Research question: How does the industrial company Scania work to get more women in leadership positions? Purpose: The purpose of this work is to describe how companies in a male-dominated industry can work to get a higher share of female leaders. Method: This survey was based on a deductive approach with a qualitative method. Theories have been obtained primarily from scientific articles and the empirical part has been collected through interviews from the companies Wiminvest and Scania. Conclusion: The conclusions the study came up with was different elements that companies in male-dominated industries can work with to get a higher share of female leaders. The first thing that companies can do is to join the project BON or similar projects to work on this issue. They can work with workshops and lectures to disseminate knowledge about the topic. Companies can also create a central function with the responsibility to control the equality work in the organization. They can also work on creating clear goals in terms of gender equality in the company. Companies in this industry can work on to bring more mentors and role models through different communication channels and to design career plans and development opportunities for women. A talent pool or something similar for women can be helpful to create where women can have a valuable network and thereby find mentors and role models. Companies can work with reviewing their recruitment process by, for example, to advertise all positions, for a longer period, try to have an equal distribution of men and women at the recruitment for managerial positions and create a clearer profile of requirements. / Frågeställning: Hur arbetar industriföretaget Scania för att få in fler kvinnor i ledande positioner? Syfte: Syftet med detta arbete är att beskriva hur företag inom en mansdominerad bransch kan arbeta för att få in en högre andel kvinnliga ledare. Metod: Denna undersökning har utgått från en deduktiv ansats med en kvalitativ metod. Teorier har inhämtats främst från vetenskapliga artiklar och empiridelen har insamlats med hjälp av intervjuer från företagen Wiminvest och Scania. Slutsats: De slutsatser som studien kom fram till var olika faktorer som företag i mansdominerade branscher kan arbeta med för att få in en högre andel kvinnliga ledare. Det första som företagen kan göra är att gå med i liknande projekt som BON för att arbeta med denna fråga. De kan arbeta med workshops och föreläsningar för att sprida kunskap om ämnet. Företagen kan även skapa en central funktion som har till ansvar att styra jämställdhetsarbetet i organisationen. De kan även arbeta med att skapa tydliga mål när det gäller jämställdheten i företaget. De kan även arbeta med att skapa tydliga mål när det gäller jämställdheten i företaget. Företagen inom denna bransch kan arbeta med att få in fler mentorer och förebilder genom olika kommunikationskanaler samt utforma karriärplaner och utvecklingsmöjligheter för kvinnor. En talangpool eller något liknande för kvinnor kan vara bra att skapa där de kan få ett värdefullt nätverk och därigenom hitta mentorer och förebilder. Företagen kan arbeta med att se över sin rekryteringsprocess genom att till exempel annonsera ut alla tjänster under en längre tid, försöka ha en jämn fördelning av män och kvinnor vid tillsättning av en chefsposition samt skapa en tydligare kravprofil.

