Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research investigates guidelines for a supervision programme for social workers in the service of the Provincial Administration Western Cape, Department of Social Services and Poverty Alleviation. In practice social work supervision is done at the organizations to develop young social workers' knowledge, skills and attitudes. This will enable them to develop professionally and to work independently. At the Department of Social Services and Poverty Alleviation supervision is also done with newly appointed social workers to empower them to work independently. Supervision in social work is 'n specialized method that enquires specific knowledge and skills. Effective and structured supervision's aim is to better the service rendering to the client. The Department of Social Services' vision and mission is also aimed at the best service rendering to their clients. The Department of Social Services and Poverty Alleviation has the problem that there is no guidelines to structure the supervision process. There for this research is aimed at the necessacity of guidelines for the practicing of social work supervision to get the results of better service rendering to the clients. To give the guidelines, there was a focus in this research report that includes 'n thorough literature study that describes the Department of Social Services and Poverty Alleviation's structure and the way supervision has been done up till this moment. The nature of supervision is also looked at in a theoretical way to broaden the knowledge of how supervision is supposed to be done. The empirical research involved the use of both qualitative an quantitative methods to explore the theoretical part of the research. An explo The fmdings of this study can be used as guidelines in the development of a supervision programme for social workers in the service of the Department of Social Services and Poverty Alleviation. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing ondersoek riglyne vir 'n supervisieprogram vir maatskaplike werkers in diens van die Provinsiale Administrasie Wes-Kaap, Department Maatskaplike Dienste en Armoedeverligting. Maatskaplikewerk-supervisie word in die praktyk by organisasies beoefen ten einde jong maatskaplike werkers se kennis, vaardighede en houdings te ontwikkel om die maatskaplike werkers instaat te stel om professioneel te ontwikkel en onafhanklik te werk. By die Departement Maatskaplike Dienste en Armoedeverligting word nuwe maatskaplike werkers ook onderwerp aan supervisie ten einde hulle te bemagtig om onafhanklik hul werk te verrig. Maatskaplikewerk-supervisie is 'n gespesialiseerde metode wat spesifieke kennis en vaardighede vereis. Effektiewe, gestruktureerde supervisie het ten doel beter dienslewering aan die kliëntsisteem. Die Departement Maatskaplike Dienste se visie, missie en beginsels is daarop gerig om die kliëntsisteem van die beste dienste te voorsien. Die Departement Maatskaplike Dienste en Armoedeverligting se dilemma lê juis hierin dat daar nie 'n handleiding met riglyne bestaan ten einde gestruktureerde supervisie te doen nie. Hierdie navorsing is gerig op die noodsaaklikheid van riglyne vir die beoefening van maatskaplikewerk-supervisie ten einde kliëntediens te verbeter. Ten einde riglyne daar te stel, fokus die literatuurstudie op 'n bespreking van die struktuur van die Departement Maatskaplike Dienste en Armoedeverligting en die wyse waarop maatskaplikewerk-supervisie binne hierdie struktuur verrig word. Die aard van supervisie word ook teoreties bespreek ten einde teoretiese kennis uit te brei oor hoe supervisie behoort gedoen te word. Die teoretiese deel van die verslag word uitgebrei in die empiriese ondersoek, deur ontleding en bespreking van die resultate van die ondersoek. 'n Verkennende studie is benut en beide kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe metodes is gebruik om die inligting van respondente te bekom. Die bevindinge en resultate van die ondersoek is geanaliseer en vergelyk met die literatuur en sekere aanbevelings is gemaak. Die bevindinge van hiedie studie kan as riglyn gebruik word vir die samestelling van 'n supervisieprogram vir maatskaplike werkers in diens van die Departement Maatskaplike Dienste en Armoedeverligting.

Thesis (MSocialWork)--Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to develop a theoretical and practical framework which can be utilised as a guideline for performance appraisal of occupational social workers employed by local authorities within the Cape Metropole. The study was preceded by a comprehensive literature study whereby the term performance appraisal was explained, the necessity and purpose of performance evaluation, were identified. Furthermore, the characteristics of performance appraisal in social work have been described. These characteristics serve as a basis for this study. An empirical study was then undertaken, which entailed an exploratory study to achieve the aim of this study. The social workers, who are employed by the local authorities within the Cape Metropole, were included in the study. The study was conducted by means of a group administrative questionnaire. Occupational social work is regarded as a relatively new area of specialisation in social work and very little has been written about it. Therefore a brief overview of occupational social work is provided, with specific reference to the U.S.A., Europe and South Africa. Furthermore emphasis is placed on the structural and functional characteristics of an organisation that influences occupational social work. The nature and scope of the social worker's service rendering, as well as the knowledge and skills that is required to render effective services, is discussed. The evaluation of work performance of social workers, the frequency thereof and the persons involved therein, were investigated to determine the nature and scope of the performance appraisal systems that are implemented. Performance appraisal requires the participation of both the supervisor and