbidez e cor. Os resultados mostraram que a qualidade da água drenada foi pouco alterada em relação à água utilizada na irrigação. Dessa forma, a água escoada poderia ser reutilizada para irrigar o próprio sistema de telhado verde, ou ainda, jardins do entorno, contribuindo para o menor consumo de água e preservação deste bem. / The crescent urbanization makes that environmental problems become more frequent and, therefore, alternatives as the use of plant cover are important for the environmental improvement. The green roofs are constructive systems that when used bring countless benefits to the population, to name but a few, thermal comfort improvement in buildings, decrease of the atmosphere pollution, acoustic and visual, besides a larger surface flow reducing floods. Therefore, the present dissertation has evaluated the temperature in different green roof systems prototypes cultivated with Callisia repens, to quantify the improvement related to the thermal comfort that these systems provide, comparing them with each other and with a control system, totaling 4 prototypes. Data were collected from 09/08/2017 to 11/22/2017 by automated alerts, at three different times: 08:00am, 01:00pm and 10:00pm. To compare statistically the results, critical analyses were carried out using the Tukey test at 5% significance level. The results have showed that with higher temperatures, the systems are able to weaken the solar radiation, reducing the heat transfer from the external environment to the compartment just below the prototypes. On the other hand, at night, normally with mild temperatures, the system works by keeping the heat absorbed during the day in the compartment below, isolating the loss of heat. Although most of the internal temperature levels are not within the limits of thermal comfort zone, the difference between the temperature measured in both the temperature values of the sensors placed on the main prototype and the ones placed on the green roof prototypes systems reached 73,4 °F on 10/14/2017. Statistically, the control prototype was different from the green roof systems in the three measured times, showing the potential of them in the thermal comfort. At 08:00am and 10:00pm, the prototypes were statistically equal, but at 01:00pm, the FLAT system differred from the Modular system. Besides the thermal analysis, water tests were carried out with the water that passed through the FLAT system during the drainage, to analyze the possibility of reusing the water for irrigation systems. The parameters considered were: pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, total solids, BOD, turbidity and color. The results have showed that the quality of the drained water was not changed in comparison to the water used in the irrigation. Therefore, the water could be reused to irrigate the green system itself, or even surrounding gardens, contributing to a lower water consumption and preserving it.
127

Estudo da distribuição de temperaturas em ambientes condicionados por evaporador hi wall / Numerical study of temperature characteristics in a mini spli Air-conditioning Systems

