Thesis (Ph. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Political Science, 2007. / Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 204-222).

This thesis examines Anglo-French perceptions of power within the context of the rise of the United States of America. It uses several overlapping events falling within a moment at the end of the nineteenth century (1898-1899) - the Spanish-American War, the Dreyfus Affair and the Fashoda crisis - to explore various British and French actors' perceptions of national power, decline, and international competition. It draws heavily on diplomatic material, but its methodology is primarily cultural. It examines ways in which various cultural assumptions affected perceptions of power and global events. It takes a particular interest in the relationship between ideas about gender and dimensions of national power. It focuses on contemporary preoccupations and assumptions, whether spoken or unspoken, and argues that they could prove determinative. External realities were refracted into perceptions that in turn drove prescriptions and policy. The thesis juxtaposes perspectives from multiple states, thereby contextualizing or comparing British, French and occasionally American preoccupations with those of their transatlantic contemporaries. It draws upon archival sources which previously have been under-examined or approached from different perspectives and research priorities. Its exploration of the cultural dimensions of thought about national power and success is grounded in an awareness of the analysis and actions of certain diplomats and politicians involved in the more practical business of international affairs. Conversely, diplomatic and other records are situated within their cultural milieu, to better understand the context in which views about the international order were shaped. The thesis necessarily makes excursions into the history of emotions, since its actors' political analyses at times appear entangled and aligned with their emotional responses. The thesis therefore serves as an example of an international history that integrates diplomatic with cultural and emotional elements and demonstrates their mutual illumination.

This diploma thesis is focused on deepening of the transatlantic economic relations between countries, which form European Union nowadays and USA, since the end of the Second World War until the present time. Result of these deep transatlantic relations on every level is negotiation of unique agreement TTIP. Thesis analyses current state of bilateral trade between EU and USA, with subsequent utilization of three different, but closely interconnected economies of Slovakia, Czech Republic and Germany and their trade with USA, which will be then compared with projected impacts of TTIP agreement on these economies and their trade, GDP and unemployment. TTIP agreement is being presented in detail in this thesis as well its basic draft, motives of both negotiating sides and also the critical topics, which slow down the whole negotiations.

Transatlantic relations have a long tradition but their current state has recently come into question. This thesis is concerned with the contemporary foreign policy of the United States of America towards the European Union, focusing mainly on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) which has been under negotiation since July 2013. The first chapter provides the theoretical and methodological framework, explaining how the American political system and foreign policy construction work and suggesting how these can be analyzed. The following chapters deal with the TTIP itself, using mainly the sub-state level of analysis. Chapter 2 explains the overall agenda of the TTIP, analysing America's goals in the negotiations and the TTIP's possible impact on transatlantic relations. Chapter 3 investigates the role and goals of state actors in the ongoing negotiations, namely of the president of the United States; Congress and the United States Trade Representative and State Department. Chapter 4 is based on analysis of non-state actors involved in or affected by the TTIP negotiations.

Cette thèse présente une critique de la théorie néoréaliste et néo-institutionnaliste capable d’expliquer la transformation de l’OTAN depuis 1991 d’une organisation de défense collective en une organisation de sécurité collective, ainsi que de rendre intelligible l’alternance des moments de solidarité et de tensions entre pays membres (et entre pays membres et partenaires). Le travail s’appuie sur des études de cas tirés de l’histoire de l’Alliance Atlantique post-guerre Froide et permet d’observer la régularité d’un double phénomène : l’inefficacité des actifs institutionnels OTAN sur les questions de haute sécurité et leur efficience sur les questions de basse sécurité. Lorsque les thèmes de dialogue sont trop stratégiques (risques de coûts politiques/budgétaires/humains, perceptions sécuritaires), les acteurs (pays membres et partenaires) reviennent tendanciellement à des postures nationales. Lorsque les thèmes de dialogue sont moins sensibles (moindres coûts politiques/budgétaires/humains, perceptions sécuritaires basses), les acteurs acceptent plus facilement les concessions dans le cadre institutionnel. Notre modèle vise à comprendre la progressive globalisation de l’OTAN à travers deux catégories d’actions : élargissements/créations de partenariats et interventions extérieures. La thèse propose aussi en prenant acte des forces et faiblesses des actifs institutionnels de l’OTAN de démontrer qu’elle produit principalement de la sécurité globale par la voie de son réseau sécuritaire (progressivement construit depuis 1991) plus que par la voie militaire classique (semi-échec des opérations extérieures de haute intensité). La globalisation de son réseau sécuritaire est étudiée à travers l’ensemble des actifs institutionnels bilatéraux et régionaux créés après 1991 pour intégrer les relations entre pays membres et partenaires. Une partie spécifique de l’étude est consacrée aux rapports américano-européens à l’intérieur de l’Alliance Atlantique. La globalisation de son champ d’intervention est aussi étudiée à travers l’analyse de l’ensemble des opérations et missions menées par l’OTAN depuis 1991. Enfin, la thèse se veut une tentative de renouvellement des théories néoréalistes et néo institutionnalistes à la lumière du nouveau paradigme de la globalisation sécuritaire. / This thesis presents a criticism of the neo-realist and neo-institutionalist theory, contributing to an explanation of the reasons for the transformation of NATO since 1991 from a collective defense organization to a collective security organization and to make intelligible the alternation of moments of tension and solidarity between member states (and between member states and partner states). This work is based on study cases drawn from the history of the post-cold War Atlantic Alliance and enables to examine the regularity of a double phenomenon: the ineffectiveness of NATO institutional assets on high security issues and their effectiveness on low security issues. When discussion topics are too strategic risks of political/budgetary/human costs, security perception), actors (member states and partners), tend to go back to national positions. When discussion topics are less sensitive (lesser political/budgetary human costs), actors tend to accept more easily to make concessions in the institutional framework. Our model is focused on the comprehension of the progressive globalization of NATO through two types of actions: enlargement/partnership creation and external interventions. This thesis is taking into account strengths and weaknesses of NATO institutional assets, in order to show that the organization produces mainly global security by the means of its security network (gradually built since 1991), more than through the classic military way (half-failure of high intensity outside operations). The globalization of its security network is studied through the whole of bilateral and regional institutional assets created after 1991 in order to integrate relations between member states and partner states. A specific part of the study is dedicated to American-European relations inside the Atlantic Alliance. The globalization of its intervention field is studied through the analysis of overall operations and missions carried out by NATO since 1991. To conclude, this thesis aims at renewing neorealist and neo-insttitutional theories in the light of the new paradigm of security globalization.

