In this era emphasizing the knowledge economy, corporate survival has been paid special attention following the financial depression. For the corporate under the era of knowledge economy, competitive advantages are from knowledge sharing and organizational innovation. More recently, literature has emerged that offers findings about social capital as a complete concept to explore its influences and functions. In this study, we seek to address the three dimensions, namely relationship, trust, and norms of the internal social capital in the context of Chinese culture and further explore the interactive relationships and influences among them. Using the structure equation model, we use data collected 385 knowledge workers from the high-tech, financial and medical industries of Taiwan. The findings show that (1) relationship has positive influences on norms and trust; (2) the relationship, norms, and trust have positive influences on knowledge sharing; (3) the internal social capital has positive influences on organizational innovation; (4) knowledge sharing has a positive influence on organizational innovation; (5) knowledge sharing has partial mediating effects on social capital and organizational innovation. Furthermore, we proposed a theoretical model of relationship, norms, and trust for future research. These findings could be useful in academic field and practical applications.

Abstract Nowadays¡Mclinics are facing much heavier pressure than ever before¡O While under the National Health Insurance Program¡Mclinics are also faced with a dramatic increase in rivalry and a steep decline in outpatient population¡F how to obtain a competitive advantage has become the priority of each clinic¡O This study adopted literature reviews which focus on Relationship Quality¡]Trust¡BCommitment¡BSatisfaction¡^¡BPerceived Value and Customer Retention¡Mwhich employed to evaluate the empirical data collected from the 199 valid questionnaire samples¡O¡§Considerate toward patients¡¨¡B ¡§Patient satisfaction¡¨¡B ¡§Service quality¡¨¡B ¡§Cost effectiveness¡¨¡B¡§Medical service¡¨and ¡§Basic living¡¨are motives elicited from the data¡Mand analyzed by using principal component analysis¡Mvalidity analysis and reliability analysis¡O The results are as follows¡O ¡§Considerate toward patients¡¨ motivation has an obvious positive effect on the females¡O The education levels of outpatients has a correlation with ¡§Considerate toward patients¡¨ and ¡§Patient satisfaction¡¨ where the motivation constructs become stronger¡O In addition¡M¡§Considerate toward patients¡¨ and ¡§Medical service¡¨ motivations are correlated with the young adults¡O With the multivariate demographic data for reference¡Msustainable actions can be incorporated into the strategy management process for community clinics¡O The clinics can then possess key success factors from mastering outpatient preferences and clinic traits. Keywords¡G Perceived Value¡MRelationship Quality¡]Trust¡BCommitment¡BSatisfaction¡^¡M Customer Retention

The research objects are Tickets Group Buying Websites, to explore the correlation between Perceived Risk and Purchase Intention, including website trust and perception of price. The main purpose is to investigate consumers' tickets group buying behavior, and to understand the consumers' perceived risk interactions with perceived price, trust in tickets group buying, and the impact of people¡¦s purchase intention. This research takes the questionnaire survey; we collect total 301 available samples. Use percentage, average, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The study result indicated that main consumer in ticket group buying are women; the major consumer age groups is 19-29 years old, their income per month is bellow fifty thousand; and most of consumer who lives in northern area in Taiwan. The main reasons that people who willing to use ticket group buying are cheapest price and easy to buy. The key reasons people who do not buy ticket group buying are using time limit and lower service quality. In this research, we found that when consumer has higher website trust, the perceived risk will be weaken; besides the purchase intention will be strengthen. The trust has significant effects on consumer¡¦s purchase decision in ticket group buying. This study also founds that consumer have lower perceived price having higher perceived risk and having lower purchase intention.