the social worker. The nature of communication during performance evaluation was identified and the manner in which communication should take place were also obtained. Social workers' opinions in terms of the manner in which they should be allowed to participate during supervision and performance appraisal were also obtained. Social workers' opinions of the valuable aspects of performance appraisal were explored to determine the value of performance evaluation for them. Hence it could be deduced that they experience performance appraisal as valuable and that they have insight into the fact that performance appraisal could contribute to their professional development. The social workers' opinions in terms of the type of principles that should be implemented during performance appraisal were also explored and the outcome of the study showed that the same principles as identified in the literature, are also viewed as important to them. The respondents' opinions in terms of the importance of guidelines for performance evaluation and that it should be conducted in terms of a specific process has been explored, and the results of the study showed that the respondents were positive about the use of guidelines for performance appraisal, which should amongst others include the utilisation of an educational model, evaluation and program. In conclusion, the responses from the occupational social workers of local authorities in the Cape Metropole are discussed and compared with relevant literature. This serves as basis for the recommendations that are made and can be utilised to establish guidelines for performance appraisal for social workers at local authorities within the Cape Metropole. The most important recommendation is that management of local government should utilise the results of this study to establish guidelines for performance appraisal for their occupational social workers. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om 'n teoretiese en praktiese raamwerk daar te stel wat as riglyn benut kan word vir prestasiebeoordeling van bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers by plaaslike owerhede binne die Kaapse Metropool. 'n Omvattende literatuurstudie is ten aanvang van die studie gedoen en hiertydens is die noodsaaklikheid en doel van prestasiebeoordeling in maatskaplike werk geïdentifiseer. Verder is die eienskappe wat prestasiebeoordeling in maatskaplike werk kenmerk, beskryf. Hierdie kenmerke dien as onderbou vir die studie. Na die literatuurstudie is 'n empiriese studie onderneem wat behels het dat 'n verkennende studie gedoen is. Die bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers in diens van die plaaslike owerhede binne die Kaapse Metropool is by die ondersoek betrek. Groepgeadministreerde vraelyste is as ondersoekmetode gebruik. Bedryfs-maatskaplike werk word beskou as 'n relatief jong spesialiteitsveld van maatskaplike werk en daar is nog min daaroor geskryf. Daarom word 'n beknopte historiese oorsig van bedryfs-maatskaplike werk gegee met spesifieke verwysing na die VSA, Europa en Suid-Afrika. Verder is daar klem gelê op die strukturele en funksionele eienskappe van organisasies wat bedryfs-maatskaplike werk beïnvloed. Die aard van die dienslewering van die bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers, sowel as die kennis en vaardighede waaroor hulle behoort te beskik, word ook bespreek. Die evaluering van die maatskaplike werkers se werkverrigting, die frekwensie daarvan en die persone daarby betrokke is ondersoek om die aard en omvang van die implementering van 'n stelsel van prestasiebeoordeling te bepaal. Prestasiebeoordeling vereis dat die supervisor en die maatskaplike werker aan prestasiebeoordeling moet deelneem. Die bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers se menings ten opsigte van die redes waarom werkverrigting nie geëvalueer word nie, is ook vasgestel. Die aard van kommunikasie wat tydens die implementering van prestasiebeoordeling gebruik word, is derhalwe geïdentifiseer, en die wyse waarop kommunikasie behoort uitgevoer te word is ondersoek. Die wyse waarop die maatskaplike werkers geleentheid tot deelname aan supervisie en prestasiebeoordeling behoort te verkry, is ook bepaal. Die waarde wat prestasiebeoordeling vir die maatskaplike werker inhou, is ondersoek deur die bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers se menings oor die aspekte wat tydens prestasiebeoordeling vir hulle waarde inhou, vas te stel. Hieruit kan afgelei word dat die bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers prestasiebeoordeling as waardevol beskou en insig openbaar in die feit dat prestasiebeoordeling tot verbeterde werkverrigting en tot hulle professionele ontwikkeling kan bydra. Die respondente se opinie oor die soort beginsels in prestasiebeoordeling is ondersoek en die resultate van die studie was dat dieselfde beginsels as wat in die literatuur geïdentifiseer word, ook deur hulle as belangrik beskou is. Die bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers se menings ten opsigte van die noodsaaklikheid van riglyne vir prestasiebeoordeling en dat dit volgens 'n proses behoort te geskied, is ook vasgestel. Daar is bevind dat die maatskaplike werkers positief ingestel is ten opsigte van die gebruik van 'n stelsel wat die benutting van 'n onderrigmodel, -evaluering en -program insluit en wat sal geskied volgens bepaalde riglyne vir prestasiebeoordeling. Ten slotte word die response van die bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers van die plaaslike owerhede binne die Kaapse Metropool bespreek en vergelyk met relevante literatuur. Dit dien as basis vir die aanbevelings wat gemaak word. Hierdie aanbevelings kan benut word om riglyne daar te stel vir prestasiebeoordeling van bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers by plaaslike owerhede binne die Kaapse Metropool. Die vernaamste aanbeveling is dat die Plaaslike Owerheid die resultate van die studie moet benut om riglyne vir prestasiebeoordeling van bedryfs-maatskaplike werkers saam te stel.