The realm of trust has of late become the subject of a new agenda of research. Withal, as this paper demonstrates, trust has always implicitly been at the core of international relations theory. The object of the research is the transatlantic relationship and the role that trust plays on the field of security, using NATO as the platform. In this connection, at first, the author considers the category of trust in international relations as a whole. A detailed analysis of the phenomenon of trust, its principles and distinctive signs will be conducted. For the further application of the theoretical findings to the case of transatlantic relations, special methodology as exploratory research is elaborated. It develops a multiframework strategy for recognizing signals of trust in a relationship, emphasizing the role of the security dilemma, hedging strategies and reassurance in this manner. The selected research methods are determined by the theoretical basis and the available data for the research. Taking stock of the history of transatlantic relations on the basis of researching literature and using the research findings of the case study, the author estimates the level of trust between the United States and European NATO members during periods of turmoil. The aim is to reveal the causes of such state of...

in English This thesis deals with the factors that influence changing intensity of bilateral economic cooperation between EU and USA in the period between 2002 and 2012. The quantitative tests by correlation are made separately for the trade and the financial area of cooperation. The first tested factor was the economic interdependence of EU and USA, which is based on liberal thoughts in international relations. Its positive influence on cooperation that was assumed for this factor was confirmed only in case of the financial area. On the other hand, for the trade sphere the premise was disproved. The second tested factor was formulated based on realism in international relations. It says that decreasing economic standing of EU and USA leads to their increased cooperation. This influence was confirmed both for trade and financial cooperation. The last researched factor was the annual change in the volume of transactions. This factor is based on functionalism, neofunctionalism and communication theory. The assumed positive influence of increased transactions on cooperation was confirmed only in trade dimension. The best factor that can explain the changing bilateral economic cooperation of EU and USA between 2002 and 2012 proved to be the one based on realism - the declining standing of both subjects...

No description available.

My doctoral project investigates the impact of Ronald Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative on transatlantic relations during the period 1983-86. The dissertation focuses on the three main European powers, namely Britain, France, and the Federal Republic of Germany, and examines their reaction to SDI both individually and comparatively. The study exploits SDI’s position at the intersection of nuclear strategy, political ideology, Cold War diplomacy, and industrial politics to offer a multifaceted, multi-national, and primary source-based analysis of US-European relations during the Reagan Presidency. The picture of the transatlantic relationship which emerges from the dissertation is a complex and nuanced one. On the one hand, the analysis argues that relations across the Atlantic during the Reagan era cannot be reduced to a scenario of accelerating ‘drift’ between the United States and Western Europe. Instead, on SDI as well as on other matters, moments of acute friction alternated with a constantly renewed search for dialogue, cooperation, and compromise on the part of the Europeans and also, if to a lesser degree, of the Americans. On the other hand, the ‘exceptionalist’ ideology and worldview underpinning SDI, the prevailing indifference in Washington to its implications for NATO, and most importantly the persistent anti-nuclear rhetoric and ambitions associated with the initiative revealed a distinct lack of sensitivity to European interest by the Reagan administration. As the dissertation shows, the anti-nuclear drive inherent in SDI, which both reflected and reinforced Reagan’s deep-seated interest in nuclear abolition, constituted the most disruptive aspect of the initiative from the viewpoint of European leaders. In these respects, the SDI controversy epitomises the unilateral tendencies and increasingly divergent priorities from those of the European allies which characterised much of the Reagan administration’s foreign policy – making the 1980s a decade of recurrent tensions in transatlantic relations.

The goal of this thesis is to examine president Bush's policy after 9/11 and its implications for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The shock of 9/11 attacks resulted in "war mentality" manifesting itself in the pressure of the public and media for swift radical actions. This resulted in ad hoc decisions taken without proper analyses and consideration of consequences. After 9/11, Bush Administration used black-and-white rhetoric and simplified the war on terror into war between good and evil. The U.S. under Bush did not consider international institutions to play significant role in international politics and preferred bilateral cooperation. By omitting the Alliance, Washing, however, undermined NATO. Europe was sympathetic to the U.S. and proclaimed its support for Washington since day one but European NATO members and the U.S. had different threat perception regarding Iraq, and could not agree on a common solution. The actions taken by Americans in Afghanistan and Iraq and the reluctance of European allies in supporting the U.S. war against terrorism resulted in escalation of relations in the Alliance. As the U.S. headed toward engagement in two conflicts, it increasingly appreciated the value of NATO. On the other hand, Europe never forgot that the United States is its main ally. Most...