Thesis (M.S.)--San Francisco State University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-54).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2005. / Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 97 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. / Bellamkonda, Ravi, Committee Member ; LaPlaca, Michelle, Committee Chair ; Stein, Donald, Committee Member ; Garca̕, Andrš, Committee Member ; Archer, David, Committee Member ; Borlongan, Cesario, Committee Member.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Marburg, 2000.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Background: For patients with end-stage organ failure receiving an organ is lifesaving. To be transplanted means a big change and adjustment in life with lifelong medication. The ambition for these patients is to go back and live as normal of life as possible. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe patients experiences of being organ transplanted. Method: The method used was a literature-based study based on qualitative scientific articles. A total of 9articles were analyzed with a qualitative content analysis. Result: After analysis 5 categories emerged; indebted, limitations in daily life, fear of organ rejection, concerns about medicine and a positive attitude to life. It showed that patient´s experiences of being organ transplanted are individual and unique. Some experiences are harder to deal with than others. Conclusion: Patients describe both negative as well as positive experiences of being transplanted. They express a need for more knowledge about their condition and a need that health care staff enhance their knowledge and understanding about their unique situation.

In Sweden there is 300,000–400,000 people with impaired kidney function. with chronic renal failure, patients experience a limited life, with many symptoms affecting their ways negative and dialysis treatment is time consuming and adversely affects their everyday lives. Kidney transplantation is an effective treatment and is the most common organ transplant in Sweden. Patients hope to have an improved quality of life through a kidney transplant despite the risks of transplant rejection. In order for the nurse to be able to provide good nursing after a kidney transplant and to see what the patient has for nursing needs, the nurses then needs a deeper knowledge of patients' experiences of life after a renal transplant. The aim was to describe how patients experience life after a kidney transplantation. Literature overview based on 10 scientific articles from the database Cinahl Complete, Academic Search Complete and Nursing & Allied Health. The articles are reviewed and analyzed according to Friberg's (2012) method of identifying similarities and differences, then compiled. Following the analyses, three main themes were identified: New life with changes, the experience of limited life, anxiety, concern and loneliness, which describes how life after kidney plantation is experienced by the patient The method discussion is based on the strengths and weaknesses of the literature review. The result is discussed based on Calista Roy's adaptation theory from the key concepts and adaptive features.

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a disease associated with the wide-spread use of antibiotics and causes 450,000 infections and almost 30,000 deaths in the United States annually. Recurrence is a major problem, with approximately 1/3rd of patients relapsing after antibiotic treatment for CDI. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a novel therapy for recurrent CDI, but the majority of the literature to date is made up of uncontrolled case series, so FMT’s true efficacy compared with standard antibiotic regimens remains unknown. Only a few randomized control trials (RCTs) have been published, and these have studied small numbers of patients and exhibited marked methodological heterogeneity. As such, there is uncertainty about the appropriate indications for FMT with respect to recurrent CDI, as well as the best methodology for the procedure, which has been carried our using various fecal preparations and modes of delivery. In particular, questions remain about if FMT should be recommended for patients with a first CDI recurrence, and if minimally invasive methods of performing FMT such as administration of enteric coated capsules are more efficacious than standard antibiotic treatments. We propose a double blind, placebo controlled, RCT that will be run as two parallel RCTs, where Trial 1 will enroll patients experiencing a first CDI recurrence, and Trial 2 will enroll patients experiencing a second or later CDI recurrence. The treatment arms in each trial will receive FMT in the form of orally administered frozen capsules, while the control arms will receive standard antibiotic treatments based on the number of recurrences they have experienced. If shown to be efficacious in a large RCT, oral capsulized FMT alone as treatment for recurrent CDI has the potential to increase access to FMT, decrease unnecessary antibiotic use, and substantially reduce morbidity and mortality attributable to CDI.