Ribeiro, Caio Augusto Garcia 11 June 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Caio Augusto Garcia Ribeiro (cabecapequena@gmail.com) on 2018-08-02T00:52:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RibeiroCaio-FEB-2018.pdf: 5387665 bytes, checksum: 45fcc05a73039b3f0dc0abc7ea10d407 (MD5) / Rejected by Minervina Teixeira Lopes null (vina_lopes@bauru.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: - corrigir data de defesa; - inserir Ata de Defesa em substituição a Ata de Qualificação. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-08-02T16:56:48Z (GMT) / Submitted by Caio Augusto Garcia Ribeiro (cabecapequena@gmail.com) on 2018-08-02T18:17:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RibeiroCaio-FEB-2018.pdf: 5361717 bytes, checksum: 4fc2f5302908b269a3ebe3ecc8d0821f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Minervina Teixeira Lopes null (vina_lopes@bauru.unesp.br) on 2018-08-02T18:43:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_cag_me_bauru.pdf: 5338756 bytes, checksum: 867db632d4c47abc4ed6f4626038d817 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T18:43:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_cag_me_bauru.pdf: 5338756 bytes, checksum: 867db632d4c47abc4ed6f4626038d817 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O ar-condicionado tem-se tornado um dos grandes responsáveis pelo aumento da demanda de energia elétrica no Brasil e no mundo, pois com o desenvolvimento econômico combinado a redução de preço dos equipamentos de ar-condicionados, mais residências e comércios os utilizam em busca de conforto térmico. Mas o uso pode acarretar em um aumento considerável na conta de energia, já que o ar-condicionado é o aparelho doméstico com alto consumo de energia. A solução imediata apontada por Sivak (2009) e Shan et al. (2013) para que o crescimento do uso de arcondicionado não provoque uma crise energética no mundo seria desenvolver aparelhos com a mesma qualidade de refrigeração dos atuais, mas que consumiriam bem menos energia. O aparelho mais utilizado em residências, pequenos comércios e escritórios, é o split system, com o evaporador do tipo Hi-wall, equipamento que tem algumas limitações em relação a sua distribuição de ar, que provoca bolsões de ar quente e frio no mesmo ambiente, além de provocar desconfortos localizados. O controle desse evaporador é baseado na temperatura de retorno, ou seja, se a temperatura no retorno não atingir a temperatura estabelecida o mesmo opera em sua potência máxima por um tempo maior que o necessário, desperdiçando assim energia elétrica, ou a temperatura pode ser alcançada antes no retorno do que no ambiente, provocando assim desconforto térmico por mais tempo. Assim, será proposta neste trabalho uma solução numérica, utilizando um código CFD, a partir das equações diferencias de energia combinada com as equações de Navier–Stokes, em um modelo turbulento semi empírico k-epsilon de duas equações, considerando as três dimensões. Partindo de um caso padrão foram outros 11 casos alterando a altura do evaporador e o ângulo de insuflamento. Com os resultados pôde-se avaliar qual dos 11 casos foi mais eficiente do ponto de vista energético o qual produz melhor conforto térmico, para assim avaliar melhorias que podem ser aplicadas no evaporador hi-wall. / Air conditioning has become one of the main factors responsible for the increase in the electric demand in Brazil and in the world, since with economic development combined with the price reduction of air conditioning equipment, more residences and businesses use them to reach thermal comfort. But the use can lead to a considerable increase in the energy bill, since air conditioning is the household appliance with a high energy consumption. The immediate solution pointed out by Sivak (2009) and Shah et al. (2013), so that the growth of the use of air conditioning does not cause an energy crisis in the world, would be to develop devices with the same quality of refrigeration of the present, but that would consume much less energy. The most commonly devices used in residence, small shops and offices, are Split System, whit a high wall as internal unit, this evaporator has some limitations in the air distribution, which causes hot and cold zones in the same environment, as well as causing localized discomfort. The evaporator control is based on the return temperature, so if the return temperature does not reach the set temperature, the Air Conditioner will operate at its maximum power for a time longer than necessary, thus wasting electrical energy or the set temperature can be reached before in the evaporator than in the environment, thus causing thermal discomfort for longer. Thus, a numerical solution, using a CFD code, will be proposed using the energy-difference equations combined with the Navier-Stokes equations, considering a turbulent flow based in a semi-empirical k-epsilon turbulent model of two equations, considering the three dimensions. And using a model as standard, another 11 models were simulated by changing the height of the evaporator and the angle of inflation. With the results, it can be evaluated which of the 12 cases is more energy efficient and which causes better thermal comfort. And than identify improvements that can be applied in hi-wall units.
128

