In the development of knowledge economy, knowledge is recognized as the most important resource for enhancing or sustaining competition advantage. It is also a key factor for maintaining the long-term success of organizations. The beginning and an important stage of knowledge management is knowledge sharing which is the key to organization creation, learning, performance, and the prediction of successful knowledge management. It will increase the accumulation of organizational knowledge and advance the organizational ability. Knowledge management is traditionally dominated by the viewpoint of information technology. Researchers have emphasized the importance of information technology infrastructure and application in knowledge delivery. However, while explicit knowledge sharing is depended on the utilization of information technology, studies also indicated that tacit knowledge sharing is mainly depended on informal interaction between co-workers¡¦ emotional and the degree of trust. Drawing on the perspective of social exchange theory, this research considers knowledge sharing as a social activity which is an exchange relationship between knowledge contributors and knowledge recipients¡]refer to team-member exchange, TMX¡^. In addition, the interaction between knowledge contributors and knowledge recipients is affected by the relationship between organization-member exchange¡]OMX¡^and leader-member exchange¡]LMX¡^. Therefore, this article investigates the factors which affect the willingness of knowledge sharing by considering the interaction and exchange relationship among individuals and organizations, managers, and other members in organizations. The individual and organization exchange relationship includes the challenging job characteristic and incentive system which provide by the organizations to motivate employees¡¦ knowledge sharing. Moreover, the inter-personal social exchange includes the interaction between co-workers and the interaction between individuals and managers. Employees would share their knowledge if they perceived the benefit of the interaction (either intrinsic or extrinsic) exceeded the cost (losing the power of holding the critical knowledge) of sharing the knowledge. This research investigated how organizational factors (including job characteristics and incentive system), inter-personal factors (including trust and social support between co-workers and leader-member interaction), and team commitment effect the willingness of knowledge sharing. Further, the article also took the team commitment as the mediator and the account of the knowledge characteristics (both importance and taciturnity) into consideration as the moderators. The hypotheses were tested using a sample of R&D team members who work at Hsinchu Science Park or Southern Taiwan Science Park. The twenty-eight technology firms were selected using convenience sampling. Out of the 1,220 questionnaires had been sent, the 650 of them were completed. The data were tested using one way ANOVA, correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression. The results indicated that organizational factors, inter-personal factors, and team commitment have positively related to the willingness of knowledge sharing. The team commitment fully mediated the relationship between willingness of knowledge sharing and incentive system, and leader-member interaction. The team commitment partially mediated the relationship between willingness of knowledge sharing and job characteristics, and co-worker interaction. In addition, the article also found that job characteristics, co-worker interaction, leader-member interaction, and team commitment were more strongly, positively related to the willingness of knowledge sharing when knowledge importance and taciturnity were being driven.

As the result of the real estate bubble on 1990, the domestic real estate market is constantly sluggish which makes an impact on the development of relevant industries in Taiwan. In recent 15 years, the housing industry has been deeply impacted in particular. In order to stimulate the recovery of the real estate market and the development of economy, Taiwan government promoted many related projects in order to boost the prosperity of Real Estate industry. Such as ¡§Improving Real Estate Market Polices¡¨, ¡§Two-year Reduction Policy of Land Value Increment Tax to Half¡¨, release limitations on foreign ownership of Taiwan property ¡§Real Estate Appraisal regulation¡§¡§Certified Real Estate Registration Agent Code¡¨ Legislation of real estate management¡¨. Meanwhile ¡§The Conference of National Economy and development¡¨, ¡§A series of strengthen economy quality¡¨ and ¡§Economic Development Advisory Conference¡¨ have been convoked and recommended ¡§real estate securitization¡¨ might be the workable way. In 23rd July 2003 the Legislative Yuan passed the Real Estate Securitization Statute and Enforcement Rules of the Real Estate Securitization Statute. The purpose of the enactment was through securitization stimulating the real estate market and effectively developing real estate. Real estate securitization, by definition, the financing mechanism alters the investor¡¦s investment, from a direct investment to a securitized investment. The trust company issues securities over a portfolio of properties to raise fund from the capital market other than mortgage loans from banking system. The implementation of the real estate securitization can combine the real estate market with the capital market and effectively facilitate the development of real estate resources. These transactions have grown increasingly popular over time, providing the long-awaited fueling of the domestic real estate market. Therefore not only the real estate industry enables to utilize the funds raised from the general public, but also improves distressed government finance . By referring to the experience of the US and Japan , Taiwan Real Estate Securitization Statute was constructed by two kinds of Real Estate Securitization, the investment trust of real estate (REITs) and real estate assets trust (REATs). The Act being adopted from the Real Estate Investment Trust system of USA; and the Real Estate Asset Trust system of Japan. The real estate securitization has been brought into practice for over 3 years since implementation of Taiwan¡¦s Real Estate Securitization Statute. Till the end 2006, Financial Supervisory Commission ratified 15 cases of real estate securitized products, over NTD 69,694 million of real estate securities was issued. Among them, 7 cases regard REITs as the structure issues NTD 51,800 million which about 75% of total market share. The purpose of this study is to discuss the Development of Real Estate Investment Trust in Taiwan by analyzing and referring the current situations and relevant legal mechanisms in US and in Japan. Through real case study probes actual operation of REITs also gives suggestions for their prospective development and impacts. In addition, the research provides recommendation and valuable information to the current market and insights about the future development of Taiwan¡¦s REIT market.