Sammanfattning Sammanfattning - ”Hur kvinnor ska lyckas ta sig fram i en mansdominerad bransch” Datum:  2014-05-27 Nivå:  Kandidatuppsats i företagsekonomi, 15 ECTS Institution:  Akademin för Ekonomi, Samhälle och Teknik, EST,  Mälardalens Högskola Författare:  Evelina Ljungman Agnes Åström  910906  901118 Titel: ”Hur kvinnor ska lyckas ta sig fram i en mansdominerad bransch” Handledare: Angelina Sundstöm Nyckelord: ”kvinnligt ledarskap”, ”glastak”, ”kvinnor i industrin”, ”kvinnor i toppositioner” Frågeställning: Hur arbetar industriföretaget Scania för att få in fler kvinnor i ledande positioner? Syfte: Syftet med detta arbete är att beskriva hur företag inom en mansdominerad bransch kan arbeta för att få in en högre andel kvinnliga ledare. Metod: Denna undersökning har utgått från en deduktiv ansats med en kvalitativ metod. Teorier har inhämtats främst från vetenskapliga artiklar och empiridelen har insamlats med hjälp av intervjuer från företagen Wiminvest och Scania.    Slutsats: De slutsatser som studien kom fram till var olika faktorer som företag i mansdominerade branscher kan arbeta med för att få in en högre andel kvinnliga ledare. Det första som företagen kan göra är att gå med i liknande projekt som BON för att arbeta med denna fråga. De kan arbeta med workshops och föreläsningar för att sprida kunskap om ämnet. Företagen kan även skapa en central funktion som har till ansvar att styra jämställdhetsarbetet i organisationen. De kan även arbeta med att skapa tydliga mål när det gäller jämställdheten i företaget. De kan även arbeta med att skapa tydliga mål när det gäller jämställdheten i företaget. Företagen inom denna bransch kan arbeta med att få in fler mentorer och förebilder genom olika kommunikationskanaler samt utforma karriärplaner och utvecklingsmöjligheter för kvinnor. En talangpool eller något liknande för kvinnor kan vara bra att skapa där de kan få ett värdefullt nätverk och därigenom hitta mentorer och förebilder. Företagen kan arbeta med att se över sin rekryteringsprocess genom att till exempel annonsera ut alla tjänster under en längre tid, försöka ha en jämn fördelning av män och kvinnor vid tillsättning av en chefsposition samt skapa en tydligare kravprofil. / Abstract Abstract-  “How women should manage to advance in a male-dominated industry” Date:  2014-05-27 Level:  Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 ECTS Institution:  School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors:  Evelina Ljungman Agnes Åström  910906  901118 Title: “How women should manage to advance in a male-dominated industry” Tutor: Angelina Sundström Keywords: ”female leaders”, ”glass cliff”, ”women in industry”, “women in top positions” Research question: How does the industrial company Scania work to get more women in leadership positions? Purpose: The purpose of this work is to describe how companies in a male-dominated industry can work to get a higher share of female leaders. Method: This survey was based on a deductive approach with a qualitative method. Theories have been obtained primarily from scientific articles and the empirical part has been collected through interviews from the companies Wiminvest and Scania. Conclusion: The conclusions the study came up with was different elements that companies in male-dominated industries can work with to get a higher share of female leaders. The first thing that companies can do is to join the project BON or similar projects to work on this issue. They can work with workshops and lectures to disseminate knowledge about the topic. Companies can also create a central function with the responsibility to control the equality work in the organization. They can also work on creating clear goals in terms of gender equality in the company. Companies in this industry can work on to bring more mentors and role models through different communication channels and to design career plans and development opportunities for women. A talent pool or something similar for women can be helpful to create where women can have a valuable network and thereby find mentors and role models. Companies can work with reviewing their recruitment process by, for example, to advertise all positions, for a longer period, try to have an equal distribution of men and women at the recruitment for managerial positions and create a clearer profile of requirements.

The Round Top laccolith is considered to be one of the youngest laccoliths in a series of five known as the Sierra Blanca peaks, located in Hudspeth county, Texas. The laccolith is anomalous within the region in that it is peraluminous and enriched in HREEs, F, and U, and is comprised of intermingled discrete packages of various rhyolite types. The laccolith rhyolite varies in color from gray, purple, red, and tan, which combine locally to form distinct geometric mottled textures. The general composition of the rhyolite is 48-52% potassium feldspar, 28-30% quartz, 8-14% plagioclase feldspar, 4-5% annite biotite, 2-3% magnetite-hematite, 1% zircon, and 1% trace phases. The morphology of the trace phases suggests quenching of a late-stage volatile-rich vapor phase at the time of the laccolith formation. The rhyolite displays a wide array of unique mineralogical characteristics indicative to rapid emplacement and metastable crystallization conditions, including three-part quartz phenocrysts, hourglass sector-zoned potassium feldspars, and late-stage anhedral zircons. Unique accessory and trace phases include cassiterite, cerianite-(Ce), changbaiite, columbite, cryolite, tantalite, thorite, yttrofluorite, yttrocerite, and two unidentified minerals named (W) and (X). Initial alteration of the laccolith by high temperature volatile-rich vapor during the late stages of crystallization caused the partial dissolution of the feldspars and quartz. Subsequent quenching of this high temperature vapor phase produced the abundant interstitial, and pore filling REE-fluorides common to the laccolith. The variation in rhyolite color and the presence of the mottled textures are a direct result of partial oxidation of the laccolith by secondary fluids. The oxidizing fluids migrated within the laccolith along an extensive fracture network, altering the adjacent wallrock by oxidizing magnetite phenocrysts to hematite. The gray, purple, and red rhyolite types reflect an increase in turbidity caused by hematitic inclusions primarily within the pore spaces of the potassium feldspar portions of the groundmass. The tan rhyolite is locally restricted to the base of the laccolith and has been subjected to an intense degree of alteration independent of the other rhyolite types, primarily indicated by the conversion of feldspars to clay. Petrographic, microbeam, and geochemical studies have determined little variation in REE concentration between the three rhyolites of similar alteration intensity, but have indicated a depletion in LREEs within the more altered tan rhyolite. The average REE+Y content for the rhyolites sampled (n=11) ranges between 249 ppm and 518 ppm. The REE+Y concentrations between rhyolite samples of the same type show some variation, possibly indicating a correlation between alteration and REE+Y abundance and/or innate heterogeneity in the vapor phase during the initial laccolith formation. The magma emplaced at Round Top underwent a prolonged evolutionary process of fractionation/differentiation as evident by the unusual mineral assemblage and geochemical enrichment associated with the laccolith (e.g. extremely negative europium anomaly, and the positive La/Yb correlation). Future exploration for Round Top style REE-deposits should center within long-lived, tectonically active and complex regions where laccoliths are likely to exist. Specifically, exploration should focus on identifying the youngest laccolith in a felsic series, as this is the most likely to contain the greatest abundance of incompatible elements within the laccolithic group. The early alteration of feldspars by the high temperature vapor phase was crucial in the development of the REE+Y enrichment at Round Top. The feldspar dissolution provided abundant open pore space that was subsequently filled by the REE-fluorides. Thus, exploration should additionally seek laccoliths that have undergone a similar early alteration process, and expand to potential laccolith groups not yet exposed by erosional processes. / text