Avaliação da percepção da sensação térmica em uma sala de controle

Grandi, Mariele Stefani January 2006 (has links)
Este trabalho aborda a avaliação da percepção do conforto térmico em uma sala de controle, tendo como objetivo identificar quais os fatores que influenciam na sensação térmica dos operadores e se esta sensação difere estatisticamente entre os quatro turnos de trabalho. Foram medidas as variáveis ambientais (temperatura do ar, temperatura média radiante, umidade do ar e velocidade do ar), levantadas as variáveis pessoais (vestimenta e taxa metabólica) e aplicados questionários para coletar as sensações térmicas dos operadores a cada 1 hora. A taxa metabólica foi estimada em função da atividade, conforme os valores tabelados pela ASHRAE (2001), mas tal estimação pode apresentar imprecisões devido às diferenças individuais e às condições fisiológicas do ser humano, que são influenciadas pelo ritmo circadiano. O isolamento térmico médio das vestimentas foi de 0,5 a 0,8clo, sendo que os valores mais elevados ocorreram no turno da madrugada. Devido ao controle ambiental térmico da sala, a temperatura média do ar ao longo do dia permaneceu dentro de limites muito próximos. A sensação térmica predominantemente relatada pelos operadores, foi neutra, isto é, nem frio nem calor. Apenas em alguns períodos, principalmente no turno da madrugada, foi relatado desconforto devido ao frio. Não houve diferença significativa entre os resultados de conforto para os diferentes turnos de trabalho, mas o assunto merece estudos mais aprofundados. Os valores de PMV apresentaram baixa correlação estatística com as sensações relatadas pelos operadores, provavelmente em função dos valores da taxa metabólica e do isolamento térmico das vestimentas serem tabelados e não se ajustarem ao ambiente de trabalho. Devido a esta baixa correlação, a Anova não paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis foi utilizada permitindo identificar que a temperatura do ar, a temperatura média radiante, a umidade do ar e a vestimenta utilizada influenciaram a sensação térmica dos operadores. Tendo em vista que o PMV não predisse a sensação térmica dos usuários, conclui-se que ele não é um bom parâmetro para uso em projetos de ambiente construído. / This present work approachs the evaluation of thermal comfort perception inside a control room, having the specific goal to identify which factors are important to the worker’s thermal sensation and if this sensation differs statistically among the four shifts work. Each environmental parameter (air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity and air velocity) were measured. The personal variables (clothing insulation and metabolic rate) were evaluated and questionnaires were applied to collect worker’s thermal sensation each hour. The metabolic rate was estimated through the activity, according to the ASHRAE table (2001). This estimative might not be precise due to individual differences and to physiological conditions of the human being, which are influenced by the circadian rhythm. The clothing insulation was 0,5 to 0,8 clo, and the highest values occurred in the early hours of the morning. Owing to the environmental control of the room, the mean air temperature through the day did not have significant changes. The thermal sensation predominantly reported by the workers was neutral, that is, neither cold nor warm. Only in a few periods, especially in the early hours of the morning, was related discomfort because of the cold. There is not a significative difference among the comfort results for the different shifts work, but the topic deserves deeper studies. The PMV values no small statistic correlation with the sensations related by the workers, probably due to the values of the metabolic rate and to the clothing insulation be tabled and were not to adjustable to the work environment. As a result of this weak correlation, the Kruskal-Wallis non parametric Anova was used to identify that air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air relative humidity and clothing insulation influenced the worker’s thermal sensation. Considering that the PMV did not predict the worker’s thermal sensation, the data suggest that the PMV is not a good parameter to be used in projects of buildings.
129

Análise do desempenho térmico de edificações escolares : estudo de caso do Centro de Educação Profissional do Vale do Caí e da Escola de Ensino Fundamental Frei Pacífico

Tubelo, Renata Camboim Salatino January 2011 (has links)
A pesquisa analisa o desempenho térmico de duas edificações escolares distintas, o Centro de Educação Profissional do Vale do Caí e a Escola de Ensino Fundamental Frei Pacífico, localizados em municipalidades também distintas e compostos por tipologia arquitetônica e orientação solar similares. Método: Os dois casos estudados tiveram o seu desempenho analisado pelo método de medição in loco, com coleta horária das variáveis de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, fazendo uso de data loggers. A amostra foi composta por uma sala de aula, em cada ambiente de ensino. Objetivos: Foram objetivos desta pesquisa: caracterizar os estudos de caso; calcular as propriedades térmicas dos fechamentos; apontar distinções no procedimento de coleta de dados; analisar o desempenho térmico das salas estudadas, considerando o período de medições e o período de ocupação; e comparar dados climáticos das municipalidades com os dados climáticos de Porto Alegre. As análises foram estruturadas por estações do ano, com análise de temperatura (incluindo atraso e amortecimento térmico) e umidade relativa do ar. Auxiliaram nas análises de dados, a metodologia de análise de graus-hora e a carta bioclimática proposta por Givoni. Foram realizadas análises considerando o período de medições e o período de ocupação das escolas. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram um desempenho mais satisfatório para o Centro de Educação Profissional do Vale do Caí, o que pode ser atribuído à inércia térmica e às propriedades térmicas dos fechamentos deste edifício, mesmo tendo apresentado oscilações maiores de temperatura e umidade relativa. A análise dos dados climáticos das municipalidades permitiu identificar algumas similaridades com os do município de Porto Alegre, embora a proximidade deste com massas d’água tenham demonstrado interferência considerável na amplitude térmica e na umidade relativa do ar. / The research examines the thermal performance of two different school buildings, Vale do Caí Professional Education Center and Frei Pacífico Elementary School, located in different municipalities and also composed of similar architectural style and solar orientation. Method: The two cases studied had their performance evaluated by the in situ measurement method, with hourly collected hourly rate of the variables of temperature and relative humidity, using data loggers. The sample consisted of one classroom in each teaching environment. Objectives: The objectives of this research: were to characterize the case studies; to calculate the thermal properties of the elements; to point out distinctions in the procedure of collecting data; to analyze the thermal performance of the classrooms studied, considering the measurement period and the period of occupation; and comparing climatic data of municipalities to the climate data from Porto Alegre. The analysis was structured by seasons, with analysis of temperature (including thermal delay and thermal damping) and relative humidity, to help the data analysis methodology degree-hours and bioclimatic chart proposed by Givoni. There were analyses considering the measurement period and the period of school occupation. Results: The results showed a more satisfactory performance for Vale do Caí Professional Education Center, which can be attributed to thermal inertia and thermal properties of the closures of the building, though it had the highest swings in temperature and relative humidity. The analysis of climate data of the municipalities identified some similarities with that of the city of Porto Alegre, although the proximity of masses of water to the later, demonstrated considerable interference in the temperature and relative humidity ranges.
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Efeito do ambiente biomicroclimático sobre o desempenho de aves de postura, um estudo realizado indoor na região de União dos Palmares, Alagoas / Effect of the bioclimatico environment on the performance of birds of position in the União dos Palmares region, Alagoas