Thesis (MSocialWork)--Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research originated from the researcher's interest in the effect of high-risk pregnancy, premature birth and infancy on the emotional well-being of parents. The research undertaken particularly focused on exploring the psychosocial experiences of parents with a premature infant. The study aimed at investigating various social work intervention strategies that can be applied to address the problematic factors parents with a premature infant are confronted with. The purpose of this research is to provide a theoretical knowledge basis, in order to set guidelines for social work intervention, to ensure effective service rendering to parents with premature infants. The research report includes a review of the literature discussing premature labour and birth, the premature infant and the psychosocial experiences of parents. Social work in health care, kangaroo care, crisis intervention, family therapy and grief counselling are also discussed to create a theoretical knowledge basis in order to serve as a guideline for social workers, to ensure effective and efficient social work service rendering to parents with a premature infant. The empirical research involved the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the psychosocial experiences of parents and the effectiveness of social work intervention. The population admitted in the Military hospital during the period 2001 to 2003 consisted of +- 60 cases. To enable the researcher to conduct the research study 50% of the overall population was used which resulted in a sample of 20 respondents consulted in the period 2002 to 2003. The respondents were invited to a group meeting where questionnaires, which included open-ended and closed questions, were used to collect the data. The results obtained were analyzed and compared to relevant literature in order to assess the reliability of the research. Conclusions were drawn and recommendations were offered from the findings of the study. The fmdings of this study serve as a guideline for professionals, specifically social workers in the medical setting, to be able to render an effective service to parents with a premature infant. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oorsprong van hierdie navorsing het ontstaan na aanleiding van die navorser se belangstelling rakende die effek wat hoë-risiko swangerskap, premature kraam en die premature baba op die emosionele welstand van die ouer het. Die navorsingsondersoek fokus spesifiek daarop om die psigo-sosiale ondervindinge van ouers te verken. Die studie poog ook daarin om verskeie maatskaplike intervensiestrategieë te ondersoek wat aangewend kan word om die problematiese faktore waarmee ouers gekonfronteer word aan te spreek. Die doel van die navorsing is om 'n teoretiese kennisbasis daar te stel wat as riglyne benut kan word vir die implementering van maatskaplikewerk-intervensie ten einde 'n effektiewe diens aan ouers met premature babas te kan lewer. Die navorsingsverslag bied 'n oorsig van die literatuur waarin premature kraam, die premature baba en die psigo-sosiale ondervindinge van ouers in diepte bespreek word. Verskeie maatskaplike intervensiestrategieë word ook bespreek met verwysing na maatskaplike werk in die gesondheidsektor, kangaroosorg, krisisingryping, gesinsterapie en rouberading. Die empiriese studie sluit in die benutting van beide die kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe metodes ten einde die psigososiale ondervindings van ouers met premature babas te verken asook die effektiwiteit van maatskaplikewerk-intervensie te ondersoek. Die totaal ouers met premature babas opgeneem in die Militêre hospitaal vir die tydperk 2001 tot 2003 het +- 60 gevalle beloop. Ten einde dit dus vir die navorser moontlik te maak om die navorsingstudie te kan onderneem is 50% van die populasie betrek in die navorsingstudie waaruit 'n steekproef van 20 respondente saamgestel is met wie gekonsulteer is in die periode 2002 tot 2003. Die respondente is genooi na 'n groepvergadering waartydens vraelyste uitgedeel is om data te bekom. Oop en geslote vrae is ingesluit in die vraelyste. Die resultate en bevindinge verkry is geanaliseer en vergelyk met die literatuur om die betroubaarheid van die navorsing te toets. Gevolgtrekkinge is gemaak en aanbevelings daarop gebaseer is na aanleiding van die bevindinge van die studie aangebied. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie kan aangewend word as 'n riglyn vir professionele persone met spesifieke verwysing na maatskaplike werkers in die gesondheid sektor, om 'n effektiewe diens te kan lewer aan ouers met premature babas.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: An exploratory study was conducted to determine the psychosocial stressors of women living with HIV/AlDS. The study also included the utilisation of group work by social workers to support HIV positive women. The exploratory study was also conducted to determine HIV positive women's experiences in a support group. The researcher's interest in group work, as well as her involvement with a support group with HIV positive women, is the motivation for the study. The aim of the study is to provide an explanation of the psychosocial stressors that HIV positive women experience and also to capture their experiences regarding the support group they attend. Nine psychosocial stressors, namely anger, fear, loss, grieve, guilt, denial and disclosure, depression, suicidal behaviour and anxiety, were included in the literature study. The advantages, disadvantages and components of group work, as well as comparisons of effective and ineffective groups, were highlighted. The research also focused on planning a group for women with HIV/AlDS, with special attention given to the needs assessment, the purpose of the group, the group composition and the structure of the group. The value of group work with HIV positive women was investigated. The universum was HIV positive women at the Walvis Bay Multi-Purpose Centre. The qualitative research method that was used took the form of structured interviews. The results of this study generally confirmed the findings of the literature study. Recommendations include ways in which social workers can assist HIV positive women not only on an individual basis but also especially in a group setting, and recommendations concerning future research. The importance of future research with HIV positive women was especially recommended. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Verkennende studie is onderneem om die psigososiale stresfaktore wat HIV positiewe vroue ondervind, te bepaal. Die studie het ook maatskaplike werkers se gebruik van groepwerk om HIV positiewe vroue te ondersteun, ondersoek. Die navorsing is voorts onderneem om HIV positiewe vroue se ervarings van 'n ondersteunersgroep te bepaal. Die navorser se belangstelling in groepwerk, en haar betrokkenheid by 'n ondersteunersgroep vir HIV positiewe vroue, was die motivering om die studie te onderneem. Die doel met die studie is om die psigososiale stresfaktore wat HIV positiewe vroue ondervind, te beskryf en te verduidelik, en ook om sommige van die ervarings wat sulke vroue in 'n ondersteunersgroep ondervind, te boekstaaf. Nege psigososiale stresfaktore, naamlik woede, vrees, verlies, droefheid, skuldgevoel, ontkenning en onthulling, depressie, selfmoordgedrag en angs, is in die literatuurstudie bestudeer. Die komponente en voor- en nadele van groepwerk, asook 'n vergelyking van effektiewe en oneffektiewe groepe is ook ingesluit. Die beplanning van 'n groep vir HIV positiewe vroue is benadruk, met spesiale verwysing na die behoeftebepaling, en die doel, die samestelling en die struktuur van die groep. Die waarde van groepwerk vir HIV positiewe vroue is ook ondersoek. Die universum is HIV positiewe vroue by die Walvisbaai Multi-Purpose Centre. Die kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode wat gebruik is, is gestruktureerde onderhoude. Die resultate van die studie het in die algemeen die bevindinge van die literatuurstudie onderskryf. Aanbevelings sluit in wyses waarop maatskaplike werkers HIV positiewe vroue nie alleen op 'n individuele basis nie, maar ook in groepsverband kan ondersteun, asook moontlike gebiede vir verdere navorsing. Die belang van verdere navorsing met HIV positiewe vroue word veraI beklemtoon.

Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study attempts to investigate the sources of stress and burnout in the social work profession and specifically in mental health settings. In order to achieve this, a literature study is undertaken which identified the sources of stress and burnout as external and internal stresses. External stresses can be identified as the administrative function of supervision, the educational function of supervision, and the relationship between the supervisor, the social worker and the client, aspects in the social work profession and the organisation. The personality and gender of the social worker are discussed as internal sources of stress. Social workers' experiences of stress and burnout are explored against the background of the socio-economic and political changes after the first democratic election in 1994 in South Africa. The literature review also indicated that there are peculiar stresses in mental health settings due to the clients' mental conditions. An exploratory study was undertaken in which 17 social workers in the Peninsula, working in mental health settings, participated. Information on the research topic was obtained by means of anonymous questionnaires. A group interview was arranged to ensure that all the questionnaires were received. It was found that since the 1994 democratic election, social workers worked under more stressful circumstances due to limited resources, restructuring, decreased manpower, a higher caseload, deinstitutionalisation of mental patients and an increased amount of uncertainty with regard to job security. Aspects in the social work profession that caused the most stress were identified as insufficient salaries and limited opportunities for promotion. The participants revealed uncertainty with regard to their future in the social work profession. Social workers acknowledge the importance of the supportive function of supervision but are also of the opinion that individuals should take responsibility to address burnout. Strategies that can be used by the social worker, the organisation and the supervisor to address burnout, are discussed. On the basis of the results and conclusion of the study, recommendations are made to supervisors, as well as further research. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie word ondersoek ingestel na die bronne van stres en uitbranding in die maatskaplikewerkberoep en spesifiek in 'n geestesgesondheidsopset. Ten einde hierin te slaag, word 'n literatuurstudie onderneem en word die bronne van stres en uitbranding geïdentifiseer as eksterne stressors soos byvoorbeeld die administratiewe funksie van supervisie, die onderrrigfunksie van supervisie, die verhouding tussen die supervisor en die maatskaplike werker, die klientsisteem, aspekte in die maatskaplikewerkberoep en die organisasie, en interne stressors waaronder die maatskaplike werker se persoonlikheid en geslag bespreek is. Die sosio-ekonomiese en politieke veranderinge wat ingetree het na die eerste demokratiese verkiesing in 1994 in Suid-Afrika is in ag geneem en maatskaplike werkers se belewing van stres en uitbranding is teen hierdie agtergrond verder ge-eksploreer. Die literatuurstudie dui aan dat eiesoortige stressors in 'n geestesgesondheidsopset bestaan wat hoofsaaklik verband hou met die unieke kliëntsisteem en hul siektestoestand. 'n Verkennende studie is onderneem waartydens maatskaplike werkers in die skiereiland wat in 'n geestesgesondheidsopset werk, betrek is. Inligting is bekom deur middel van anonieme vraelyste. 'n Groeponderhoud het verseker dat al die vraelyste terug ontvang is. Daar is bevind dat maatskaplike werkers onder meer stresvolle omstandighede voor die 1994 verkiesing vanwee beperkte hulpbronne, herstrukturering, verminderde mannekrag, verhoogde gevalleladings, deïnstitusionalisering van pasiënte en groter onsekerheid met betrekking tot werksekuriteit. Aspekte in die maatskaplikewerkberoep wat die meeste stres veroorsaak is onder andere onvoldoende vergoeding en beperkte bevorderingsgeleenthede. Die respondente weerspieël 'n onsekerheid met betrekking tot hul toekoms in die beroep. Maatskaplike werkers erken die belangrikheid van die ondersteuningsfunksie in supervisie, maar is ook van mening dat individue 'n verantwoordelikheid het om self uitbranding aan te spreek. Strategieë wat die maatskaplike werker, die organisasie en die supervisor kan aanwend om uitbranding aan te spreek word derhalwe bespreek. In die lig van die bevindinge van die ondersoek, word aanbevelings aan supervisors gemaak ten opsigte van verdere navorsing.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Until very recent people with disabilities in South Africa were an overlooked and under-utilised pool of labour. Disabled people have been denied the chance to participate in employment opportunities by becoming economically active and hence contributing towards the economy of the country. This is because employers were seldom or never exposed to the employment of disabled people in the open labour market. The result is that employers are uninformed about the benefits of recruiting disabled candidates. Since the establishment of a new democratic order in South Africa in 1994, new legislation that protects the rights of disabled people was implemented. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (No 108 of 1996), the Labour Relations Act (No 66 of 1995) and the Employment Equity Act (No 55 of 1998) for the first time proclaimed that it is unlawful to discriminate against people with disabilities. The Employment Equity Act (No 55 of 1998) encourages employers to employ persons from designated groups. These designated groups are black people, women and people with disabilities. To enable employers to successfully recruit disabled people in the open labour market, existing recruitment and selection procedures should be reviewed to remove any discriminatory elements. It is during the recruitment and selection process that the disabled applicant are either denied access to employment or not given a fair chance to compete for a position. Currently the Employment Equity Act (No 55 of 1998) only mentions the terms "people with disabilities" and "reasonable accommodation". This Act does not provide guidelines for employers on how to go about recruiting and employing disabled candidates. Therefore the aim of the study is to present practical guidelines regarding the employment of people with disabilities. These guidelines describe in a non-discriminatory manner the recruitment and selection process, such as reviewing job descriptions, the advertisement of positions, interpreting the disabled candidates' curriculum vitae and interviewing the disabled applicant. The idea of reasonable accommodation within the workplace highlights the use and benefits of assistive devices for disabled persons so that the essential functions of a job can be performed. Exploratory-descriptive research was done with the assistance of questionnaires as an instrument for data collection. To meet the aims of this study, an availability sample of 20 businesses (small, medium and large businesses) which also included government departments in the Cape Metropolitan area was selected. The opinions and attitudes of human resources staff and business owners concerning the recruitment of physically disabled people, persons with hearing impairments, persons with visual impairments and persons suffering from epilepsy, were determined. The research findings reflected and discussed in this study indicate that employers do not have recruitment and selection guidelines available to recruit persons with different disabilities successfully. Conclusions and recommendations are made regarding the knowledge and opinions of employers recruiting people with disabilities. The use of recruitment and selection guidelines will benefit both the employer and the disabled candidate. Such guidelines will enable employers to recruit disabled persons in a fair and consistent manner. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tot onlangs was persone met gestremdhede in Suid Afrika onderbenut in die arbeidsmag. Gestremde persone is verhoed om deel te neem aan werksgeleenthede en kon dus nie aktiewe bydraes lewer tot die ekonomie van die land nie. Die rede hiervoor is omdat werkgewers selde of nooit blootgestel is aan die indiensneming van gestremde persone in die ope arbeidsmark nie. Die gevolg is dat werkgewers onkundig en oningelig is oor die voordele wat die indiensneming van persone met gestremdhede bied. Sedert die ontstaan van 'n nuwe demokratiese bedeling in 1994, is nuwe wetgewing daargestel wat die regte van persone met gestremdhede beskerm. Die Konstitusie van die Republiek van Suid Afrika (Nr 108 van 1996), die nuwe Arbeidswet (Nr 66 van 1995) en die Gelyke Indiensnemingwet (Nr 55 van 1998) het vir die eerste keer verklaar dat dit onwettig is om te diskrimineer teen gestremde persone. Die Gelyke Indiensnemingswet (Nr 55 van 1995) moedig werkgewers aan om persone van agtergeblewe groepe in diens te neem. Hierdie agtergeblewe groepe sluit in swart persone, vroue en persone met gestremdhede. Om werkgewers in staat te stel om persone met gestremdhede suksesvol te werf, behoort huidige werwings- en keuringsprosedures hersien te word ten einde diskriminerende faktore te elirnineer. Dit is tydens die keuringsproses dat persone met gestremdhede of verhoed word, of die regverdige kans gegun word om te kompeteer vir 'n betrekking. Die Gelyke Indiensnemingswet (Nr 55 van 1998) noem slegs die terme "persone met gestremdhede" en "redelike voorsorg". Hierdie wet verskaf nie riglyne aan werkgewers oor hoe om werwing en keuring van persone met gestremdhede te behartig nie. Die doelwit van die studie is dus om praktiese riglyne aangaande aanstelling van persone met gestremdhede daar te stel. Hierdie riglyne beskryf die wyse van werwing en keuring op 'n niediskriminerende wyse, soos die hersiening van posbeskrywings, advertensies van betrekkings, die interpretering van gestremde persone se curriculum vitae en die voer van onderhoude met gestremde applikante. Redelike voorsorg beklemtoon die gebruik en voordele van hulpmiddels vir persone met gestremdhede sodat die essensiele werksfunksies verrig kan word. Verkennende beskrywende navorsing is gedoen met behulp van vraelyste om inligting te bekom. Vir die doelwitte van hierdie studie is 'n beskikbaarheidsmonster van 20 besighede (klein, medium en groot besighede), wat regeringsdepartemente ingesluit het in die Kaapse Metropolitaanse gebied gekies. Die menings en opinies van menslike hulpbronne personeel, en besigheidseienaars rakende die werwing van persone met fisiese gestremdhede, persone met gehoorgestremdhede, persone met gesigsgestremdhede asook persone wat aan epilepsie Iy, is vasgestel. Die navorsingresultate van hierdie studie dui aan dat werkgewers tans nie werwings- en keuringsriglyne benut wanneer persone met gestremdhede in diens geneem word nie. Gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings oor die menings van werkgewers rakende die werwing van gestremde persone, is gemaak. Die gebruik van werwings en keuringsriglyne behoort beide die werkgewer en die gestremde kandidaat te bevoordeel. Hierdie riglyne sal werkgewers in staat stel om persone met gestremdhede op 'n regverdige en eenvormige wyse aan te stel.