Les études de différentes propriétés des paires top-antitop dans l'état final dileptonique sont présentées dans cette thèse. Deux analyses ont été réalisées dans des expériences différentes : l'une à D0 auprès du Tevatron, l'autre dans ATLAS auprès du LHC. Les deux collisionneurs étant différents, les mesures qui y sont réalisées sont complémentaires pour les études des propriétés du top. La première analyse, réalisée dans l'expérience D0, a consisté à faire une mesure simultanée de la section efficace de production des paires top-antitop et du rapport d'embranchement t -> Wb Cette mesure a été réalisée dans le canal dileptonique avec un lot de données correspondant à une luminosité de 5,4 fb⁻¹. Elle a ensuite été combinée avec la mesure réalisée dans le canal semileptonique pour obtenir une précision de 8% sur la section efficace, comparable à la précision des calculs théoriques. La deuxième analyse présentée, réalisée dans l'expérience ATLAS , a consisté à mesurer l'asymétrie de charge du quark top dans le canal dileptonique avec le lot de données enregistré par ATLAS en 2011, soit 4,7 fb⁻¹. Les résultats ont ensuite été combinés avec le résultat du canal semileptonique obtenu avec 1 fb⁻¹. On mesure : A^C(ttbar) = 0,029 +- 0,018 (stat.) +- 0,014 (syst.), ce qui est compatible avec la prédiction du modèle standard de 0,004 +- 0,001.

La recherche en physique des particules recouvre des activités diverses depuis la conception des expériences, la mise en route et le suivi des détecteurs, le traitement des données et leur analyse, jusqu'à la communication des résultats aux scientifiques et au grand public. Le document illustre différentes facettes de cette recherche via: la description de la grille de calcul et de stockage qui permet le traitement des données enregistrées par les expériences du LHC et en particulier par l'expérience ATLAS; une mesure de la section efficace top-antitop avec l'expérience D0 auprès du Tevatron; la description de quelques actions de diffusion des connaissances auprès du grand public.

This study looks at political culture and socialisation responses to Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM). It identifies political culture and socialisation as part of a process, the development of a political culture with specific attitudes, cognitions, and feelings towards the political system. Political culture and socialisation impart the knowledge of how to act politically, i.e. how to apply values in formulating demands and making claims on the political system. They form a connecting link between micro- and macro-politics. The study maintains that political orientations are handed down from one generation to another, through the process of political socialisation. Top-down and bottom-up influences come into play to augment a discourse on the global nature of political socialisation and the political culture of international societies with regard to IWRM and governance ideologies. It is argued that these international ideas become relevant in the national political agenda, civil society organisations and trans-national networks. The IWRM aspects of water as an economic good and a basic human right have become a two-edged sword in the South African context. The study reveals that politics stand at the epicentre of water problems, and that IWRM is a political-ethical issue which challenges power bases in many communities. The IWRM global norms of equitable, efficient and sustainable use of water resources have become a major problem in a water-scarce country burdened with economic inequalities and abject poverty. This is a pressing issue because there is an increasing demand for water to sustain the development necessary to redress the draconian ills of the apartheid past. This becomes evident in the fundamental legislative overhaul that has taken place since 1994, embracing a transformation culture that glorifies the norm of water not only as a fundamental human right, but also as a commodity that is necessary to sustain human dignity. It is here that water is politicised. Violent protests have erupted in reaction to perceived neo-liberal attempts to deny the poor their access to this resource. The political culture and socialisation responses as far as IWRM is concerned appear within fragmented lines, i.e. mainly black and poor communities embrace a culture of non-payment for services and resort to violent protests as a viable method to raise their concerns. In contrast, the white and middle-class communities manifest a tendency to form parallel local government structures; they then withhold rate payments and provide services for themselves through ratepayer associations. Finally, the study considers the South African context with regard to the manifestations of political culture, and how this influences water resources. It is evident that there is too much emphasis on politics at the expense of discussions on IWRM. Civil society organisations make very little attempt to encourage public participation in water management structures. It also appears that political elites who are disillusioned with civil society organisations tend to derail their efforts to educate the public on water management structures. / MA, Political Studies, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of students from China's Henan province regarding inequities they experience in the Chinese higher education system based solely on their geography. Henan students are required to score higher than students from other provinces on the Chinese National College Entrance Examinations (NCEE) in order to apply for admission into Chinese top tier universities. Yet despite having higher scores than their peers from other provinces and meeting all admissions requirements, Henan students have little guarantee of admission. The study systematically reviews the history of the Chinese higher education system to contextualize the impact of current NCEE policies and procedures. The perceptions of six Henan students currently studying in the top tiered Chinese University were gathered using qualitative interviews and explored for commonalities and differences. The students’ responses reveal a range of feelings from anger to acceptance, and even gratitude for the ways the inequities impacted their lives. This work increases our understanding of the link between geography and access to Chinese top tiered university and the effects of that link on students from Henan province. / School of Education; / Interdisciplinary Doctoral Program for Education Leaders (IDPEL) / EdD; / Dissertation;

