Os acidentes que envolvem o transporte de produtos perigosos ocorrem, com certa frequência, em rodovias e afetam, não apenas os seus usuários, mas também as populações lindeiras e o meio ambiente, levando contaminação e poluição, muitas vezes disseminadas por ventos e em rios, com consequências catastróficas para o meio ambiente e a saúde humana. Trata-se, portanto de um problema que requer não apenas ações de caráter corretivo por ocasião dos sinistros, mas também medidas preventivas, visando à redução dos riscos e de consequências impactantes. Este trabalho tem o objetivo tornar-se um instrumento para ações preventivas, dirigido à administração pública, como contribuição na segurança do transporte de produtos perigosos, no Litoral Norte Paulista (São Sebastião e Caraguatatuba). A abordagem metodológica deste trabalho foi a pesquisa secundária em banco de dados da CETESB, mais especificamente em instrumentos provenientes do Gerenciamento de Riscos e na metodologia de Árvore de Falhas, sendo esta metodologia parte integrante dos estudos de AIA Avaliação de Impactos Ambientais, aplicados ao transporte de produtos perigosos. O resultado da pesquisa é um plano de atendimento emergencial. / Accidents involving the transportation of dangerous goods occur infrequently, on highways and affect not only their users but also the bordering populations and the environment, causing contamination and pollution, often spread by winds and rivers, with catastrophic consequences for the environment and human health. It is therefore a problem that requires not just actions of a corrective nature on the occasion of claims, but also preventive measures aimed at reducing the risks and consequences of striking. This work aims to become an instrument for preventive actions directed to government as a contribution in the safe transport of dangerous goods, on the north coast (São Sebastião and Caraguatatuba). The methodological approach of this work was secondary research in database CETESB more specifically on instruments from the Risk Management and Fault Tree Analysis methodology, this methodology is an integral part of studies of EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment, applied to transport of dangerous goods. The search result is a plan for emergency care.

Le Transport de Marchandises Dangereuses (TMD) est une activité génératrice de risques en raison de la dangerosité intrinsèque des produits considérés qui peuvent, suite à un accident dans le cadre de cette activité, provoquer des effets graves sur l’environnement, les biens et les personnes (effets toxiques, thermiques, de surpression, ou pollution).L’activité TMD se décompose en trois phases : le transport, la manutention (chargement déchargement) et le stationnement. Afin de réduire les risques générés par l’activité TMD, une réglementation internationale a imposé des mesures techniques (prescriptions relatives à la construction et à l’utilisation des colis et des citernes, agréments des véhicules et des récipients) et préventives (formation des intervenants au transport et à la manutention des MD, règles de circulation).Toutefois, cette réglementation, appliquée en France à travers l’arrêté TMD et ses annexes, ne permet pas, pour des sites accueillant de nombreuses marchandises dangereuses (comme les ports, les gares de triage et les aires autoroutières), de mettre en place des mesures préventives et techniques spécifiques adaptées à un contexte local. En effet, l’exploitation d’une d’infrastructure de transport (comme un port accueillant des marchandises dangereuses) nécessite ses propres règles d’exploitation permettant de gérer un trafic de marchandises dangereuses hétérogène, important et régulier (voire quotidien), afin de réduire les risques liés au transport, à la manutention, au stationnement ainsi qu’à la concentration de produits dangereux sur un même site.L’étude de dangers TMD, imposée par la loi n° 2003-699 du 30 juillet 2003, est venue compléter les outils réglementaires existants, afin d’aider certains sites à forte concentration de marchandises dangereuses (définis par le décret n° 2007-700 du 3 mai 2007) à évaluer et gérer les risques générés par l’activité TMD (ou « risque TMD »).Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit donc dans un cadre réglementaire précis et s’est attaché à produire des connaissances réglementaires, scientifiques et opérationnelles, afin de mettre en œuvre et d’éprouver l’applicabilité d’une méthodologie ministérielle d’analyse de risques (définie par l’arrêté du 18 décembre 2009) pour des ouvrages accueillant des marchandises dangereuses. / Transportation of Dangerous Goods (TDG) is a risk-generating activity due to the intrinsic hazard of the products concerned which may, following an accident in the course of this activity, cause serious effects on the environment, property and people (toxic, thermal effects of overpressure, or pollution).The TDG activity is divided into three phases: transport, handling (loading and unloading) and parking. To reduce the risks generated by the TDG activity, international regulations imposed technical measures (requirements for the construction and use of tanks and packages, approvals of vehicles and containers) and preventive measures (training of stakeholders transportation and handling Dangerous Goods, traffic rules).However this rule, applied in France through the order TGD and its annexes, does not allow for hosting many dangerous goods sites (such as ports, rail yards and motorway areas), to develop specific preventive and technical measures adapted to the local context. Indeed, the operation of a transport infrastructure (such as hosting dangerous goods port) requires its own operating rules to manage traffic of dangerous goods heterogeneous, large and regular (even daily) to reduce the risks associated with the transport, handling, parking and the concentration of hazardous substances on the same site.The hazard study of TDG, imposed by Act No. 2003-699 of 30 July 2003, complemented the existing regulatory tools to help some sites with high concentrations of dangerous goods (as defined by the Decree n ° 2007 - 700 of 3 May 2007) to assess and manage the risks generated by the TDG activity (or "TDG risk").This thesis is therefore part of a clear regulatory framework and is committed to produce scientific knowledge and operational regulations, to implement and test the applicability of a departmental risk analysis methodology (defined by the decree of 18 December 2009) for hosting dangerous goods sites.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of international transportation of products traded by Česká zbrojovka a.s., concentrating specifically on air and sea transportation. The main focus is on the transport of products destined for the automotive industry and on the transport of weapons and cartridges. The first theoretical part deals with air and sea transport, transport of dangerous goods and the International Commercial Terms (INCOTERMS). The second practical part examines separate transports of these products. In the end of this practical part are these concrete examined transports compared.

The master‘s thesis focuses on the risks of transporting dangerous goods by road. The introductory part deals with related legislation of the Czech Republic is analyzed, followed by international legislation. In the European Union, the transport of dangerous goods is regulated primarily by the European agreement concerning the International carriage of dangerous goods by road (ADR). Between 2002 and 2019, master‘s thesis analyzes and describes the statistics of traffic accidents with the presence of dangerous goods. Furthermore, this master‘s thesis also analyzes the characteristics of the sources of traffic accident risks, and when activating the risk, the possible effects of traffic accidents and subsequent leakage of dangerous goods are described. In fulfilling the aims of the master‘s thesis, agreement was found in the causes of traffic accidents in statistics and in the literature in the fact that in 80% it is the fault of the human factor. Analysis of a set of 10 large accidents with the presence of dangerous goods using a modified "What, if" method identified impacts on public assets. Based on these identified impacts, measures were proposed that would be appropriate to apply in the public interest.