Thesis (MSocialWork)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This exploratory and applied study was undertaken to compile a generalized profile, understand the target group's needs and to formulate a set of directives for an intervention program for adolescent children of alcoholics. The Christian Action for Dependence (CAD) views alcoholism as a factor that affects every member of the household and adopts a systemic approach for solving this problem. An earlier study proofed that the organization does not provide sufficiently for the intervention of adolescent children whose parents are members of the self-help groups. In order to address this shortcoming, the Teencads (Teenage Christian Action for Dependence) was established in 1997. It functioned as a penfriend's club. The current study was prompted by the need for greater clarity in planning programs for a group like Teencads. A literature study was undertaken to assess the effect of parental alcoholism on adolescents. The research focused on the developmental tasks of adolescence; looked into the child's emotional reaction to parental alcoholism; highlighted the child's reaction in respect of different relationships and determined the effect of parental alcoholism on the academic performance of the child as well as the connection between parental alcoholism and pathological behavior of the child. Classical adaptive behavior by the children of alcoholics was studied by focusing on the contrast between observed behavior and the adolescent's underlying emotional reaction to parental alcoholism. The purpose of the literature study was to look for effective methods of intervention and intervention strategies, and to examine the aims and objectives of international programs that are currently being implemented. The empirical study focused on the CAD in the Western- and Southern-Cape. Twenty seven adolescents were selected by cluster sampling and the snowball technique. They completed a questionnaire that was compiled from the studied literature. The results of the empirical study strengthened the hypothesis that parental alcoholism has a negative effect on the development of adolescents and that social work intervention is a matter of urgency. Based on the results of the study, the researcher proposed policy guidelines for intervention programs for adolescents in the CAD. Guidelines and suggestions for such programs have been formulated. The recommendations of this study are applicable to adolescent children of all alcoholics. Organizations other than the CAD, as well as other social workers, will be able to use these recommendations in the formulation of intervention programs for adolescent children of alcoholics. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Verkennende en beskrywende studie is onderneem om 'n veralgemeenbare profiel van die adolessente kinders van alkoholiste vas te stel, asook om te bepaal wat die behoeftes van hierdie teikengroep ten opsigte van 'n intervensieprogram is. Die uiteindelike doel van die ondersoek was om riglyne vir 'n intervensieprogram ten opsigte van adolessente kinders van alkoholiste te formuleer. Die Christelike Afhanklikheidsdiens (CAD) werk vanuit 'n sistemiese benadering en beskou alkoholisme as 'n probleem wat elke lid van die gesin beïnvloed. 'n Voorafondersoek het bewys dat die organisasie nie voldoende voorsiening maak vir intervensie van adolessente kinders wie se ouers lede van die selfhelpgroepe is nie. In 'n poging om hierdie leemte aan te spreek, is die Teencads (Tiener Christelike Afhanklikheidsdiens) in 1997 gestig en funksioneer dit onder leiding van die ondersoeker as 'n penvriendeklub vir hierdie teikengroep. 'n Behoefte aan meer rigting en duidelikheid ten opsigte van programinhoud, het hierdie ondersoek genoop. 'n Literatuurstudie is onderneem om die invloed van ouer-alkoholisme op adolessente te bepaal. Tydens die ondersoek is die ontwikkelingstake van die adolessente lewensfase in ag geneem; die kind se emosionele reaksie op oueralkoholisme ondersoek; die kind se reaksie in verskillende verhoudings waargeneem; die invloed van ouer-alkoholisme op akademiese prestasie en die verband tussen ouer-alkoholisme en patalogiese gedrag by adolessente vasgestel. Die klassieke aanpassingsrolle wat kinders van alkoholiste vertolk is ondersoek deurdat die navorser spesifiek op die kontras tussen waargenome gedrag en onderliggende emosies by die adolessent klem gelê het. In aansluiting by die doel van die navorsing is daar tydens die literatuurondersoek gefokus op die doelwitte vir 'n effektiewe intervensieprogram; metodes van intervensie; intervensiestrategieë, asook op die inhoud en intervensiemetodes van bestaande internasionale programme. Die empiriese ondersoek was op die CAD in die Wes- en Suid-Kaap gerig. Daar is 27 adolessente deur trossteekproeftrekking en 'n sneeubaltegniek geselekteer om 'n vraelys, gebasseer op die literatuurondersoek, te voltooi. Die resultate van die empiriese ondersoek bevestig die navorser se hipotese dat ouer-alkoholisme 'n negatiewe invloed op die ontwikkeling van adolessente het en dat maatskaplikewerk-intervensie noodsaaklik is. Op grond van die ondersoek en resultate, is 'n beleidsraamwerk ten opsigte van 'n intervensieprogram met kinders van alkoholiste, spesifiek vir die CAD geformuleer en volledige en omvattende riglyne en voorstelle vir sodanige program neergelê. Die aanbevelings van hierdie ondersoek is van toepassing op adolessente kinders van alle alkoholiste en kan dus met vrug deur ander organisasies en maatskaplike werkers gebruik word.