With the rise of Web 2.0 concept, the development of virtual communities focuses more on the factors of relationship and interaction. Micro-blogging, the kind of community platforms that limit the length of a post and emphasize real-time and interactive features, has become popular these years. Seeing the potential of micro-blogging marketing, many businesses start to use micro-blogging as a promotional channel. With the different characteristics and multiple features of micro-blogging services, however, most businesses are still exploring how to make relationship marketing successful. This study uses commitment-trust theory by Morgan & Hunt (1994) to investigate the building of trust and commitment between users and communities and their influence on community loyalty from the perspective of relationship commitment. An online-survey was conducted among Plurk users, and 300 valid respondents were used for data analysis by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicate that commitment and trust have a significantly positive effect on loyalty. Trust is significantly influenced by shared values, communication and opportunistic behavior, and commitment is significantly influenced by relation-ship benefits and trust. Information quality and shared values, however, do not have significant impact on commitment. Furthermore, user characteristics and usage frequency have significant moderating effect on the level of causal influence. The results show the importance of trust and commitment building in micro-blogging and provide useful suggestions for micro-blogging marketing.

This dissertation addresses generalized trust in Post-Communist Europe. I examine trust stressing two sets of factors: the impact of attitudes associated with cleavages coming out of transition to democracy, and the importance of informal interpersonal association over more formal, structured forms of association. I argue that the classic list of cleavages suggested by Lipset and Rokkan (1967) have less importance to trust since those cleavages developed under the communist one-party state and were therefore less connected to the party system. As a result, these classic cleavages did not have the same mobilization functions as they did in Western Europe. Instead, I argue that cleavages that have developed out of the transition to democracy and a free-market economic system bear greater importance to trust. I further argue that due to the experience of forced group association during the communist era, and lingering distaste for formal political participation, the familiar Western models of the benefits of social engagement underestimate the importance of informal association in the post-communist states. Informal association was a key component of survival during the communist era and continues to be a valuable means of conferring information and forming political judgments. The first contribution this dissertation makes is that it brings together theories of political cleavages with theories of trust and social capital development. The dissertation bridges the gap between societal divisions and the position of the individual within these divisions. A second contribution of the dissertation is the testing of established theories of formal social engagement in post-communist states. The secretive nature of association during the communist era differs greatly from the open nature of association in the West. Theories of trust and social capital development must take this fact into account when exploring post-communist states.

Social Welfare Information System was implemented in Social Affairs Bureau of Kaohsiung City Government and now well functioning since August, 2002. This research mainly investigated the key factors of this system and can be referred as a successful experience of conducting similar systems to other governmental institutions . Results of this research are as following: 1. Strengthen the drive of conducting system through adoption of non-enforcement strategy, concordance with officers¡¦ policies and replacement of punishment for encouragement. 2. Well social relationship and intercommunication between people have positive influence in conducting system. 3. Mutual dependences: highly mutual dependences can gather users and conductors as a group to reach the consensus of strengthening system conducting. 4. Trust degree: users deeply trust conductors and system can affect system conducting. 5. Entrustment: higher entrustment causes lower resistance due to the interdependence of entrustment and system conducting. 6. Social influence: internet and well social behavior can reduce the obstruction in system conducting. 7. Participation of policy decision and open communication: well communication and participation of policy decision for users make a fine progress of system conducting. 8. Interaction and attitude of initial stage: well interaction includes communication, coordination, counseling, problem solution, which can helpfully support the system conducting during initial stage. According to research results mentioned above, researcher drew a conclusion of these factors had great influences in conducting Social Welfare Information System. In addition to conductors¡¦ efforts, active cooperation of users also plays an important role in it. Effective factors found in this research can be the reference of successfully conducting similar systems to governmental institutions.

The distribution industry has created high GDP and employment in this country and has become one of the key elements of Taiwan¡¦s economy. In the labor-intensive distribution industry, human resource plays an important role. Fully utilized human resource can create powerful competitive force for an organization. Therefore, from the aspect of human resource management, this paper is intended to explore the relationship among psychological contract, trust, and organizational citizenship behavior of the employees of Taiwan distribution industry. The subject of this study is the employees in the distribution industry. Questionnaire survey was used in this study. Seven hundred (700) questionnaires were sent out , in which 491 were effective. The findings are as follows¡G Psychological contract has significant negative influence on trust. 1.Trust has significant positive influence on organizational citizenship behavior. 2.Some of the psychological contracts have significant negative influence on organizational citizenship behavior. 3.Trust has significant intervening effect between psychological contract and organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover, Some of the personal attributes or organizational characteristics have significant deviation on the psychological contract, trust, and organizational citizenship behavior. Based on the findings, intervening models can be formed among psychological contract, trust, and organizational citizenship behavior. This study will assist the further development of the theories about psychological contract, trust, and organizational citizenship. This paper is also to provide practical suggestions on the human resource management in the distribution industry.