Amputation induces substantial reorganization of the body part somatotopy in primary sensory cortex (S1), and these effects of deafferentation increase with time. Determining whether these changes are reversible is critical for understanding the potential to recover from deafferenting injuries. Here, we report evidence that the representation of a transplanted hand and digits can actually recapture the pre-amputation S1 hand territory in two transplant patients. With limited sensation 4 months post operation, one of the patient's (D.S.) palmar tactile stimulation evoked contralateral S1 responses that were indistinguishable in location and amplitude from those detected in healthy matched controls. The other patient (M.S.) demonstrated not only much improved sensation but also recovered ability to localize tactile stimuli 120+ months after the operation. The results described suggest that even decades after complete deafferentation, restoring afferent input to S1 leads to re-establishment of the gross hand and digits representations within their original territory. Stimulation of the deafferented cortical maps may play an important role in maintaining their viability until the afferent input is restored. Motor imagery and creation of virtual visual feedback of the absent hand with a mirror have been proposed as stimuli. We used fMRI to record neural activity while 11 unilateral hand amputees and matched controls performed aurally-paced thumb-finger sequencing movements with their intact hand (matching hand in case of controls) under visual guidance during four conditions: 1) intact hand (ME), 2) ME with motor imagery of the amputated hand, 3) ME with virtual visual feedback of the amputated hand, and 4) ME with motor imagery and the virtual visual feedback of the amputated hand. In contrast to controls, amputees showed increases in activity during all four conditions within the former functionally-defined sensorimotor hand territory. Movements of the intact hand likely increase activity in the former hand territory as a result of decreased interhemispheric inhibition. This stimulation may maintain deafferented hand representations that can recover soon after the afferent input is restored by hand transplantation.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:57:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moraes_ro_me_araca.pdf: 3762007 bytes, checksum: 9c2ec9715d0b3a85fbf41e3f7be91181 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Introdução: A nicotina, uma das drogas mais nocivas a saúde, causa, entre outros fatores, morbidade do enxerto ósseo e compromete a cicatrização óssea. Por outro lado, o tratamento com laser em baixa intensidade pode proporcionar efeitos bioestimulantes, aumentando a microcirculação sanguínea da área irradiada e estimulando fibroblastos, promovendo melhores condições de cicatrização. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a influência do laser em baixa intensidade sobre o processo de reparo de enxertos ósseos autógenos em bloco instalados em animais modificados sistemicamente pelos efeitos indesejáveis da nicotina. Materiais e Métodos: Foram utilizados 72 ratos (Wistar) divididos em Grupo A (n=36), subgrupos GI e GII, submetidos à aplicação de nicotina e Grupo B (n=36), subgrupos GIII e GIV, submetidos à aplicação de solução fisiológica. Transcorridos 30 dias das aplicações, todos animais receberam enxerto ósseo autógeno na mandíbula, tendo como área doadora o osso parietal da calvária, sendo que os animais pertencentes aos subgrupos GII e GIV, receberam o tratamento com laser em baixa intensidade na interface enxerto-leito receptor. Os animais de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia aos 7, 14 e 28 dias pós cirurgia de enxerto. Após o processamento laboratorial de rotina foi realizada a análise histomorfométrica, visando analisar qualitativamente e quantitativamente as etapas presentes nesse processo de reparo ósseo. Resultados: A análise histológica revelou que o grupo nicotina apresentou um atraso da atividade osteogênica na interface enxerto-leito receptor, como também menor organização do tecido de granulação em substituição ao coágulo sanguineo. Contudo, a irradiação do tecido com laser em baixa intensidade proporcionou melhor reparo ósseo. Histometricamente, os subgrupos submetidos à irradiação laser... / Background: The nicotine is one of the mostly drugs more harmful to the health cause, among other factors, morbidity of bone graft and compromises bone healing. Furthermore, treatment with low level laser can provide biostimulation effects, increasing the blood microcirculation in the irradiated area and stimulating fibroblasts promoting better healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of low level laser therapy on the healing process of autogenous bone grafts installed in block in systemic modificated animals by undesirable effects of nicotine. Methods: Were used 72 rats (Wistar) divided into Group A (n = 36) subgroups GI and GII, submitted to the application of nicotine and Group B (n = 36) subgroups GIII and GIV, submitted to the application of saline solution. After 30 days of applications, all animals received autogenous bone block graft stabilized on mandible, with the parietal bone donor area of the skull, and the animals belonging to subgroups GII and GIV received treatment with low level laser in the bed-graft interface. The animals in each group were euthanized at 7, 14 and 28 days after bone graft surgery. After routine processing was performed histomorphometric analysis in order to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the timing sequence of bone repair. Results: The histological analysis revealed that the nicotine group showed a delay of osteogenic activity in the bed-graft interface, as well as decreased organization of granulation tissue replacing the blood clot. However, the low level laser irradiation showed better bone healing. Histometrically, the laser subgroups (GII and GIV) demonstrated greater bone formation compared with the respective subgroups (GI and GIII), with significantly statistically results (P˂0) at 14 days (GI 14,27% ± 2,22% versus GII 24,37% ± 11,93% and GIII 24,94% ± 13,06% versus ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)