Thesis (MSocialWork)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Finding practice education placements for undergraduate social work students is becoming increasingly difficult in the Western Cape Metropolis, because many welfare agencies have either closed down or do not have the capacity to accommodate students for field placement. As a result of this situation, this research was undertaken with the aim to investigate the feasibility of the corporate sector as a field placement for undergraduate social work students. By using the corporate sector as a field placement an opportunity can be created whereby the university and the corporate sector could establish a workable partnership, with mutual benefits for each. The corporate sector can benefit by services offered by the students in the form of case-group and community work that can be rendered to the employees. The university will benefit because a new option for student placements will become available to them. The domain of social work in the corporate sector was explored by defining occupational social work; the nature of service rendering on micro, meso and macro levels and discussing occupational social work in the 21st century. Field placements of undergraduate students in the corporate sector were examined in order to establish what the theoretical background for field placements in a corporate setting ought to be. To this end, the nature and purpose; formats; settings and key role players in field placements were explored. Social work methods in social work per se and occupational social work in general were investigated. An investigation was also made into the management of the field placement programme for undergraduate social work students in the corporate sector. The following were facets were explored: the requirements of the department of social work at the University of the Western Cape for fourth year students as well as the requirements for field placements in the corporate sector, in order to establish the suitability of the corporate sector for field placements. Existing literature and empirical findings were used to collect data for this study. Exploratory and descriptive research designs were applied in this study. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews and conclusions and recommendations were based on the findings of the study. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit word al hoe moeiliker om praktykonderrigplasings vir voorgraadse maatskaplike werk studente in die Wes-Kaapse Metropool te vind, aangesien baie welsynsagentskappe of gesluit het of nie die vermoë het om studente in posisies vir praktykonderrigplasings te akkommodeer nie. As 'n gevolg van hierdie situasie is hierdie navorsing onderneem met die doel om vas te stel of menslike hulpbron personeel binne die korporatiewe sektor gewillig sal wees om voorgraadse studente vir praktykonderrig te akkommodeer. Deur die korporatiewe sektor vir praktykonderrigplasings te gebruik, kan 'n geleentheid geskep word waardeur die universiteit en die korporatiewe sektor 'n uitvoerbare vennootskap, met wedersydse voordele vir albei, tot stand kan bring. Die korporatiewe sektor kan voordeel trek uit die dienste wat deur die studente aangebied word, soos gevalle-, groep- en gemeenskapswerk wat aan die werknemers gebied kan word. Die universiteit se voordeel sal daarin lê dat nuwe opsies vir praktykonderrigplasings vir die studente beskikbaar word. Die sfeer van maatskaplike werk in die korporatiewe sektor is ondersoek deur beroepsmaatskaplike werk en die aard van dienslewering op mikro-, meso- en makrovlakke te definieer, en deur die aard van beroepsmaatskaplike werk in die 21ste eeu te bespreek. Praktykonderrigplasings van voorgraadse studente in die korporatiewe sektor is ondersoek om te bepaal wat die teoretiese agtergrond vir praktykonderrigplasings in die korporatiewe omgewing behoort te wees. Vir hierdie doel is die aard en doel, formate, omgewings en sleutel rolspelers in praktykonderrigplasings verken. Maatskaplike werkmetodes in maatskaplike werk per se en beroepsmaatskaplike werk in die algemeen is ondersoek. 'n Ondersoek is ook gedoen na die bestuur van die praktykonderrigplasingsprogram vir voorgraadse maatskaplike werkstudente in die korporatiewe sektor. Die volgende fasette is verken: die vereistes wat die Departement Maatskaplike Werk van die Universiteit van Wes- Kaapland aan vierdejaarstudente stel, sowel as die vereistes vir praktykonderrigplasings in die korporatiewe sektor, met die doel om die gewilligheid van die korporatiewe sektor vir praktykonderrigplasings te bepaal. Bestaande literatuur en empiriese bevindings is gebruik om data vir hierdie studie te versamel. Verkennende en beskrywende navorsingsontwerpe is in hierdie studie benut. Deur middel van vraelyste en onderhoude is data versamel en afleidings en aanbevelings op grond van die bevindinge van die ondersoek is gemaak.

Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical and practical guidelines for the implementation of employee assistance programmes at the Department of Correctional Services in the Western Cape. An explorative research design was used. The historical development of occupational social work international as well as the historical development of occupational social work in the South African context was discussed. The nature and content of employee assistance programmes is also discussed. Attention was given to employee assistance programmes within the organizational context. The functions of the EAP practitioner as well as the current nature and content employee assistance programmes within the Department of Correctional Services is discussed. The roles, knowledge and skills of the occupational social worker is also discussed. An empirical investigation was undertaken in which SIX EAP practitioners participated for the purpose of the study a questionnaire was designed. A structured questionnaire as well as interviews was conducted in order to gather data. Certain recommendations are made based upon the conclusions and findings. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om 'n teoretiese en praktiese riglyne daar te stel vir die implementering van werknemershulpprogramme binne die Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste in die Wes-Kaap. Daar is van 'n verkennende navorsingsontwerp gebruik gemaak. In die studie is die ontwikkeling van bedryfs maatskaplike werk internasionaal sowel as in Suid-Afrika bespreek. Die aard en omvang van werknemershulpprogramme is bespreek. Daar is aandag geskenk aan werknemershulpprogramme binne organisasie verband. Die funksies van die werknemershulpprogram praktisyn sowel as die huidige aard van bedryfs maatskaplike werk binne die Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste is bespreek. Die rolle, kennis en vaardighede van die bedryfs maatskaplike werker is ook bespreek. 'n Empiriese ondersoek is gedoen waarvan ses werknemerhulpprogram praktisyns deelgeneem het. Vir die doel van die empiriese ondersoek is 'n vraelys ontwerp. Daar is gebruik gemaak van 'n gestruktureerde vraelys en onderhoude om data te versamel. Aan die einde van die studie word daar sekere aanbevelings gemaak wat gebaseer is op die gevolgtrekkings en die bevindings van die studie.

Thesis (MSocialWork)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to establish guidelines for ethnic-sensitive bereavement counselling with Xhosa speaking people. These guidelines are specifically aimed at Social Workers who do bereavement counselling with Xhosa speaking people. In order to formulate the guidelines, both literature review and empirical studies were undertaken. The literature review consists of two chapters. In the first chapter the ethnicsensitive perspective and bereavement counselling models are discussed and attention is given to the integration of the ethnic-sensitive perspective with bereavement counselling models. The second chapter deals with death and bereavement in the Xhosa culture, the role of the Social Worker as bereavement counsellor and the knowledge, values and skills required to do bereavement counselling. Through the literature review it was established that specific knowledge of a Xhosa speaking person's bereavement process is essential for any Social Worker who wishes to do ethnic-sensitive bereavement counselling with a Xhosa speaking person. Skills and values must be tailored to the needs of the Xhosa speaking person in bereavement. During the literature review it also became clear that successful ethnic-sensitive bereavement counselling can only be done if the Social Worker is totally knowledgeable about hislher own experiences and attitudes in respect of the bereavement process as well as in respect of another culture, for example the Xhosa culture. The empirical study was done to establish the needs of Xhosa speaking people in respect of bereavement counselling. The respondents consisted of Xhosa speaking individuals who were in the bereavement process. The measurement instrument consisted of a questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative questions and these were completed by ten respondents. The sample of ten respondents were selected from amongst respondents who were available and willing to participate in the research. The findings of the empirical study pointed to the unique needs of Xhosa speaking people which must be considered during bereavement counselling with them. It was also confirmed that a Social Worker required specific knowledge of Xhosa speaking people's bereavement process in order to deliver ethnic-sensitive bereavement counselling. The finding establishes clear guidelines for Social Workers doing ethnic-sensitive bereavement counselling with Xhosa speaking people. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om riglyne vir etnies-sensitiewe rouberaad met Xhosa-sprekende persone daar te stel. Die riglyne is spesifiek gerig op maatskaplike werkers wat rouberaad met Xhosa-sprekende persone doen. Ten einde die riglyne te formuleer is 'n literatuurstudie en 'n empiriese studie gedoen. Die literatuurstudie bestaan uit twee hoofstukke. In die eerste hoofstuk is die etnies-sensitiewe perspektief en rouberaad modelle bespreek, daar is ook aandag gegee aan die integrering van die etnies-sensitiewe perspektief met die rouberaad modelle. Die tweede hoofstuk handel oor dood en rou in die Xhosa-kultuur; die rol van die maatskaplike werker as rouberader en die kennis, waardes en vaardighede wat benodig word om rouberaad te doen. Met die literatuurstudie is vasgestel dat 'n maatskaplike werker wat etnies-sensitiewe rouberaad met 'n Xhosa-sprekende persoon wil doen, spesifieke kennis van die Xhosa-sprekende persoon se rouproses moet hê. Vaardighede en waardes moet ook aangepas word by die behoeftes van die Xhosa-sprekende persoon in rou. In die literatuurstudie het dit ook duidelik na vore gekom dat suksesvolle etnies-sensitiewe rouberaad slegs gedoen kan word indien die maatskaplike werker deeglike kennis dra van sy/haar eie ervaringe en houdings ten opsigte van die rouproses en ten opsigte van 'n ander kultuur, byvoorbeeld die Xhosa-kultuur. 'n Empiriese studie is gedoen om Xhosa-sprekende persone se behoeftes ten opsigte van rouberaad te bepaal. Die respondente het bestaan uit Xhosa-sprekende persone wat in 'n rouproses was. 'n Vraelys met kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe vrae is as meetinstrument gebruik, en is deur tien respondente voltooi. Die steekproef van tien respondente is verkry deur doelbewuste seleksie, van respondente wat bereidwillig en beskikbaar vir die navorsing was. Die bevindinge van die empiriese studie het aangedui dat Xhosa-sprekend persone unieke behoeftes het wat in ag geneem moet word tydens rouberaad. Daar is bevestig dat dit vir 'n maatskaplike werker nodig is om spesifieke kennis van die Xhosa-sprekende persoon se rouproses te hê, ten einde etnies-sensitiewe rouberaad te lewer. Die bevindinge lig duidelike riglyne vir maatskaplike werkers by etnies-sensitiewe rouberaad met Xhosa-sprekende persone uit.