Visual attentional capture is a form of visual attentional selection that is automatic and involuntary in nature, and is of high adaptive value as it allows visual attention to be oriented in a reflexive manner towards visual information without necessarily being guided by pre-existing knowledge, goals, and plans. According to the load-hypothesis (Lavie & De Fockert, 2005), attentional capture of salient stimuli increases under load on working memory due to disruption of stimulus-processing priorities. Moreover, it has been proposed that maintenance of task-irrelevant verbal information increases distractor interference in singleton search by increasing attentional capture of salient, but task-irrelevant, color singletons. This hypothesis was tested in the present study by having participants complete several succeeding trials of singleton search while simultaneously maintaining digits in working memory. The presence of task-irrelevant color singletons in the search array of a singleton search task led to increased response times, indicating attentional capture. However, the cost to response times associated with distractor presence did not increase under load on working memory, indicating that distractor interference may not be affected by load on working memory when task-irrelevant verbal information is maintained over an extended period of time. Individual differences in action video game playing and trait anxiety were considered and excluded as possible confounders.

This thesis examines Hieronymus Bosch's Table Top of the Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things. Instead of using an iconographical analysis, the thesis investigates the relationship between Bosch's art and the Devotio Moderna, which has been speculated by many Bosch scholars. For this reason, a close study was done to examine the Devotio Moderna and its influence on Bosch's painting. Particular interest is paid to the seven day prayers of the Devotio Moderna, the subjects depicted in Bosch's painting, how Bosch's painting blesses its viewer during the time of one's prayer, and how the use of gaze ties all of these ideas together.

In this thesis, a thorough study of the batch top-spray fluidized bed granulation was carried out including experimental study, population balance model (PBM), computational fluid dynamic (CFD) study and control strategy development. For the experimental study, the influence variables of pulsed frequency, binder spray rate and atomization pressure of a batch top-spray fluidized bed granulation process were studied using the Box-Behnken experimental design method. Different mathematical models were developed to predict the mean size of granules, yield, relative width of granule distribution, Hausner ratio and final granule moisture content. Validation experiments have shown the reliability and effectiveness of using the Box-Behnken experimental design method to study a fluidized bed granulation process. The one-dimensional population balance models (ODPBMs) have been developed to model a pulsed top-spray fluidized bed granulation, linking the operating factors of the pulsed frequency, the binder spray rate, and atomization air pressure with the granule properties to predict granule growth behavior at different operating conditions. A multi-stage open optimal control strategy based on the developed ODPBMs was proposed to reduce the model and process mismatch through adjusting the trajectory of the evolution of the granule size distribution at predefined sample intervals. The effectiveness of the proposed modeling and multi-stage open optimal control strategy has been validated by experimental and simulation tests. In addition, an Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model (EETFM) was developed to describe the gas-particle two-phase flow in the fluidized bed granulator. By computational fluid dynamic analysis, it has been proven that the fluidized bed granulation system is not homogeneous, based on which a two-compartmental population balance model (TCPBM) was developed to describe the particle growth in the fluidized bed granulation. Validation experiments have shown the effectiveness and superior accuracy of the TCPBM comparing with the ODPBM in predicting the final particle size distribution.