Applikationen Chemical Force Feedback (CFF) för haptisk och visuell molekylrendering som har utvecklats på Linköpings Universitet för att testa nyttan av haptik för undervisning av protein-ligand dockning för molekylär livsvetenskap behöver förbättras på ett antal punkter för att bättre kunna fungera som ett komplett molekylvisualiserings-verktyg. Tidigare projekt som utvecklat applikationen har fokuserat mestadels på den haptiska delen av programmet, vilket gjort att den visuella aspekten kommit efter. Det här examensarbetet har implementerat diverse ny funktionalitet både för att förbättra direkt kännbara aspekter av programmet, samt att lägga grunden för framtida utökningar. De huvudsakliga förbättringarna som det här exjobbet resulterat i inkluderar: För det första, integration av DSSP-algoritmen i programmet har gjort information om sekundärstrukturen hos protein tillgänglig för visualisering. För det andra, ett nytt renderings-system tillåter rendering av semitransparenta ytor på ett korrekt sätt samtidigt som det skapar en program-struktur som bättre lämpar sig för implementation av nya molekylrepresentationer. För det tredje, en filvals-komponent som fungerar i den haptiska scengrafen har designats för att göra programmets användargränssnitt mer tillgängligt. / The Chemical Force Feedback (CFF) visual and haptic molecule rendering application, being developed at Linköping University to evaluate the use of haptics as a teaching tool for protein-ligand docking in molecular life science requires several additional features to function as a mature protein visualization tool. Previous developments of the application have focused mostly on the haptic part of the program, leaving the visual representation somewhat under-developed. This thesis project has implemented various features in order to both improve the immediate functionality of the application as well as lay down the foundation for future additions. The main contributions of this thesis include: Firstly, integration of the DSSP algorithm has provided the application with secondary structure information for the protein visualization. Secondly, a new rendering system has provided support for rendering transparent surfaces in a correct way as well as simplifying future addition of new visual representations of molecules. Thirdly, a file-selection dialog have been implemented using the haptic scenegraph as a step toward the goal of making the user interface of the application more user-friendly.

Visual dominance. Our human perception, that with great authority, powerfully influences and controls all of our senses. In turn, our minds try to acquire and maintain meaningful perceptions in what we are experiencing, may that be in a chaotic world, a cacophony in colour or vibrations in patterns. This project explores disturbances in pattern and colour and how these elements can deceive the eye. Playing with elements such as opacity, layers and transparency the nine outfits presented in this project attempt to explore the principles of Gestalt psychology to create disorder and confusion. Significantly, the project discusses our perception of pattern and colour and how with small measures these components can outsmart our senses, highlighting the importance of psychological methods and techniques in design rather than scientific or mathematical.

No description available.

Mémoire (M.A.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1993. / Cette communication a été réalisée à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi dans le cadre du programme de maîtrise en arts plastiques de l'Université du Québec à Montréal, extensionné à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. CaQCU Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-128). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Frankfurt am Main, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 333-348).

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of St Andrews, April 2009.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-128). Also available on the Internet.

Le principe d’ouverture, mentionné au premier article du Traité sur l’Union européenne sert de fondement à une recherche globale d’interaction entre la prise de décision et les citoyens européens. Cette démarche est motivée par une volonté d’améliorer la légitimité des politiques européennes. Cependant, elle doit être distinguée du principe démocratique en droit de l’Union, en ce qu’elle ne cherche pas à renforcer le statut des citoyens européens au sein du régime politique européen, mais seulement à leur offrir des possibilités d’influence sur le fond des décisions. Ces possibilités d’influence sont constamment approfondies, par la reconnaissance de principes tels que la transparence et la participation, et par la mise en place de mécanismes de dialogue tels que les consultations, le droit de pétition, le droit de recours au Médiateur ou encore l’initiative citoyenne. L’étude se propose de mesurer le degré d’influence des citoyens européens sur la prise de décision, et de le comparer aux objectifs du principe d’ouverture. / The principle of openness, mentioned in the first article of the Treaty on the European Union acts as a foundation of a global research into the interaction between taking decisions and the citizens of Europe. This approach is motivated by a willingness to improve the legitimacy of European policy. However, it should be distinguished from the democratic principal of law within the Union, in that it does not attempt to reinforce the status of European citizens within the European political regime, but attempts only to offer them possibilities of influencing the core of such decisions. The possibilities of influence are constantly looked at in depth, through reorganizing such principles as transparency and participation, and by the installation of mechanisms of dialogue through consultation, the right to petitions, the right to use a mediator or even create citizens initiatives. The study tries to measure the degree of influence that European citizens have on decision making, and to compare them to the objectives of the principle of openness

Doctor Legum - LLD / Currently most international investment disputes are settled through arbitration. The origin of this dispute settlement system can be associated with the recent proliferation of over 3000 Bilateral Investment Treaties. Through this system disputes are settled by autonomous and differently constituted tribunals which have powers to render final and binding awards. The dissatisfied party has very limited opportunity to challenge the rendered award as there are no higher bodies in the hierarchy where a dissatisfied party can lodge an appeal, save for limited procedural challenges which are allowed under the system. These differently constituted tribunals at times reach diametrically opposed decisions on similar facts and those decisions stand side by side and all are considered valid. These inconsistent decisions are leading to lack of consistency and uniformity which in turn affects the legitimacy of the system as a whole. The rules of these institutions do not allow the proceedings to be held in public despite the fact that at times these tribunals question the regulatory powers of the state and state measures on service provision to its citizens. Another issue under the current system is that due to lack of coordination, arbitrators play dual roles: as counsels and arbitrators. This practice compromises the cherished principle of the rule of law. In the effort to address these concerns, stakeholders have suggested a number of possible solutions. The suggested solutions include: invoking res judicata and lis pendens principles; adopting the doctrine of precedent; applying the ‘fork in the road’ principle; adopting the margin of appreciation standard in interpretation of BITs; creating an appellate structure at ICSID and creating a treaty to treaty appellate body. This research submits that, the suggested solutions singularly and cumulatively don not address the legitimacy issues adequately. The research therefore calls for the establishment of a Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI) in order to address the legitimacy issues cumulatively. It is submitted that establishing a Multilateral Investment Agreement (MAI) which provides for creating a standing international investment court with an appellate court is the only solution which addresses all the issues haunting the international investment dispute settlement system. In addition, the research suggests interim solutions which will help to increase the legitimacy of the current system pending the establishment of the MAI and the courts. The interim solutions include: establishment of the investor – state dispute adjudication Centre; effective utilisation of host state courts; mandatory publication of all awards; enhancing the effective use of member states interpretative statement; and forming a working commission to provide basic interpretation and the scope of the basic international investment law principles. These measures are only meant to improve the current system pending the establishment of the MAI and the courts. The research concludes that for the betterment of international investment law, the reform is inevitable and that the benefits would outweigh any demerits.