Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1985.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1985.

Orientadores: Sebastião Araujo, Desanka Dragosavac / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T17:41:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roquejani_AugustoCesar_M.pdf: 2613455 bytes, checksum: a888c619f46d4381690233c544cf9345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: As medidas da PImáx e PEmáx são utilizadas para avaliar a força da musculatura respiratória. Porém, o efeito da posição corporal sobre essas medidas não se encontra bem estabelecido na literatura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de diversas posições corporais nos valores da PImáx e PEmáx. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo e aberto, em que foram avaliados 50 indivíduos saudáveis (25 homens e 25 mulheres), com idade entre 18 e 55 anos, em sete diferentes decúbitos [sentado (PRE), Trendelenburg (TREND), prona, 0°, decúbitos lateral direito (DLD) e esquerdo (DLE) e 45°]. Foram também analisadas as influências do sexo sobre essas variáveis. RESULTADOS: O maior valor da PImáx (média ± DP) foi de -79,4 ± 21,7 cmH2O em 45° nas mulheres e de -82,8 ± 21,3 cmH2O em DLD no homem (p = NS) e o menor em TREND (-64,3 ± 21,6 cmH2O versus -79,1 ± 22,3 cmH2O; p < 0,05). Com relação à PEmáx todos os valores no sexo masculino foram maiores que no feminino (p < 0,0001), sem influência da posição corporal. CONCLUSÕES: Determinadas posições corporais e o sexo influenciaram nas medidas de PImáx. Com relação às medidas da PEmáx, apenas a influência do sexo foi significativa / Abstract: Measurements of PImax and PEmax are useful to evaluate respiratory muscle strength. However, the effects of body position on these variables are not well established in the literature. The objective if this study was to evaluate the influence of different body positions on PImax and PEmax values. METHODS: Prospective, open label study, in which 50 adult healthy volunteers (25 males e 25 females), aging 18-55 years, were evaluated in seven different positions: sitting (PRE), Trendelenburg (TREND), prone, 0°, right lateral (RLD) and left lateral (LLD) decubitus and 45°. The influence of gender on these variables was also analyzed. RESULTS: The greatest Plmax value (mean ± SD) was -79.4 ± 21.7 cmH2O at 45° in females and -82.8 ± 21.3 cmH2O at RDL in males (p=NS) and the smallest at TREND (-64,3 ± 21.6 cmH2O versus -79.1 ± 22,3 cmH2O; p<0.05). PEmax values were ever greater in males than in females (p < 0.0001), without influence of body position. CONCLUSIONS: In adult healthy volunteers, some body positions and gender have had significant influence on PImax values. Otherwise, PEmax values have been influenced only by gender. / Mestrado / Pesquisa Experimental / Mestre em Cirurgia

IntroduktionSpirometri är en vanlig undersökningsmetod för att bedöma en persons lungfunktion och lungkapacitet, där total lungkapacitet (TLC) är av stort värde. Kroppspletysmografi och kvävgasutsköljning är två metoder som mäter statiska lungvolymer, däribland TLC. Syftet med studien var att jämföra kroppspletysmografi med kvävgasutsköljning och se om det förelåg någon signifikant skillnad på mätresultaten mellan metoderna. Material och metod Studien bestod av 32 försökspersoner, varav 22 kvinnor och 10 män där samtliga undersökningar utfördes på Fysiologkliniken på Västmanlands sjukhus Västerås under februari och mars 2021. Variablerna TLC, funktionell residualkapacitet/intrathorakal gasvolym (FRC/ITGV) och vitalkapacitet (VC) uppmättes och beräknades. Resultatet jämfördes mot Hedenströms referensmaterial. Ett parat t-test med signifikansnivå p&lt;0,05 användes för att se om det förelåg signifikant skillnad.  Resultat och slutsats Vid jämförelse av kroppspletysmografi och kvävgasutsköljning föreligger signifikant skillnad mellan samtliga variabler (p&lt;0,001). Där kvävgasutsköljning uppmäter lägre volymer än kroppspletysmografi. / Introduction Spirometry is a commonly used examination method for validating pulmonary function and lung capacities, where total lung capacity (TLC) is of great value. Body plethysmography and multiple breath nitrogen washout are two methods that measure statical lung volumes, including TLC. The purpose of the study was to compare body plethysmography and multiple breath nitrogen washout to examine if there was a significant difference between the two methods. Material and method The study consisted of 32 test subjects, 22 women and 10 men, all examinations were performed at the Physiological Clinic at Västmansland´s Hospital Västerås between February and Mars 2021. The variables TLC, functional residual capacity/intrathoracic gas volume (FRC/ITGV) and vital capacity (VC) were measured and calculated. The result was compared against Hedenströms reference material. A paired t-test with significance level p&lt;0,05 was used to evaluate if there was a significant difference.  Result and conclusion When comparing body plethysmography and multiple breath nitrogen washout, there is a significant difference between all variables (p&lt;0,001). Where multiple breath nitrogen washout measures lower volumes than body plethysmography.

With the rapid somatic growth and development in infants, simultaneous accurate measurements of lung volume and airway function are essential. Raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression (RTC) is widely used to generate forced expiration from an airway opening pressure of 30 cmH2O (V30). The (dynamic) functional residual capacity (FRCdyn) remains the lung volume most routinely measured. The aim of this study was to develop comprehensive integrated spirometry that included all subdivisions of lung volume at V30 or total lung capacity (TLC30). Measurements were performed on 17 healthy infants aged 8.6-119.7 weeks. A commercial system for multiple-breath nitrogen washout (MBNW) to measure lung volumes and a custom made system to perform RTC were used in unison. A refined automated raised volume RTC and the following two novel single maneuvers with dual volume measurements were performed from V30 during a brief post-hyperventilation apneic pause: (1) the passive expiratory flow was integrated to produce the inspiratory capacity (IC) and the static (passive) FRC (FRCst) was estimated by initiating MBNW after end-passive expiration; (2) RTC was initiated late during passive expiration, flow was integrated to produce the slow vital capacity (jSVC) and the residual volume (RV) was measured by initiating MBNW after end-expiration while the jacket (j) was inflated. Intrasubject FRCdyn and FRCst measurements overlapped (p = 0.6420) but neither did with the RV (p < 0.0001). Means (95% confidence interval) of FRCdyn, IC, FRCst, jSVC, RV, forced vital capacity and tidal volume were 21.2 (19.7-22.7), 36.7 (33.0-40.4), 21.2 (19.6-22.8), 40.7 (37.2-44.2), 18.1 (16.6-19.7), 40.7 (37.1-44.2) and 10.2 (9.6-10.7) ml/kg, respectively. Static lung volumes and capacities at V30 and variables from the best forced expiratory flow-volume curve were dependent on age, body length and weight. In conclusion, we developed a comprehensive physiologically integrated approach for in-depth investigation of lung function at V30 in infants.