In an era of new knowledge-based economy, knowledge management would promote the organizational performance and improve the competition in the global market. Improving organizational members¡¦ willingness of knowledge sharing will be useful for carry out knowledge management. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships among perceptions of organizational politics, trust and knowledge sharing in the industries for understanding employee¡¦s degree of perceptions of organizational politics, attitudes of trust and feelings of knowledge sharing in the organization. Therefore, this study constructs a model which perceptions of organizational politics is the independent variable, knowledge sharing is the dependent variable and trust is the mediate variable to identify the causal relationships. The sample consisted of 1037 employees selected from 42 firms among 5 industries in Taiwan. The data were analyzed by reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, independent-sample T test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The major findings of this study are as fallow: 1.Seniority, official rank, industry, firm age and firm size among individual variables have significant difference in perceptions of organizational politics. 2.Educational level, income and firm age among individual variables have significant difference in trust. 3.Marital status and age among individual variables have significant difference in knowledge sharing. 4.Perceptions of organizational politics have significant negative relationship with knowledge sharing. 5.Perceptions of organizational politics have significant negative relationship with trust. 6.Trust has significant positive relationship with knowledge sharing. 7.Trust has partial intervening effect between perceptions of organizational politics and knowledge sharing.

Direct Selling in Taiwan, due to it¡¦s changing from focusing on distributor¡¦s face-to-face connecting with customers to emphasizing on real channel and electronic commerce; it has been a part of service Industry. Therefore, a good quality of service is become a key which could turnover people¡¦s negative impression on direct selling. We can see that within these years, for gaining positive reputations, most of direct selling companies have given lots of their efforts and money on external marketing activities, such as image commercial, sports sponsor, charity activities, and etc. But, who could win the competition at the end? The way to success is the way that internal employees having satisfied service to external customers. There are many ways of encouraging employees doing excellent service. Some scholars¡¦ studies found out an effective communication which could lead employees to a customer service oriented attitude is internal marketing. This is a case study of a direct selling company that operates its business with real channel. The major purpose is to find out whether internal marketing influence the attitude of customer orientation, and if supervisor trust and job satisfaction could be improved by internal marketing. We discuss four variables (internal marketing, supervisor trust, job satisfaction, customer orientation) to search out the relation among them. This research pointed out that 1. The higher satisfaction level employees practice to internal marketing, the more satisfaction they got in supervisor trust. 2. The higher satisfaction level employees practice to internal marketing, the better performance on customer orientation. 3. Close linkage between supervisor trust and employee¡¦s job satisfaction. 4. There is a positive relation between employees¡¦ job satisfaction and customer orientation.

In the past research studies, we found that most researchers focused more on the process, degree or factors regarding the localization of managers. They did not further find out what the key success factors are if a company really wants to pursue the success of localization. Therefore, this research is focused on the key success factors of localization and organization performance of Taiwan companies with subsidiaries in Mainland China from the perspective of human resource management. Here we use culture difference and organization trust as moderators. Sampled by the subsidiaries of Taiwan companies in Mainland China, the research was conducted by questionnaire survey. The conclusion we drew from analyzing 107 effective questionnaires are the following: First, human resource development and the direction of expatriate have a positive impact on increasing the quality and quantity of local managers. Second, considering organization performance, human resource development has a positive impact on non-financial performance. Third, human resource planning has a positive impact on the success of localization in terms of culture difference. Finally, human resource planning, the interaction between managers and employees, and the trust which a manager places on an employee plays a positive role on improving the quality and quantity of local managers.