Bento, Fabio Muniz de Holanda 12 November 2010 (has links)
This study evaluated the effects of bioclimatic environment in the creation of laying hens in sheds on growth performance and feed intake. It is true that in tropical regions, like northeast Brazil, the high temperature and humidity, especially in summer, have been shown to be factors that significantly affect production, including the quality of eggs. To identify the micro climate of sheds, we developed an experiment, conducted in a commercial chicken broiler Carnauba set, located in the União dos Palmares, Alagoas state during periods of 08 November 2008 to March 27 2009. Sampling started on November 07 2008 bioclimatic with using strain animals DEKALB WHITE, with 18 weeks of age during the dry period. We monitored and assessed thermal conditions through sensors meter of air temperature and relative humidity. These meteorological data were developed calculations and analysis of Indices of comfort for chicken s postures, UTI Index (temperature and humidity) and H (enthalpy). For productive performance, we analyzed the production and egg weight and feed intake. It was verified the need for improvements in the internal environment of the house, introducing equipment that minimizes the thermal stress that was observed mainly in the hottest hours of the day. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / Esta pesquisa avaliou os efeitos do ambiente bioclimático na criação de aves de postura em galpões sobre desempenho produtivo e no consumo de ração. É certo que em regiões de clima tropical, a exemplo do nordeste do Brasil, os altos valores de temperatura e umidade do ar, principalmente no verão, têm se mostrado como fatores que afetam significativamente a produção, incluindo a qualidade dos ovos. Visando identificar o micro clima de galpões, foi desenvolvido um Experimento, conduzido em uma granja comercial de poedeiras do Grupo Carnaúba, localizada no município de União dos Palmares, estado de Alagoas durante os períodos, de 08 de novembro de 2008 a 27 de março de 2009. As amostragens bioclimáticas iniciaram no dia 07/11/2008, com utilizando-se animais da linhagem DEKALB WHITE, com 18 semanas de idade, durante o período seco. Foram monitoradas e avaliadas as condições térmicas através de sensores medidores da temperatura do ar e umidade relativa do ar. Esses dados meteorológicos desenvolveram-se cálculos e análises dos índices de conforto para galinhas de posturas, ITU (Índice de Temperatura e Umidade) e H (Entalpia). Para o desempenho produtivo das aves, analisou-se a produção e peso dos ovos e o consumo de ração. Foi verificada a necessidade de melhoramento no ambiente interno do galpão com introdução de equipamentos que minimize o estresse térmico que foi observado principalmente nas horas mais quentes do dia.

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