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Abstract: Among public tax authorities, in addition to economic booming, the work performance of tax collector is the major point of deciding the variation of tax collection. Whether a tax collector shows his organizational citizenship behavior is the key resource of edge in public organizational competition. The effect on the members¡¦ metal sense and their own working attitudes enable the encouragement of these members¡¦ organizational citizenship behavior to render the first business of managers. Many studies discover that a tax collector acknowledges the organizational justice can influence both individual and organizational results, as well as the performance of the trust in their superiors and colleagues or organizational citizenship behavior. This research probes into related document, and construes a tax collector¡¦s mental sense with organizational justice to construct a theoretical model with the research ideas, such as trust and organizational citizenship behavior, taking Ministry of Finance, National Tax Bureau of Kaohsiung City as research subjects, furthermore to take organizational equity (including distributional equity, procedure equity) as self-variable item, trust (including trust to superior and colleagues) as intermediary variation, organizational citizenship behavior (including justice, helping colleagues, no producing quarrels or pursuit of fame, obey the rule and solid, identifying the organizations) as variable item to discuss the correlation and effect among individual tendency variation, organizational justice, trust and organizational citizenship behavior in order to offer references for public resource development, and further upgrade the service efficiency of public servants. This research has handed out 707 questionnaires with 415 effective copies, and through the statistical analysis, such as Independent test, One-way ANVOVA, Person Correlation Analysis, and Hierarchical Multiple Regression , we get the significant discoveries as follows: 1. It presents a direct relation and influence on each dimension of organizational equity, trust and organizational civil behavior. 2. Public servant¡¦s characteristics, such as sex, marriage, age, seniority, and education degree and director levels, influence obviously distributional justice of organizational justice, procedural justice, trust and organizational civil behavior. 3. Through level multiple regression analysis, trust holds a media relation toward organizational justice and organizational civil behavior, that is, the organizational justice factor indeed influences organizational civil behavior through the intermediary of trust. Based on reality prove that when a public servant put more emphasis on a tax collector and reaches a status of fair distribution, a tax collector senses the trust toward public institute and furthermore perform organizational civil behavior. This research suggests to enhance the interaction between directors and employees, establish effective questioning authority system, value on just promotional and rewarding systems, advocate the achievement evaluation of interactive fair OCB (Organizational Civil Behavior), etc.

In this study, we seek to contribute to theoretical understanding of the effect of trust on supply chain performance under different market environments. We are aiming to design the trust mechanisms suitable for network enabled organizations (Straub and Watson, 2002) to evaluate partners¡¦ trustworthiness on the fly of supplier choice. The sophistication of agent technologies in the future also can execute such supply chain negotiation based on the developed trust mechanisms. Before that, in this research, we use the multi-agent simulation system, Swarm, for simulating and analyzing the supply chain performance in four different market environments. Supply chain performance is evaluated using an example order fulfillment process of the mold industry to compare its performance with versus without trust mechanisms. Sensitivity analysis is used for examining the properties of the proposed trust mechanisms. We found that the trust mechanism will reduce the average cycle time rate and raise the in-time order fulfillment rate, but increase the unit cost of materials. Higher of trustor's propensity to trust results in higher in-time order fulfillment rate. This mechanism is better than just using quote price and due date, but it raises the unit cost of materials. The range of raised cost are controlled within 3%. We can consider this 3% additional material cost as the premium of the expectation of better quality and shorter cycle time.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine performance and relationship between the US and Asian REITs indices. We find two-year (2005/3/10~2007/3/12) return of T-REITs is 15.87%, which is much lower than the return of US, Japan and Singapore. However, T-REITs has the lowest risk in selected sample countries because the lowest VaRs is found. We estimate one-day horizon holding periods VaRs and find T-REITs¡¦ performance is better than other country by the Sharpe Ratio of VaRs. The Granger causality approach indicates some lead-lag relationships between these REITs. The NAREIT EQUITY index is leading the Hong-Kong and Singapore REITs indices; Singapore REITs index is leading the J-REITs index; J-REITs index is leading the NAREIT EQUITY index. However, Causality tests show no significant lead-lag relationships between Taiwan REITs market and other REITs markets.

By the increasing using of global teams within organization, it is eagerly for us to understand how the ¡§team¡¨ form and work, and more importantly, ¡§what¡¨ makes it work. This research focus on the trust issue, which may be increased by proper managerial behaviors and HRM practices to increase knowledge innovation. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach; case details were collected from global teams involving at least two different nationalities. The research aims to investigate the influences of managerial behavior, HRM practices and trust on knowledge innovation in global teams. Findings reveal that different industries of global team tend to apply different knowledge innovation strategies. Moreover, HRM practices and managerial behaviours have significant and positive impacts on trust to raise knowledge innovation in global teams.

A democratic system is stable or not relies on the political attitudes of the citizen. It is not enough to rely just on establishment of political system. More important is winning the support and trust of the general public. The trust on general public is the basis of legitimacy of ruling and it represents the level of trust of the general public to the government officials and public policy. The political trust refers to the attitudes of individual toward government official, decision of government, political figure, political phenomenon, and political code, political system as well as political structure. Whether people trust administration officials and public policy determines the level of support of people offered to present administration. In this paper, we adopted interview data in the project of ¡§Taiwan¡¦s Election and Democratization Study, 2003¡¨ in the effort to find out the difference in party identification, media contact and political knowledge based on individual background data and what are the connections between the above variables in one hand and the political trust provided to government agency and political figures on the other hand, and from which, it is hoped to find out the connection between political trust of general public of Taiwan and various factors, so as to provide governing agencies and political trust for reference in winning trust of the general public and the direction to endeavor. It is also hoped that the democratic politics of Taiwan will be more matured and secured.

Abstract The purpose of this study is to explore the political attitudes of Senior high school (including professional school) students in Kaohsiung as well as the relationship between the factors of school and family and students¡¦ political attitudes. The subjects of this study are Senior high school students in Kaohsiung.The sampling method is to use stratified cluster sampling method. The 626 students from eight schools were sampled as effect samples. The questionnaire was used to investigate the political attitudes of students based on their gender, their school attribute, and their grade level. Additionally, the questionnaire was also used to explore the relationship between students¡¦ political attitudes and the factors of school and family, including teachers¡¦ styles of discipline, peer relationship, the atmosphere of school organization, club activity and parenting style. Political attitude scales include five types: attitude towards public affairs, sense of political trust, sense of citizen duty, sense of political efficacy, and concept of democracy. The questionnaire is constructed with reference to a review of related literature and is developed by the researcher. The data is analyzed by frequency distribution, percentile, average, standard deviation, t-test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The political attitudes of Senior high school students in Kaohsiung are positive. The results of ¡§ attitude towards public affairs¡¨, ¡§sense of citizen duty¡¨, and ¡§concept of democracy¡¨ are better. The average scores are 3.59 , 3.89 and 3.99.¡@The results of ¡§sense of political trust¡¨and¡§sense of political efficacy¡¨ are less satisfactory.¡@The scores are 2.65 and 2.90. 2. There is no significant difference on political attitudes of students between different genders. 3. There is significant difference on political attitudes of students between different school attributes. Regular high school students were more active than professional school students. 4. There is significant difference on political attitudes of students between different grade levels. 5. There is a significant positive relationship between students¡¦ political attitudes and their teachers¡¦ styles of discipline, peer relationship, atmosphere of school organization, club activity and parenting style. That is, students hold more positive political attitudes when teachers¡¦ styles of discipline are more democratic, peer relationship is closer, atmosphere of school organization is more democratic , club activities are more democratic, and parenting style is more democratic. 6. When political attitude is the independent variable, significant predicting ability is demonstrated in the following five variables¡G¡§ atmosphere of school organization¡¨, ¡§parenting style¡¨,¡§school attributes¡¨ ,¡§peer relationship¡¨, and ¡§association activity.¡¨ Based on the results of this study, the following suggestions are provided: 1. Teachers are suggested to encourage students to express their opinions in order to form democratic atmosphere of school organization. 2. Parents should actively show their concerns about children, accommodate their emotion, and love them. Parental disciplinary style should be democratic. 3. Students should establish good peer relationship and learn inter-personal relationship. 4. Teachers are suggested to encourage students to participate student clubs in order to promote a democratic culture on campus.